書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽工程大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itiseasytounderstandthatthethickertheseamis,______togetthecoaloutoftheground.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itischeaper

B.thecheaper

C.itismorecheap

D.thecheaperitis

【答案】D

【解析】考查比較級(jí)的用法?！癟he+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……越……”。Cheap的比較級(jí)形式是cheaper，所以排除C項(xiàng)；B項(xiàng)缺少主語和謂語，所以B項(xiàng)排除；A項(xiàng)不符合語法。句意：很容易理解的是，煤層越厚，將煤從地下開采出來的成本就越低。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Lastyear’s800-oddeventshavemushroomedtomorethan2,100,andscoresofelectedandwould-beelectedofficials,includingpresumptiveDemocraticpresidentialnomineeJohnF.Kerry,havegonebeforethecamerastopayhomagetotheweek’shealthcaretheme.

Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakerswhoarerollingoutnewproposalsandrecyclingoldonesaremoreconcernedaboutscoringpoliticalpointsthanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.

Despitetheequallyferventdeclarationscomingfromeverysidethat,asSen.OlympiaJ.Snowe(R-Maine)said,“Nowisnotsoonenoughtogetthejobdone,”fundamentalphilosophicaldifferences—aswellasthewarinIraq,terrorismfearsandthefederalbudgetdeficit—willcontinuetodeterminewhat,ifanything,comesofallthetalk.

Acrossthecountry,groupsfromtheU.S.ChamberofCommercetotheAFL-CIO,fromtheSouthernBaptistConventiontotheIslamicSocietyofNorthAmerica,havesponsoredworkshops,townhallmeetingsandnewsconferencesthisweektocallattentiontotheproblemscausedbyrisinghealthcarecostsandshrinkingcoverage—andtodemandgovernmentaction.

Butinthenation’scapital,thepolicyproposalspresentedbyseparategroupsofRepublicanandDemocraticlawmakershavealmostnothingincommonandcomewrappedinpoliticalinvectivedirectedattheotherside.

Forinstance,Sen.GordonSmithsaidTuesdaythekeydifferencebetweentheRepublicans’targeted,tax-basedproposalsanddemocraticbillstoexpandexistinggovernmentprogramswas“thechoicebetweensuperiorhealthcareformostAmericansandfindingwaystoincludetherestoftheAmericans,ormediocrehealthcareforallAmericans.”

Theyincludepreviousproposals,suchasmalpracticereformandtaxcredits,aswellasanewplantoforgivesomestudentloansforcollegegraduateswhoinvestintax-free,high-deducibletaxsavingsplans.

AstudyreleasedMondaybytheUrbanInstitute,asocialpolicyresearchorganizationinWashington,saidthatprovidinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoveragewouldincreasemedicalspendingby$48billionayear.

Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.

26.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthetitleofthepassage?

27.Accordingtothispassage,Americansarefacing____.

28.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto____.

29.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

30.WhatdotheAmericansneedmostfortheirhealthcareaccordingtothispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HealthcareIssuesAttractPlentyofTalkbutLittleAction

B.TheRepublicans’Targeted,Tax-BasedProposals

C.DemocraticBillsExpandExistingGovernmentPrograms

D.ConcernsaboutCost,QualityandAvailabilityofHealthcare

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.providinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoverage

B.findingsolutionstotheproblemsbroughtaboutbyafracturedhealthcaresystem

C.risinghealthcarecostbutshrinkingcoverage

D.thekeydifferencebetweentheRepublicansandtheDemocrats

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.arousepublicattentiontohealthissues

B.assistthegovernment

C.expresstheopinionsofthepoor

D.providehealthinsurance

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manyorganizationshavesponsoredmeetingstodemandgovernmentaction.

B.Bothelectedandwould-beelectedofficialsareinterestedinthetopicofhealthcare.

C.RepublicansandDemocratshavefundamentallydifferentpolicyproposals.

