書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽郵電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

“AngloSaxon”Americans,thoseAmericansofBritishancestry,rarely_1_themselvesasanethnicgroup.First,manyofthemaredescendantsoftheoriginalsettlers.Second,theyarewidely_2_throughoutthenation.Third,theyrange,_3_regardsincome,fromthepoorfarmersandcoalminersoftheAppalachiansinTennessee_4_wealthyoilmeninTexasandthe_5_professionalclassesofNewEngland._6_,the“AngloSaxon”remainthelargestsingleethnicgroupinAmerica,_7_about45%ofthepopulation.

Itwouldbeamistaketoimagine_8_someforeignersdothatAmericansofotherethnicgroupshaveimitatedan“AngloSaxon”wayoflifeor_9_“AngloSaxon”customs.Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury,thepeopleoftheU.S.A.werestillpredominantly“AngloSaxon”,butevenbeforethefloodofnon-“Anglo-Saxon”immigrants,theAmericanswerealready_10_moreAmericanthantheywereBritish.

_11_theirethnicorigins,theAmericansofNewEngland,theMidwest,theFarWest,theSouth,andSouthwestallhavespecialcharacteristicsoftheirregion.Yettheyalsohavecertainthings_12_common.

MostAmericanshavegreatvigorandenthusiasm.Theyprefertodisciplinethemselvesratherthan_13_disciplinedbyothers.Theypridethemselves_14_theirindependence,theirrightto_15_theirownminds.Theyarepreparedtotaketheinitiative,_16_whenthereisariskindoingso.Theyhavecourageanddonot_17_easily.Theywilltakeanysortofjobanywhere_18_beunemployed.Theydonotcaretobelooked_19_bytheGovernment.The_20_Americanchangeshisorherjobnineortentimesduringhisorherworkinglife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thinkabout

B.think

C.thinkof

D.thinkover

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.developed

B.distributed

C.accepted

D.contributed

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.to

C.in

D.with

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.with

C.till

D.to

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.skilled

B.skills

C.non-skilled

D.skilful

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.And

B.Otherwise

C.Nevertheless

D.Despite

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.composing

B.consisting

C.making

D.comprising

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.like

C.how

D.as

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.attempted

B.adapted

C.accumulated

D.adopted

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.well

B.quite

C.far

D.very

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.Whatever

B.What

C.However

D.How

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.on

D.with

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.be

B.is

C.being

D.are

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.for

C.with

D.on

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.makeout

B.makeup

C.makeuse

D.makefor

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.bravely

B.only

C.even

D.not

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.giveaway

B.giveup

C.givein

D.giveoff

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.otherthan

B.morethan

C.ratherthan

D.lessthan

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.after

B.for

C.over

D.out

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.ordinary

B.common

C.equal

D.average

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:A

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:C

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。句意：“盎格魯—撒克遜”美國(guó)人，這些英國(guó)血統(tǒng)的美國(guó)人，很少把自己（）民族。根據(jù)文章句意可以推測(cè)括號(hào)里面的內(nèi)容是填“認(rèn)為”。根據(jù)后面的關(guān)鍵介詞as，我們可知答案選C。thinkofas“把……當(dāng)作；認(rèn)為……是”。

第2題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)展”；B選項(xiàng)“分散，散布”；C選項(xiàng)“接受”；D選項(xiàng)“貢獻(xiàn)”。句意：其次，他們廣泛的（）整個(gè)國(guó)家。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，答案選B選項(xiàng)，盎格魯—撒克遜人廣泛分布于美洲大陸。

第3題:考查固定搭配。該句的關(guān)鍵詞是regard。固定搭配regardas“就……而論”，C，D選項(xiàng)和regard搭配一般需要接to；沒(méi)有toregard這個(gè)搭配，所以B選項(xiàng)不選。

第4題:考查固定搭配。句意：其三，就收入來(lái)說(shuō)，從住在田納西州的阿巴拉契亞山脈的農(nóng)民和礦工（）德州的富有的石油商人……。這里的關(guān)鍵詞是rangefrom“從……到……”，固定搭配是to；所以答案選D。

第5題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“熟練的，有技能的”；B選項(xiàng)“技能，技巧，本領(lǐng)”；C選項(xiàng)“非技巧的”；D選項(xiàng)“熟練的；靈巧的”句意：……從住在田納西州的阿巴拉契亞山脈的農(nóng)民和礦工到德州的富有的石油商人和新英格蘭（）職業(yè)階層。skilled主要指因受過(guò)專門(mén)訓(xùn)練、有豐富的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)從而掌握了某項(xiàng)專門(mén)的技術(shù)。skillful則主要是指人聰明，做事靈巧，這里根據(jù)上文可知填的是有技能的職業(yè)階層，所以這里答案選A。

第6題:考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)“和，并且”；B選項(xiàng)“否則，不然”；C選項(xiàng)“然而，不過(guò)”；D選項(xiàng)“即使，盡管”句意：（），“盎格魯—撒克遜人依然是美國(guó)最大的民族”。這里結(jié)合上下文文意應(yīng)該填C；不能選and是因?yàn)榭崭窈竺嬗袀€(gè)逗號(hào)，除非是非正式文本或者有人談話，否則and不能用逗號(hào)把其與句子分開(kāi)。

第7題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“作曲，構(gòu)成”；B選項(xiàng)“由……組成”；C選項(xiàng)“做……”；D選項(xiàng)“包含，由……組成”。句意：……大概45%的人口。根據(jù)句意，空格應(yīng)填“組成”，而根據(jù)關(guān)鍵介詞about，這里只能選D。A，B選項(xiàng)一般和of搭配，composeof一般用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，consistof一般用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

第8題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)“為了”；B選項(xiàng)“像，如同”；C選項(xiàng)“如何”；D選項(xiàng)as“像……一樣”。句意：如果像一些外國(guó)人那樣想象其他族裔的美國(guó)人模仿了“盎格魯—撒克遜”的生活方式或采用了“盎格魯-撒克遜”的習(xí)俗，那將是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。表示“以某種方式”用as，因此選D。

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“試圖”；B選項(xiàng)“使適應(yīng)”；C選項(xiàng)“積累”；D選項(xiàng)“收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，采取”。句意：……美國(guó)其他民族效仿“盎格魯-撒克遜”的生活方式或者（）“盎格魯—撒克遜”的習(xí)俗。根據(jù)句意D選項(xiàng)符合邏輯，要么就是效仿其生活方式，要么就是采取了該習(xí)俗。

第10題:考查固定搭配。句意：但甚至在非“盎格魯—撒克遜”移民涌入之前，美國(guó)人就已經(jīng)比英國(guó)人更像美國(guó)人了。farmorethan是固定搭配，意為“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)”，因此選C。

第11題:考查連詞辨析。句意：無(wú)論他們的種族起源，新英格蘭、中西部、遠(yuǎn)西、南部和西南部的美國(guó)人都有他們地區(qū)的特點(diǎn)。whatever表示“無(wú)論什么”，因此選A。

第12題:考查固定搭配。句意：但是他們?nèi)匀挥性S多事是相同的。這里根據(jù)固定搭配incommon（相同的），答案應(yīng)該選A。

第13題:考查固定搭配。句意：他們寧愿自律也不愿被人約束。根據(jù)固定搭配prefertodosthratherthan(to)dosth，答案選be動(dòng)詞的原形be，所以選A。

第14題:考查固定搭配。句意：他們自豪于自己的獨(dú)立。根據(jù)固定搭配prideyourselfonsth/ondoingsth“引以為榮”，所以答案選D。

第15題:考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)“辨認(rèn)出”；B選項(xiàng)“組成，構(gòu)成”；C選項(xiàng)“利用”（一般要接of）；D選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致，有助于”。句意：他們自豪于自己的獨(dú)立，他們的（）權(quán)利。根據(jù)固定搭配makeupone’smind“下定決心”。這里要選B。

第16題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)“勇敢的”；B選項(xiàng)“只”；C選項(xiàng)“即使”；D選項(xiàng)“不”句意：他們時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著掌握主動(dòng)權(quán)，（）做這個(gè)的時(shí)候有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)句意，這里填的副詞是C，即使有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也會(huì)想著掌握主動(dòng)權(quán)。