D.Americanswelcometheproposalsgeneratedbybothparties.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Growingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcare.

B.Waystohelpthenation’s44millionuninsuredtogethealthcoverage.

C.Governmentactiontoprovidehealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoverage.

D.Alltheabove.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】26.主旨大意題。題干“下列最適合做本文標(biāo)題的是哪一項(xiàng)？”首先，本文的主題是“醫(yī)療保健問題”，所以標(biāo)題中應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)相關(guān)字眼，排除B選項(xiàng)“共和黨有針對(duì)性的基于稅收的提案”、C選項(xiàng)“民主黨的法案擴(kuò)大了現(xiàn)有的政府項(xiàng)目”，兩者都只是文中的某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)；文章首段指出大選各方都關(guān)注“醫(yī)療保健問題”；第2段指出有人擔(dān)心這些人只是政治做秀而非真正想解決問題；第3-8段展開佐證他們并不是真正想解決問題；最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士認(rèn)為，公眾對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性日益增長的擔(dān)憂可能會(huì)迫使華盛頓最終采取行動(dòng)。）由此可知，政府對(duì)于“醫(yī)療保健問題”尚未采取行動(dòng)來解決。A選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于醫(yī)療保健問題，說得多做得少”符合原文；D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性的關(guān)注”，雖然在最后一段提到了，但全文并沒有展開介紹公眾“對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性的關(guān)注”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

27.判斷推理題。題干“根據(jù)文章，美國人正面臨____”，要根據(jù)全文主旨判斷。原文第2段Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakerswhoarerollingoutnewproposalsandrecyclingoldonesaremoreconcernedaboutscoringpoliticalpointsthanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.（但一些分析人士懷疑，那些推出新提案、重復(fù)使用舊提案的議員們，是否更關(guān)心的是在政治上得分，而不是為支離破碎的醫(yī)療體系帶來的問題找到解決方案。）而文章第3-8段展開佐證他們并不是真正想解決問題，而最后一段指出公眾對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的擔(dān)憂可能會(huì)促使政府解決問題。由此可知，采取行動(dòng)解決支離破碎的醫(yī)療體系帶來的問題是美國人正面臨的問題，B選項(xiàng)“尋找解決醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)分裂帶來的問題的方法”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“為那些沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的人提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段Astudy…saidthatprovidinghealthinsurancetothosewholackedcoveragewouldincreasemedicalspendingby$48billionayear.（一項(xiàng)研究表明，為那些沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的人提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)每年將增加480億美元的醫(yī)療支出。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)只是某項(xiàng)研究的內(nèi)容，但這并不是題干所問，排除；D選項(xiàng)“共和黨和民主黨之間的關(guān)鍵區(qū)別”，可定位到原文第6段Sen.GordonSmithsaidTuesdaythekeydifferencebetween…was…（參議員GordonSmith周二表示，……之間的關(guān)鍵區(qū)別是……）但是這并不是題干所問的美國人正面臨的問題，根據(jù)主旨，美國人面臨的問題是跟“醫(yī)療保健”相關(guān)的，排除。干擾選項(xiàng)C“醫(yī)療成本上升，但保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面縮小”，可定位到原文第4段Acrossthecountry,groupsfrom…callattentiontotheproblemscausedbyrisinghealthcarecostsandshrinkingcoverage—andtodemandgovernmentaction.（在全國范圍內(nèi)，……各團(tuán)體呼吁關(guān)注醫(yī)療成本上升和覆蓋范圍縮小所導(dǎo)致的問題，并要求政府采取行動(dòng)。）由此可知，美國人面臨的是“醫(yī)療成本上升和覆蓋范圍縮小所導(dǎo)致的問題”，而非“醫(yī)療成本上升，但保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面縮小”本身，選項(xiàng)表述不夠準(zhǔn)確。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