第17題:考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“分發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)“放棄”；C選項(xiàng)“屈服”；D選項(xiàng)“出發(fā)，長(zhǎng)出”。句意：他們有勇氣，不輕易（）。根據(jù)句意，這里答案選C，勇氣對(duì)應(yīng)的是屈服，恒心對(duì)應(yīng)的是放棄。

第18題:考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“除了，不同于”；B選項(xiàng)“不只是”；C選項(xiàng)“而不是；寧可……也不愿”；D選項(xiàng)“少于，不到”。句意：他們會(huì)接受任何地方的任何工作（）失業(yè)。根據(jù)句意，這里答案選C，后面半句是前面半句的對(duì)比說(shuō)明，他們接受任何工作的原因就是不愿意失業(yè)。

第19題:考查固定搭配。這里的考點(diǎn)是look的固定搭配，A選項(xiàng)lookafter“照顧”；B選項(xiàng)lookfor“尋找”；C選項(xiàng)lookover“檢查”；D選項(xiàng)lookout“注意，照料”。句意：他們不在意被政府（）。從句意看，答案選A最合適，美國(guó)人不在意是否被政府照顧到。

第20題:考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)“普通的”；B選項(xiàng)“普通的，平常的”；C選項(xiàng)“平等的”；D選項(xiàng)“平均的”。句意：一個(gè)（）美國(guó)人在他的一生中會(huì)換9-10次工作。ordinary意為“普通的，平淡無(wú)奇的”指“沒(méi)有什么特別的地方”。Weareallordinarypeople.（我們都是普通人）；common意為“共同的，普遍的”Thiscustomisverycommoninthatarea.（這種風(fēng)俗在那個(gè)地方很普遍）；average意為“平均的，中等的，普通的，平常的”anarticleofaveragequality（質(zhì)量一般的貨品）。

2.單選題

Bothcivilizationandculturearefairlymodernwords,havingcomeintoprominentuseduringthe19thcenturybyanthropologists,historians,andliteraryfigures.Therehasbeenastrongtendencytousetheminterchangeablyasthoughtheymeanthesamething,buttheyarenotthesame.

Althoughmodernintheirusage,thetwowordsderivedfromancientLatin.ThewordcivilizationisbasedontheLatincivis,ofacity.Thuscivilization,initsmostessentialmeaning,istheabilityofpeopletolivetogetherharmoniouslyincities,insocialgroupings.Fromthisdefinitionitwouldseemthatcertaininsects,suchasantsorbees,arealsocivilized.Theyliveandworktogetherinsocialgroups.Sodosomemicroorganisms.Butthereismoretocivilization,andthatiswhatculturebringstoit.So,civilizationisinseparablefromculture.

ThewordcultureisderivedfromtheLatinverbcolere,“totillthesoil”.Butcolerealsohasawiderrangeofmeanings.Itmay,likecivis,meaninhabitingatownorvillage.Butmostofitsdefinitionssuggestaprocessofstartingandpromotinggrowthanddevelopment.Onemaycultivateagarden;onemayalsocultivateone’sinterests,mind,andabilities.Initsmodernusethewordculturereferstoallthepositiveaspectsandachievementsofhumanitythatmakemankinddifferentfromtherestoftheanimalworld.Culturehasgrownoutofcreativity,acharacteristicthatseemstobeuniquetohumanbeings.

Oneofthebasicandbest-knownfeaturesofcivilizationandcultureisthepresenceoftools.Butmoreimportantthantheirsimpleexistenceisthatthetoolsarealwaysbeingimprovedandenlargedupon,aresultofcreativity.Ittookthousandsofyearstogetfromthefirstwheeltothelatest,mostadvancedmodelofautomobile.

Itistheconceptofhumansastoolmakersandimproversthatdifferentiatesthemfromotheranimals.Amonkeymayuseasticktoknockabananafromatree,butthatstickwillnever,throughamonkey’scleverness,bemodifiedintoahookoraladder.Monkeyshaveneverdevisedaspokenlanguage,writtenabook,composedamelody,builtahouse,orpaintedaportrait.Tosaythatbirdsbuildnestsandbeaverstheirdensistomissthepoint.Peopleoncelivedincaves,buttheircleverness,imaginationandcreativityledthemtoprogressbeyondcavestobuildings.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewords“civilization”and“culture”？

2.Accordingtotheauthortheword“civilization”originallyrefersto（）.

3.TheLatinverbcolereoriginallymeans“（）”.

4.Theauthorbelievesthatcreativity（）.

5.Theauthormentionsmonkeysinthelastparagraphtoshowthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareidentical.

B.Theyaredifferentconcepts.

C.Theycanoftenbeusedinterchangeably.

D.Theyaredenieddifferentlybydifferentpeople.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.people’swayoflifeincities.

B.people’sabilitytolivetogetherincities.

C.atypeofsocialorganizations.

D.anadvancedlevelofsociallife.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.liveinacity.

B.developoneself.

C.promotegrowth

D.cultivatetheland

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isauniquefeatureofcivilizedbeings.

B.bringsforththeimprovementoftools.

C.istheresultofhumandevelopment.

D.helpstheadvanceofculture.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.monkeysarethesameasbirds.

B.peopleoncelivedincaveslikemonkeys.

C.monkeyscanneverdevelopintohumanbeings.

D.manisdifferentfromotheranimalssuchasmonkeys.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Therehasbeenastrongtendencytousetheminterchangeablyasthoughtheymeanthesamething,buttheyarenotthesame.”人們經(jīng)常把它們互換使用，就好像它們的意思是一樣的，但其實(shí)它們是不一樣的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Thuscivilization,initsmostessentialmeaning,istheabilityofpeopletolivetogetherharmoniouslyincities,insocialgroupings.”文明從最基本的意義上說(shuō)，是人們?cè)诔鞘谢蛏鐣?huì)團(tuán)體中和諧地生活在一起的能力。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段的第一句可知colere最初的意思是“totillthesoil”，也就是耕耘土地。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Butmoreimportantthantheirsimpleexistenceisthatthetoolsarealwaysbeingimprovedandenlargedupon,aresultofcreativity.”工具總是在不斷改進(jìn)和擴(kuò)大，這是創(chuàng)造性的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Itistheconceptofhumansastoolmakersandimproversthatdifferentiatesthemfromotheranimals.”。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.翻譯題

這次到臺(tái)灣訪問(wèn)交流，雖然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，訪了舊友，交了新知，大家走到一起，談?wù)摰囊粋€(gè)重要話題就是中華民族在21世紀(jì)的強(qiáng)盛。雖然祖國(guó)大陸、臺(tái)灣的青年生活在不同的社會(huì)環(huán)境中，有著各自不同的生活經(jīng)歷，但大家的內(nèi)心都深深銘刻著中華文化優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)的印記，都擁有著振興中華民族的共同理想。

【答案】

AlthoughthiscurrentvisittoTaiwanforexchangewasverycursory,wesawmanyplaces,visitoldfriendsandmakesomenewfriends.ThemostimportanttopicwetalkedaboutwashowtobuildaprosperousChinainthe21swhenwegottogether.TeenagerslivinginourmainlandandTaiwanhavetheirownvariouslifeexperiencebecauseofthedifferentsocialenvironments,butthemarksofoursplendidtraditionsofChinesecultureareengravedintheirinnermosthearts.WeallholdthecommonidealofrevitalizingtheChinesenation.

4.單選題

Theco-operativespiritthatispresentinsuchpack-huntersaswolvesislargelyabsentfromtheworldoftheprimate.Competitivenessanddominanceistheorderofthisday.

Competitioninthesocialhierarchyis,ofcourse,presentinbothgroups,butitislesstemperedbyco-operativeactioninthecaseofmonkeysandapes.Complicated,coordinatedmaneuversarealsounnecessary:sequencesoffeedingactiondonotneedtobestrungtogetherinsuchacomplexway.Theprimatecanlivemuchmorefromminutetominute,fromhandtomouth.