28.作者意圖題。本文是圍繞“醫(yī)療保健問題”展開的，文章首段指出大選各方都關(guān)注“醫(yī)療保健”；第2段指出有人擔(dān)心這些人只是政治做秀而非真正想解決問題；第3-8段展開說明他們并不是真正想解決問題；最后一段指出一些人認(rèn)為，公眾對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性日益增長的擔(dān)憂可能會(huì)迫使政府采取行動(dòng)。由此推斷，作者的意圖應(yīng)為引起讀者對(duì)“醫(yī)療保健問題”的關(guān)注，從而促使政府采取措施解決問題，A選項(xiàng)“引起公眾對(duì)健康問題的關(guān)注”，表述符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“協(xié)助政府”，表述錯(cuò)誤，不是為了幫助政府，而是為了解決問題，排除；C選項(xiàng)“表達(dá)窮人的意見”，表述錯(cuò)誤，文章并未說“醫(yī)療保健問題”僅僅是窮人的問題，排除；D選項(xiàng)“提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)”，表述錯(cuò)誤，提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)并非作者的事，也不會(huì)是作者的寫作意圖，作者能做的是引起大家對(duì)問題的關(guān)注。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

29.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“許多組織已經(jīng)發(fā)起會(huì)議要求政府采取行動(dòng)”，可定位到原文第4段Acrossthecountry,groups…,havesponsoredworkshops,townhallmeetingsandnewsconferencesthisweekto…—andtodemandgovernmentaction.（本周，全國各種團(tuán)體發(fā)起了研討會(huì)、市政廳會(huì)議和新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，要求……，并要求政府采取行動(dòng)。）選項(xiàng)表述符合原文；B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)選官員和準(zhǔn)當(dāng)選官員都對(duì)醫(yī)療保健這個(gè)話題感興趣”，可定位到原文第1段…scoresofelectedandwould-beelectedofficials,…,havegonebeforethecamerastopayhomagetotheweek’shealthcaretheme.（……數(shù)十名當(dāng)選和即將當(dāng)選的官員……在鏡頭前對(duì)本周的醫(yī)療保健主題表示敬意。）選項(xiàng)表述符合原文；C選項(xiàng)“共和黨和民主黨有著本質(zhì)上不同的政策建議”，可定位到原文第5段thepolicyproposalspresentedbyseparategroupsofRepublicanandDemocraticlawmakershavealmostnothingincommonand...（共和黨和民主黨議員分別提出的政策建議幾乎沒有任何共同之處，并且……）選項(xiàng)表述符合原文；D選項(xiàng)“美國人歡迎兩黨提出的建議”，可定位到原文最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士認(rèn)為，公眾對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性日益增長的擔(dān)憂可能會(huì)迫使華盛頓最終采取行動(dòng)。）由此可知，公眾對(duì)醫(yī)院保健的很多問題存在擔(dān)憂，所以，對(duì)于兩黨提出的解決問題的建議應(yīng)該是不太滿意的，選項(xiàng)表述與原文不符。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

30.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)這篇文章，美國人對(duì)于醫(yī)療保健最需要的是什么？”A選項(xiàng)“公眾日益關(guān)注醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性”，可定位到原文最后一段Someanalyststhinkgrowingpublicconcernaboutcost,qualityandavailabilityofhealthcarecouldforceWashingtontoact―eventually.（一些分析人士認(rèn)為，公眾對(duì)醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性日益增長的擔(dān)憂也許會(huì)迫使華盛頓最終采取行動(dòng)。）由此可知，美國人需要公眾日益關(guān)注醫(yī)療保健的成本、質(zhì)量和可用性，以促使華盛頓政府真正采取措施解決問題，選項(xiàng)表述符合題意；根據(jù)原文第2段Butsomeanalystswonderwhetherthelawmakers…aremoreconcernedabout…thanfindingsolutionstotheproblemsgeneratedbyafracturedhealthcaresystem.（但一些分析人士懷疑，議員們是否更關(guān)心的是……，而不是為支離破碎的醫(yī)療體系帶來的問題尋找解決方案。）由此可知，美國人需要解決的是“支離破碎的醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)所帶來的許多問題”，而非簡(jiǎn)單的為沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的人提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，所以B選項(xiàng)“幫助美國4400萬沒有保險(xiǎn)的人獲得醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的方法”（原文并沒有提到美國有4400萬人沒有保險(xiǎn)），C選項(xiàng)“政府采取行動(dòng)為那些沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的人提供醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)”表述不符合原文，排除；D選項(xiàng)“以上都是”，B、C選項(xiàng)都不對(duì)，D選項(xiàng)排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