Becausetheprimate'sfoodsupplyisallarounditforthetaking,thereislittleneedtocovergreatdistances.Groupsofwildgorillas,thelargestofthelivingprimates,havebeencarefullystudiedandtheirmovementstraced,sothatwenowknowthattheytravelonaverageaboutathirdofamileaday.Sometimestheymoveonlyafewhundredfeet.Carnivores,bycontrast,mustfrequentlytravelmanymilesonasinglehuntingtrip.Insomeinstancestheyhavebeenknowntotraveloverfiftymilesonahuntingjourney,takingseveraldaysbeforereturningtotheirhomebase.Thisactofreturningtoafixedhomebaseistypicalofthecarnivores,butisfarlesscommonamongstthemonkeysandapes.True,agroupofprimateswillliveinareasonablyclearlydefinedhomerange,butatnightitwillprobablybeddownwhereverithappenstohaveendedupinitsday'smeanderings.Itwillgettoknowthegeneralregioninwhichitlivesbecauseitisalwayswanderingbackandforthacrossit,butiswilltendtousethewholeareainamuchmorehaphazardway.Also,theinteractionbetweenonetroopandthenextwillbelessdefensiveandlessaggressivethanisthecasewithcarnivores.Aterritoryis,bydefinition,adefendedarea,andprimatesarenottherefore,typically,territorialanimals.

Asmallpoint,butonethatisrelevanthere,isthatcarnivoreshavefleasbutprimatesdonot.Monkeysandapesareplaguedbyliceandcertainotherexternalparasites,but,contrarytopopularopinion,theyarecompletelyflealess,foroneverygoodreason.Tounderstandthis,itisnecessarytoexaminethelife-cycleoftheflea.Thisinsectlaysitseggs,notonthebodyofitshost,butamongstthedetritusofitsvictimssleepingquarters.Theeggstakethreedaystohatchintosmall,crawlingmaggots.Theselarvaedonotfeedonblood,butonthewastematterthathasaccumulatedinthedirtofthedenorlair.Aftertwoweekstheyspinacocoonandpupate.Theyremaininthisdormantconditionforapproximatelytwoweeksbeforeemergingasadults,readytohopontoasuitablehostbody.Soforatleastthefirstmonthofitslifeafleaiscutofffromitshostspecies.Itisclearfromthiswhyanomadicmammal,suchasamonkeyorape,isnottroubledbyfleas.Evenifafewstrayfleasdohappentohopontooneandmatesuccessfully,theireggswillbeleftbehindastheprimategroupmoveson,andwhenthepupaehatchtherewillbenohost‘a(chǎn)thome'tocontinuetherelationship.

Thewritersaysofthesociallifeofmonkeysandapesthatthey（）.

1.Accordingtothewriter,gorillas（）.

2.Thewritersaysthatprimatesshowlittlehostility（）.

3.Monkeysandapesarenottroubledbyfleasbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheco-operativespiritpresentinsuchpack-huntersas5.wolvesislargelyabsentfromtheworldoftheprimatesbecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arenotallowedbytheirsocialcodetodominateotherindividualsbeforetheyhavecompetedwitheachother

B.competeduringtheday,butturntoaco-operativepatternwhendarknessfalls

C.havetobeonconstantwatchagainstotherspeciesthatmightdrivethemaway

D.liveinaverycompetitivesociety

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.prefertostayneartheirhome

B.movefromplacetoplacewithinalimitedarea

C.arefollowedwhentheytravelbyotheranimals

D.movearoundlookingforfoodaccordingtoafairlyregularpattern

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.towardssoldiersandotherhumanbeings

B.excepttowardsanimalssuchaslions,leopards,tigersorwildcats

C.unlesstheirownparticularareaisinvaded

D.towardsothergroupsofthesamespeciesofmonkeyorape

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefleas,whenfullydeveloped,arenotnormallywheretheprimatesare

B.theydonotmindthefleas

C.theharmfultypeoffleararelygetsontothem

D.thefleasrelationshipwiththemisimportantbiologically

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wolvesaremoredefensiveandaggressivethanprimates

B.primatesaremorefriendlythanwolves

C.itisnotsodifficultforprimatestoobtainfoodasforwolves

D.primatesarenotterritorialanimals

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Competitioninthesocialhierarchyis,ofcourse,presentinbothgroups,butitislesstemperedbyco-operativeactioninthecaseofmonkeysandapes.當(dāng)然，社會(huì)等級(jí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在兩個(gè)群體中都存在，但在猴子和猿這兩個(gè)群體當(dāng)中，這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)較少因合作行為而緩和?！倍?，在上一段的最后一句中也提及“Competitivenessanddominanceistheorderofthisday.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和統(tǒng)治才是現(xiàn)如今的規(guī)則”。由此可以推斷出，它們都生活在一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“gorillas”定位到第三段。第三段首句提及“因?yàn)殪`長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的食物來(lái)源在它們周圍，所以它們幾乎不需要走很遠(yuǎn)的路?！币吧笮尚墒乾F(xiàn)存靈長(zhǎng)類中最大的一種，而且下文還提及，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物會(huì)生活在一個(gè)相當(dāng)明確的家庭范圍內(nèi)。由此可推斷，大猩猩它們會(huì)在有限的區(qū)域內(nèi)從一個(gè)地方移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)地方，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“theinteractionbetweenonetroopandthenextwillbelessdefensiveandlessaggressivethanisthecasewithcarnivores.與食肉動(dòng)物相比，一個(gè)群體和另一個(gè)群體之間的互動(dòng)會(huì)降低防御性和攻擊性?！币簿驼f(shuō)，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物對(duì)其他群體中的同類，如猴子或猿類，不會(huì)表現(xiàn)出很大的敵意，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。原文最后一段提及，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物身上沒(méi)有跳蚤是和跳蚤的生命周期相關(guān)。這種昆蟲(chóng)并不在寄主的身體上產(chǎn)卵，而是在寄主睡覺(jué)的地方的碎屑中產(chǎn)卵。至少在跳蚤生命的第一個(gè)月里，它是與宿主隔絕的。后面又以猴子進(jìn)行了舉例，即使有幾只游離的跳蚤碰巧跳到其中一只猴子身上并成功交配，它們的卵也會(huì)留在這個(gè)靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物群體的身后，當(dāng)蛹孵化時(shí)，沒(méi)有宿主在“家里”能夠繼續(xù)這種關(guān)系了。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)跳蚤發(fā)育完全后，通常已經(jīng)不在靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物所在的位置了，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“社會(huì)等級(jí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在兩個(gè)群體中都存在，但在猴子和猿這兩個(gè)群體當(dāng)中，這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)較少因合作行為而緩和。復(fù)雜的、協(xié)調(diào)的動(dòng)作也是不必要的：喂食動(dòng)作的順序不需要以如此復(fù)雜的方式串在一起。這種靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物可以現(xiàn)掙現(xiàn)吃，滿足目前對(duì)食物的需要?！庇纱丝芍?，靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物獲得食物并不像狼那么困難，所以像狼這樣的群體捕獵者身上所表現(xiàn)出的合作精神在靈長(zhǎng)類世界中是很少見(jiàn)的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.單選題

Theemployermust（

）thattheapplicationsfortheposthavetheproperqualifications.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.justify

B.verify

C.warrant

D.perceive

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。justify“證明······是正當(dāng)?shù)模惶妗ぁぁぁぁぁまq護(hù)”；verify“核實(shí)；查證”；warrant“保證；擔(dān)?！?；perceive“察覺(jué)，感覺(jué)”。句意：雇主必須核實(shí)針對(duì)該崗位的申請(qǐng)都有適合的資質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Thenotionthatinanimateobjectsaresubjecttotheirownexperiencemaysoundabsurd;anditis.However,thereasontodismissitisnotintuition—conditionedasthelatterisbyunexaminedculturalassumptions—butsimplelogic.（1）

Yousee,themovementfrom“consciousnessistheintrinsicnatureofthephysicalworld”to“subatomicparticlesareconscious”reliesonaflawedlogicalbridge:itattributestothatwhichexperiencesastructurediscernibleonlyintheexperienceitself.

Theconceptofsubatomicparticlesismotivatedbyexperimentswhoseoutcomesareaccessibletousonlyintheformofconsciousperception.（2）

Evenwhendelicateinstrumentationisused,theoutputofthisinstrumentationisonlyavailabletousasperception.Thoseexperimentsshowthattheimagesonthescreenofperceptioncanbedividedupintoever-smallerelements,untilwereachalimit.Atthislimit,wefindthesmallestdiscernibleconstituentsoftheimages,whicharethusakintopixels.Assuch,subatomicparticlesarethe“pixels”ofexperience,notnecessarilyoftheexperiencer.Thelatterdoesnotfollowfromtheformer.