3.單選題

Severalguestswerewaitinginthe（）forthefrontdoortoopen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.porch

B.vent

C.inlet

D.entry

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)porch“（沿外墻建筑、常帶頂?shù)模╅T廊，走廊”；B選項(xiàng)vent“（氣體、液體的）進(jìn)出口，通風(fēng)口，排放口”；C選項(xiàng)inlet“（河道、水灣）入口，進(jìn)口”；D選項(xiàng)entry“進(jìn)入，入口”。句意：有幾位客人在入口處等著開門。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

MyniecehasbeentoSumatraandIranaswellasallofEurope;bythetimesheistwenty,she（）almosteverywhere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbe

B.wouldhavebeen

C.willhavebeen

D.wouldbe

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我侄女曾經(jīng)去過蘇門答臘島、伊朗及全歐洲，等到她二十歲吋，她將幾乎去過所有地方。

語法題?？疾閷硗瓿蓵r(shí)。分析句意可知空格處應(yīng)使用將來完成時(shí):shall/willhave+過去分詞,故選C。

5.單選題

Iphonedhimthismorning,butwhenIsaidwhoIwas,he（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rangup

B.hungup

C.shutdown

D.shutup

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。ringup意為“打電話”；hangup意為“掛斷電話”；shutdown意為“關(guān)閉，停業(yè)”；shutup意為“安靜，閉嘴”。

句意：我今天早上給他打了電話，但當(dāng)我告訴他我是誰時(shí)，他掛斷了電話。

6.單選題

Thecolorandsmellofwaterintheserivers（）itselfhowseriousthepollutionisbutmanypeoplearestillignoringhefact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illustrates

B.demonstrates

C.manifests

D.exemplifies

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析題。manifestoneself"顯現(xiàn),顯露";illustrate"說明,闡明";demonstrate"舉行示威游行（或集會(huì)）;說明";exemplify"例示，舉例證明"。句意：這些河水的顏色和氣味表明了污染的嚴(yán)重性，但是許多人仍然忽視了這個(gè)事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

7.單選題

Whatare[A]thequalitiesthatapersonneedsinordertomakeagreatspeech?ThereisanoldChinesesaying[B]thatgoes,“amanisgoodbecauseofhismouth,andahorseisgoodbecauseofitslegs.”Humans[C]haveabilitytocommunicatethroughspeech,andinspeechwehaveaspecialopportunity[D]tomakeimpact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thequalities

B.thatgoes

C.haveability

D.tomakeimpact

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。D選項(xiàng)處應(yīng)表示“產(chǎn)生影響”，impact是可數(shù)名詞，因此正確用法應(yīng)為“tomakeanimpact”。

8.單選題

Spiesmayhaveanumberof______namesandpapers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.synthetic

C.false

D.pretended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)artificial“（力求自然）人造的”，anartificiallimb“假肢”；B選項(xiàng)synthetic“（用化學(xué)物質(zhì)人工）合成的”，syntheticdrugs“合成藥物”；C選項(xiàng)false“偽造的”，afalsepassport“假護(hù)照”；D選項(xiàng)pretended“假裝的”。句意：間諜可能有許多______的名字和文件。根據(jù)語境，間諜為了假冒身份，有許多false“偽造的”文件。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Scientificintegrityisasmuchamatterofself-interestasitisof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.self-esteem

B.self-deceiving

C.selfishness

D.self-improvement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。self-esteem“自尊；自負(fù)；自大”；self-deceiving“自欺的”；selfishness“自私自利”；self-improvement“自我改善；自我修養(yǎng)”。句意：科學(xué)誠信有關(guān)尊嚴(yán)，更是與自身利益有關(guān)的事情。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproductionandisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe'SecondIndustrialRevolution'.

Labor'sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventuallytheresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Theinterestoflaborliesinbringingaboutthetransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.

1.Thoughthelaborworriesabouttheeffectsofautomation,itneverdoubtsthat（

）.

2.Theideaofthe"improvementfactor'(Para.3)impliesroughly

（

）.

3.Inordertogetthefullbenefitsofautomation,laborwilldependmostlyon

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.automationwilleventuallypreventunemployment

B.automationwillhelpworkersacquirenewskills

C.automationwilleventuallybenefittheworkersnolessthantheemployers

D.automationisatrendwhichcannotbestopped

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthofservice

B.thebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsshouldbesharedbyworkers

C.supplementaryunemploymentbenefitplansshouldbepromoted

D.thetransitiontoautomationshouldbebroughtaboutwiththeminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstoworkers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.shorterworkinghoursandmoreleisuretime

B.theincreaseofwagesinproportiontotheincreaseinproductivity

C.additionalpaymenttothepermanentlydismissalworkers

D.strongdriveforplanningnewinstallations

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation

B.Laborandtheeffectsofautomation

C.Unemploymentbenefitsplansandautomation.

D.Socialbenefitsofautomation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘盡管工人們擔(dān)心自動(dòng)化的影響，但他們從不懷疑……？’根據(jù)第二段中“Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.勞工基本上的觀點(diǎn)是抵抗技術(shù)變革是徒然的”確定D選項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)化是一種不能被阻止的趨勢(shì)”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題目提問‘“改善因素”的概念(第3段)粗略地表示……？’根據(jù)第三段中“Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.另一種方法是“改善因素”的想法，它要求在提高生產(chǎn)力的基礎(chǔ)上增加工資?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“工人應(yīng)該共享生產(chǎn)增加和成本降低的福利”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘為了獲得自動(dòng)化的全部好處，勞動(dòng)力將主要依靠……？’根據(jù)最后一段中“Itispossible,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.然而，勞動(dòng)力有可能主要依靠減少工作時(shí)間來充分分享自動(dòng)化的成果?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“更短的工作時(shí)間和更多的休閑吋間”正確。

4.主旨大意題。全文主要是講“自動(dòng)化的發(fā)展對(duì)勞工在工作與就業(yè)等方而帶來的影響”，所以B選項(xiàng)“勞工與自動(dòng)化的影響”正確。文章并沒有對(duì)自動(dòng)化的劣勢(shì)展開討論，所以A選項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)化的優(yōu)勢(shì)與劣勢(shì)”錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)福利計(jì)劃和自動(dòng)化”和D選項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)化的社會(huì)效益”只是文中提及的一部分內(nèi)容，排除。

11.單選題

Henevertellsanybodyabouthisplans;hekeepshisown（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.idea

B.opinion

C.counsel

D.secret

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。idea“想法，主意，概念”；opinion“觀點(diǎn)”；counsel“建議；勸告”；secret“秘密”。keepone'sowncounsel"將自己意見（或計(jì)劃）保密，不暴露自己的意圖"。句意：他從沒告訴過別人他的計(jì)劃，他只聽從自己的想法。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Japanisgoingthroughacomplexnationalidentitycrisis.Thatmaybenobadthing,saysanewbookbyanAmericanacademicJapanologist.Theeconomyisstalled,butthesocietyisinmotion.Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways;theychangeinanincrementalprocess,generallyofsmallstepsbutwhich,overtime,canadduptobigmovements.Andjustsuchabigmovementseemstobetakingplace.