（3）Therefore,thatlivingbodiesaremadeofsubatomicparticlesdoesnotnecessarilysayanythingaboutthestructureoftheexperiencer:abodyisitselfanimageonthescreenofperceptionandsowillnecessarilybe“pixelated”insofarasitisperceived.Suchpixilationreflectstheidiosyncrasiesofthescreenofperception,notnecessarilythestructureofthesubjectitself.Asananalogy,thepixelatedimageofapersononatelevisionscreenreflectstheidiosyncrasiesofthetelevisionscreen;itdoesnotmeanthatthepersonherselfismadeupofpixels.

Ithussubmitthatconsciousnessisindeedtheintrinsicnatureofthephysicalworld,butsubatomicparticlesandotherinanimateobjectsarenotconscioussubjects.（4）

Afterall,asFreyaMatthewspointedout,theboundariesofinanimateobjectsaremerelynominal—wheredoestheriverstopandtheoceanbegin?Whereasthoseofconscioussubjectsareunambiguouslydeterminedby,forinstance,therangeofthesubjects'internalperceptions.Soinanimateobjectscannotbeconscioussubjects.

Withinanimateobjectsexcluded,onlylivingorganismsandtheinanimateuniverseasawholecanbeconscioussubjects.Thisway,asalivingnervoussystemistheextrinsicappearanceofanorganism'sinnerexperiences,sotheinanimateuniverseasawholeistheextrinsicappearanceofuniversalinnerexperiences.Circumstantially,theinanimateuniverseatitslargestscaleshasindeedbeenfoundtostructurallyresembleanervoussystem.（5）

Underthisview,thereisnothingitfeelsliketobeaspoonorastone,forthesamereasonthatthereisnothingitfeelsliketobe—atleastasfarasyoucanassessthroughintrospection—oneofyourneuronsinandofitself.Thereisonlysomethingitfeelsliketobeyournervoussystemasawhole—thatis,you.Analogously,thereisonlysomethingitfeelsliketobetheinanimateuniverseasawhole.

【答案】1.仔細(xì)想想，從“意識(shí)是物理世界的本質(zhì)”到“亞原子粒子有自由意志”的轉(zhuǎn)變建立在一個(gè)有瑕疵的邏輯之上。這種有瑕疵的邏輯屬于那種體驗(yàn)者，它將本身視作一種只有在體驗(yàn)中才能辨別的結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.即使（在實(shí)驗(yàn)中）我們使用了精密的儀器，但儀器的輸出結(jié)果也只能通過(guò)感知的方式獲取。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，我們的感知之屏上放映的圖像可以進(jìn)一步分化成更小的成分，直到不可再分。

3.因此，生命體是由亞原子粒子構(gòu)成，這并不一定說(shuō)明了體驗(yàn)者的結(jié)構(gòu)。一個(gè)身體本身就是感知屏幕上的一個(gè)圖像，因此只要它被感知到，就必然會(huì)被“像素化”。

4.畢竟，正如弗萊婭?馬修斯所指出的那樣，無(wú)生命物體的邊界只是象征性的——河流止于何處，海洋源于何處?而那些有意識(shí)的主體的界限則是明確的，可以由主體的內(nèi)部感知范圍確定。

5.以這種觀點(diǎn)看，沒(méi)有勺子或石頭的內(nèi)在體驗(yàn)，同樣，你的神經(jīng)元本身也不具有什么內(nèi)在體驗(yàn)，至少你通過(guò)自省就可以察覺(jué)到。

7.單選題

Thisproductis（）tochangewithoutnotice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.despite