Mr.Nathan,aprofessorofJapaneseculturalstudies,hasbeenobservingJapansincethe1960s.Whereasmostpeoplelookateconomicdataorthecomingsandgoingsofprimeministers,heismoreinterestedinschools,novels,comicbooks,andthemindsofyoungentrepreneursandmavericklocalpoliticians.Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamouslycohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry’ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.

Fracturesarewhathelooksforandfracturesarewhathefinds.Onbalance,theyareneitherobviouslydangerousnorobviouslypositive,buttheyare,ashesays,signsofmotionwhichcould,intime,leadinunpredictabledirections.Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious.Now,though,Mr.Nathan’snumbersdomakethesituationlookgrave.

Since1998,youthsagedbetween14and19havebeeninvolvedin50%ofallarrestsforfelonies,includingmurder.Truancyisalsointheup.Mr.Nathanassertsthatthetruenumberis350,000children,or5%ofthestudentpopulation.

Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline—partfamilial,partsocial,partlegal一whichappeartopreventschoolsandparentsfromdealingeffectivelywitherrantchildren.

Japanis,inshort,passingthroughanationalidentitycrisis.Thereareplentyofpositiveaspectstoittoo,however.Oneisaconsiderableincreaseinthenumberofactualorbuddingyoungentrepreneurs,atrendespeciallyvisibleinthewillingnessofhigh-flyerstoleavegood,safejobsinordertosetuptheirownfirms.Thenumbersremainmodest,butareneverthelesssurprisinglyhighgiventhestateoftheeconomyinrecentyears.Anotherisaneweagernessamongpopularwritersandmaverickpoliticianstotrytodefineandencourageanewnationalpride.

1.WhatcharacterizesthesocialchangesinJapanesesocietyisthat（

）.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

3.SchoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemtobe（

）.

4.ThereasonbehindschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemstobethat（

）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareoftenaccompaniedbyanationalidentitycrisis

B.theyoftentakeplaceinmajorscalebutendupinsmalleffect

C.theyoftenhappenhumblywhileproducinghugeaccumulativeconsequences

D.theyoftentakeplacewithoutbeinganalyzedandreportedduetotheircomplexity

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Japanisundergoingaseriouspoliticalinstability

B.astaticeconomymighthaveanegativeinfluenceonsociety

C.mostpeopleinJapanareunderseverementalstrain

D.manypeoplesufferfromafractureduetotheirjobpressure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tiringJapaneseparentsupforalongtime

B.notasseriousasmostJapanesehaveimagined

C.quicklyontheincreaseespeciallyinrecentyears

D.obviouslyendangeringthesafetyofJapanesestudents

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.schoolandparentsdonotwanttodealwitherrantchildreneffectively

B.economicstagnationhasreducedparents'timetocommunicatewiththeirchildren

C.youthsbullyinghasalreadybecomeapopularpracticeforstudentsandtheyfinditexciting

D.childrenareinfectedwithproblemintheadultworldandrulesarenotstrictenough

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.SolutionstoYouthsCrimesinJapan.

B.TheJapaneseNationalIdentityCrisis

C.SchoolViolenceandTruancyinJapan.

D.EconomicandSocialChangesinJapan.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推斷題。第一段：...Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways(其實(shí)很難報(bào)道日本和分析日本，因?yàn)樵谌毡?，事情不是以大?guī)模以及人們可以注意得到的方式發(fā)生變化的)。由此推測(cè)C項(xiàng)(通常不起眼地發(fā)生，但也會(huì)因累積而產(chǎn)生巨大的后果)正確。

2.推斷題。第二段：Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamously

cohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry'ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.他關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)在...日本社會(huì)是否在經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的壓力下產(chǎn)生裂痕，以及這種壓力是怎樣影響國家的宗旨和國家特征的?？芍琋athan要研究的就是日本經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯是否造成社會(huì)裂痕。故選B(停滯的經(jīng)濟(jì)可能對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生消極影響)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Schoolviolenceandtruancy定位至第三段:Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious(他有寫到最令人擔(dān)憂的裂痕是在學(xué)校，那里的暴力和曠課現(xiàn)象會(huì)顯著增加。日本家長對(duì)這些事情疲倦地聳聳肩，因?yàn)閷?duì)欺凌的擔(dān)心由來已久，但似乎并沒有那么嚴(yán)重)。故A:使日本家長們疲憊很久了。為正確答案。

4.推斷題。第五段:Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline(這種趨勢(shì)似乎是兩種相關(guān)現(xiàn)象的癥狀：一種普遍的幻滅感、疏離感、不確定感或明顯的憤怒感，這種情緒也蔓延到了兒童身上；一種是舊的紀(jì)律體系逐漸瓦解),由此可知,D項(xiàng)(成人的問題影響了孩子，而且規(guī)則也不夠嚴(yán)格)正確。

5.主旨大意題。全文主要是談?wù)撊毡窘?jīng)濟(jì)停滯對(duì)社會(huì)造成的問題。但是作者認(rèn)為日本國民認(rèn)同危機(jī)是有利有弊。

13.單選題

InMarch1974oneofthemostastonishingarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthetwentiethcenturywasunearthedinthecountyofLintong,ShaanxiProvince.Anentirearmyoflife-sizedwarriorsandhorses,buriedformorethan2,200years,begantobeuncovered.Thesereplicashadbeenplacedintrenchesaroundthestill-unexcavatedtombofQinshihuang,theFirstEmperoroftheQinDynasty(221-207B.C.).Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.Mostwereobviouslyintendedasindividualportraits.

Theheadshapesofthesefiguresandtheexpressionsontheirfaceswere,moreorless,individualized,andsoeachmancouldbeidentifiedastohisplaceofregionalorigin.Thesquare-faced,broad-foreheaded,prominent-cheekbone,heavy-featured,big-mouthedandwide-cheekedonesweremodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi.Theshorter,round-faced,sharp-chinned,andthin-lippedsoldiersweremodeledafterpersonsfromtheprovinceofSichuan.OtherswereclearlyfromGansu,andthereweresomewhoappearedtobemembersofvariousminoritiesinnorthwesternChina.Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.

TothesurpriseofbothChineseandWesternarchaeologists,afewoftheclaysoldiersshowednon-Chinesecharacteristics,possiblybeingpersonsfromasfarawayasArabiaorPersia.ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.

Yetacenturylaterthehistoricalrecorddoesindicatelimitedcontactwithforeigners.ThereisonereportintheannalsoftheEasternHanDynasty(A.D.25-220)ofaRomanjugglerwhoarrivedinChinabywayofBurmainA.D.109,andanotherofthearrivalofanenvoyfromMacedoniaataboutthesametime.AndtheRomanhistorianLuciusAnnaeusFlorusmentionsthecomingofaChineseenvoytoRomeasearlyasthereignofAugustus(27B.C.-A.D.14).

ButextensivecontactsbetweenChinaandtheWestdidn'treallybeginuntilthenorthernSilkRoadwasgraduallydevelopedafter138B.C.Thisoverlandroutestartedatpresent-dayXi'anandpassedthroughthe

WesternCorridorbeyondtheYellowRiver,Xinjiang,Farghana(nowUzbekistan),Persia(Iran)andTajik(Iraq)whereitmetwesternboundaryoftheRomanEmpire.

FormorethanathousandyearsthisnorthernSilkRoadprovidedarouteforcaravansthatbroughttoChinadates,saffronpowderandpistachionutsfromPersia;glassbottlesfromEgypt,andmanyotherexpensiveanddesirablegoodsfromotherpartsoftheworld.Andthecaravanswenthomewiththeircamelsandhorsesloadeddownbyboltsofsilkbrocadeandboxesfilledwithlacquerwareandporcelains.