B.evil

C.subject

D.crust

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。besubjectto“受支配，從屬于；常遭受……；有……傾向的”。A選項(xiàng)despite的常用搭配有indespiteof/despiteof不管，不顧；B選項(xiàng)evil的常用搭配有speakevilof說(shuō)壞話；誹謗/doevil作惡；為非作歹；干壞事；造孽；D選項(xiàng)crust“地殼，地表，堅(jiān)硬外殼”，常用固定搭配很少；句意：本產(chǎn)品（）更換，恕不另行通知。根據(jù)句意可知C選項(xiàng)更符合句意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Somesociologistsareworriedaboutthe（）throughoutthewholesociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fraudulent

B.generous

C.dynamic

D.compulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fraudulent“欺詐的”；generous“慷慨的”；dynamic“動(dòng)態(tài)的”;compulsive“極有趣的”。句意：一些社會(huì)學(xué)家擔(dān)心整個(gè)社會(huì)的欺詐問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Itwas__________tocontinuethenegotiationsincebothsideslackthesincerity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fertile

B.futile

C.fugitive

D.fussy

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fertile“多產(chǎn)的，富饒的”；futile“無(wú)效的，無(wú)用的”；fugitive“逃亡的，無(wú)常的”；fussy“大驚小怪的，愛(ài)挑剔的”。句意：因?yàn)殡p方都缺少真誠(chéng)，繼續(xù)談判是無(wú)效的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Althoughthereareoccasionaloutbreaksofgunfire,wecanreportthattherebellionhasinthemainbeen（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.canceled

B.destroyed

C.suppressed

D.restrained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:雖然偶爾會(huì)爆發(fā)槍聲，但我們可以報(bào)道，叛亂基本上已被鎮(zhèn)壓。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。cancel取消;刪去；destroy破壞;消滅;毀壞;suppress抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓；restrain抑制；約束。該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是therebellion(這場(chǎng)叛亂)，因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Themarksmanwaitedforthepheasantto（）cover.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.seek

B.break

C.get

D.take

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)seek“尋求；尋找；探索；搜索”；B選項(xiàng)break“打破；骨折；違犯；弄壞；失靈；打斷；終止”；C選項(xiàng)get“使得；獲得；受到；變成；成為；變得；到達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)take“拿，??；帶去；使達(dá)到；偷走；奪取；買下”。根據(jù)固定搭配breakcover“跳出來(lái)；跳出躲藏處；從隱藏處出來(lái)”可知該題選break。句意：狙擊手等著這只野雞從隱蔽處出來(lái)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

It’ssaidthat（）isgoingtogiveusalecture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anAmericanfamousyoung

B.afamousAmericanyoung

C.afamousyoungAmerican

D.ayoungfamousAmerican

【答案】C

【解析】句意:據(jù)說(shuō)，一個(gè)著名的美國(guó)年輕人會(huì)給我們演講。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樾稳菰~的順序位置。famous是描繪性形容詞，應(yīng)放在前面；American指的是國(guó)籍，表示“美國(guó)人”，應(yīng)該放在young之后。因此選C項(xiàng)。

13.案例題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，以前的NBA講堂是典型的男性，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和西方人為主，而現(xiàn)在也能看到很多女性，還有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家和不同種族的人。這說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在商學(xué)院學(xué)生人口的特點(diǎn)是多樣性，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.

根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前，候選人的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相當(dāng)狹窄，比如先前的學(xué)業(yè)和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，以及分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力。說(shuō)明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社會(huì)經(jīng)歷和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

4.

根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，商學(xué)院不應(yīng)僅僅從銀行、咨詢和工業(yè)等傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)中挑選候選人。他們還應(yīng)該尋找具有政治科學(xué)、創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)、歷史或哲學(xué)等領(lǐng)域背景的個(gè)人，這些領(lǐng)域?qū)⑹顾麄兡軌驅(qū)⑸虡I(yè)決策置于更廣泛的背景中。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司對(duì)更多的合作管理模式越來(lái)越感興趣，選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

Practitionersoflawandmedicineareesteemedinmanycountrieswhichseemstoindicatethat（

）dependsonprofessionortitle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prestige

B.superiority

C.privilege

D.merit

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。prestige“聲望；聲譽(yù)”；superiority“優(yōu)越；優(yōu)越性”；privilege“特權(quán)；優(yōu)待”；merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；價(jià)值”。句意：法律和醫(yī)生從業(yè)者在許多國(guó)家都受