AnotherSilkRoad,documentedinthegeographysectionoftheHistoryofHanDynastywasasearoutethatbeganattheportsofXuwenandHepuontheReizhouPeninsulainSouthChina(nearwhichthecityofBeihaiisnowlocated),passedthroughtheMalaccaStraitandendedinBurmaortheHuangchiKingdomofsouthernIndia.

MoreChineseporcelainsandsilksreachedEuropebythisroutethanbytheoverlandonebecauseofpiratesandstormsatsea.SubsidiarybranchesofthisSilkRoadoftheSeareachedsuchplacesasKorea,Japan,andthePhilippinestoallowfortheexchangeofvariousgoodsnotreadilyavailableoverthelandroute.Forexample,asearlyasthethirdcenturyA.D.,thePhilippineswereshippinggoldtoChinabythisroute.

1.Eachexcavatedwarriori（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

3.Archaeologistsweresurprisedbytheexoticcharacteristicsoftheclaysolderbecause（）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Inthepassage"SilkRoad"refersto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasgivenauniquefacialexpressionandhairstyle

B.wasmadeofstoneorclay

C.waspaintedwithonecolor

D.wasmodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theclaywarriorswereasbigasrealpeople.

B.Solders'longhairwasknottedattherightsideforconvenience.

C.Asolder'sappearancecouldtellwherehewasfrom.

D.Thesoldersrepresentedpeopleofdifferentnationalities.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.nocontactwithforeignersatthattimewasknowntothem

B.noonehadeverseenforeigners

C.noforeignerscametoChinabefore138B.C.

D.norecordofforeignvisitswasavailable

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.moremerchantswerekilledonthesearoute

B.certaingoodsweretooprecioustobetransportedbyland

C.tradebetweenChinaandsoutheastAsiabroughtmoremoneytothegovernment

D.thesearoutewasadvantageousoverthelandroute

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.alandroutebywhichsilkbrocadewastransportedtotheWest

B.anyroutewhichconnectedChinawithothercountries

C.flowofgoodsfromChinatoothercountries

D.caravansthatdidbusinesswithChinaandothercountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)第三段可知，兵馬俑部分人物是模仿陜西中部的當(dāng)?shù)厝耍€有部分是模仿四川、甘肅、少數(shù)民族的人等，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A每一個(gè)士兵都有自己獨(dú)特的面部表情和發(fā)型，正確。

2.根據(jù)一二段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A、C、D均正確，只有選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.”可知，長頭發(fā)的士兵在右邊扎個(gè)結(jié)不是為了方便，而是因?yàn)榍貒硕己茏鹬剡@個(gè)發(fā)型。

3.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.”因?yàn)殚L期以來人們一直認(rèn)為，在如此古老的時(shí)代，沒有來自中國以外的人住在那里。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.最后一段主要講海上絲綢之路相對(duì)于陸上絲綢之路來說要更好一些，它可以交換在陸路上不易獲得的各種貨物，比如黃金。選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.文中的絲綢之路是指任何連接中國和其他國家的線路，選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A絲綢織錦運(yùn)往西部的陸路，除了絲綢織棉還有瓷器等其他東西，除了陸路還有海路，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C商品從中國流向其他國家，還有其他國家運(yùn)來中國的，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D是與中國和其他國家做生意的商隊(duì)，也不正確。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

1.TherecentspeculationincludesthepossibilitythatthefirstlivingcellsmighthavearisenonMars,seedingEarthviathemanymeteoritesthatareknowntotravelfromMarstoourplanet.

2.Veniceinvitesidlenessandstrolling.Itssilenceisrestfulanditssundialsareinscribedwithwords:Icountonlythehappyhours.

3.Failuretogreetapersonyourecognizeortoansweragreetinggiventoyouisanunkindnesstotheotherperson,andverybadmanners.

4.Everythingcanbetakenfromamanbutonething—thefreedomtochoosehisattitud