高中有效教學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)單高一年級英語組設(shè)計第頁必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知識拓展評價單課題：languagepointsI.時文閱讀Anearthquakeofmagnitude6.8struckamountainousareainthewestofChina'sSichuanprovince.Theepicentre（震中）waslocatedatthetownofLudingatadepthof16kilometers,about180kmsouthwestofSichuan'scapitalChengdu.SomenetizensfromasfarawayasChangshaandXi'ansaidtheyhadfeltthequakeofSichuan.What'sworse,minuteslater,asecondquakewithamagnitudeof4.2struckthecityofYa'annearLuding.

Istherealinkbetweenunusualanimalbehaviorsandearthquakeevents?

In2020,researchersmanagedtopreciselymeasureincreasedactivityinagroupoffarmanimalspriortoseismic（地震的）activity.Thoughadefinitivelinkhasstillnotbeenproved,thescientistssaytheirfindingsareasignificantstepforwardinthesearchofone.II.單元核心知識點slide(slid,slid)(1)vi/vt（使）滑行，滑動;（使）悄悄移動/到溜進(jìn)溜出（…）Heslidinto/outoftheroomwhilenoonewaslooking.slide（sth）into/out(of…)把塞進(jìn)/掏出Heslidthemoneyintohispocket.(2)[C]幻燈片I’mstillworkingontheslidesformypresentation.2.flood(1)vi.淹沒，大量涌入vt使灌滿水；淹沒涌進(jìn)Telephonecallscamefloodinginfromalloverthecountry.Refugeescontinuetofloodintoneighbouringcountries.Ifthepipebursts,itcouldfloodthewholehouse.(2)[C]洪水，水災(zāi)；大量大量的We’vehadafloodofinquiries.3.rescue(1)[C/U]營救；救援rescueteam/workers/boatcometo/gotosb.'srescue=rescuesb(2)vi營救；救援rescuesb./sth.from...Duringthedisaster,therescueteamwillcometomanypeople'srescue,nevergivingupanyhopeofrescuingthemfromdanger.4.damage(1)[U]損壞；破壞cause/dodamagetoDamagecausedbytheearthquakeisveryterrible.Eatingtoomuchmeatatatimewillcause/dodamagetoyourstomach.(2)vt損害；破壞damageone'sreputation/healthdestroyv.破壞（不能修復(fù)）毀壞n.destructiondamage損壞（還可修復(fù)）5.death[C]死亡數(shù)，死亡人口[U]死亡dievdeadadjAtrafficaccidentoccurredinthestreetyesterday,causingtwodeaths.dieagloriousdeathburythedeadbesentenced/burnt/starved/frozentodeath6.affectvt影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動被感動Thenoisefromthecomingandgoingcarsoftheroadaffectedourstudy.Thediseaseisbeginningtoaffecthereyesight.Mostpeoplepresentatthemeetingweregreatly/deeplyaffectedbyhisspeech.effect[C/U]效果，影響havean/noeffect...[C/U]結(jié)果causeandeffect因與果[U]效力，有效ineffect實行，生效affection[C/U]喜愛，鐘愛Theyfeltagreataffectionforher.7.shelter(1)[U]避難，保護[C]避難所takeshelterfromundertheshelteroffood,clothing,andshelter衣，食，住[U]Peopletookshelterfromtheshowerinthestore.Theyofferedatemporaryshelterforthehomelessman.(2)vt.保護；掩蔽vi.躲避shelter...from...shelterfrom...Thetreesshelterthefieldfromthecoldwind.Wesatintheshade,shelteringfromthesun.8.ruin(1)[U]毀滅；荒廢；破產(chǎn)theruinofcivilization[C]（常用復(fù)數(shù)）廢墟，殘骸，遺跡be/lieinruinsThewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight.(2)vt破壞，毀壞ruinsth/sbruinone'shealth/fame/futureHeavysmokingruinsyourhealth,soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.9.shock(1)[U]休克；打擊；震驚；[C]令人震驚的事inshockHelookedatmeinshock.Hisdeathwasagreatshocktousall.(2)vt/vi(使)震驚；震動shocksb使某人震驚beshockedat/by對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.做某事很震驚beshockedthat...很震驚…Iwasshockedtohearthatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.Thenewsofhissuddendeathissoshockingthateveryoneisshockedatit.10.trap(1)vt使落入險境；使陷入圈套betrappedintrapsbintodoingsth.Theytrappedhimintomakingawrongdecision.(2)[C]陷阱，困境setatrapfallintoatrap11.buryvt埋葬；安葬buryone'sfaceinhands雙手掩面buryoneselfin/beburiedinBuryingherfaceinherhands,thelittlegirlwasafraidtoseetheterriblescene.Buriedinhisstudy,hedidn’tnoticeme.12.breathevi/vt呼吸breathe(sth)in/out吸氣（吸入sth）/呼氣（呼出sth）Thedoctortoldmetobreatheinandthenbreatheout.breath[C/U]takeadeepbreathholdone’sbreathoutofbreathtakeone’sbreathaway（漂亮的東西或令人激動的事情）令人屏息breathtakingadj.令人屏息的，令人驚嘆的13.effort(1)[C/U]努力sparenoeffort(s)todosthmakean/everyefforttodosthIdobelievethatallyoureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.AsfarasI'mconcerned,youshouldmakeagreaterefforttostudyhard.I'mmakingeveryefforttoachievemylifedream.(2)[U]力氣，精力Ittakesefforttodosth做某事費力Ittakesalotofefforttofindhim.14.suffervt遭受；蒙受(suffer不用于被動語態(tài))sufferpains/hardshipThecompanysufferedagreatlossasaresultoftheaccident.vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦sufferfromaheadache/badcoldAsfarasIknow,hehaseversufferedfromaseriousillness.sufferer[C]受苦者，受難者，患病者suffering[C/U](肉體或內(nèi)心的)痛苦，苦難15.supply(1)[C/U]供應(yīng)/給(量)Ourwoodsupplyprovednotenough.[pl]日用（必須）品school/medicalsupplies(2)vt供應(yīng)；供給supplysthsbsupplysbsthThegovernmenthassuppliedplentyoffoodandclothestothelocalpeoplesincetheearthquakevidesbsth/providesthsboffersbsth/offersthsb16.survive(1)vi/vt幸存(于)survive(in)Herparentsdiedintheaccident,butshesurvived.Hesurvived(in)theearthquake.(2)vt比…活得長Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.survival(1)[U]幸存；繼續(xù)生存thesurvivalofthefittest(2)[C]幸存物；殘存物Theceremonyisasurvivalfrompre-Christiantimes.survivorn.幸存者，生還者17.power[C/U]權(quán)力；能力，本領(lǐng)havethepowertodosthin/withinone'spowerbeyond/outofone'spower政權(quán)inpower執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)(強調(diào)狀態(tài))cometopower[U]能，動力powerfailure[C]大國，強國ameetingofworldpowers[U]威力，力量thepoweroftheexplosionvt給（機器）提供動力solar-powered太陽能驅(qū)動的Thecameraispoweredbyasmallbattery.powerfuladj強大的，強有力的powerfulnationsapowerfulargument有說服力的論據(jù)18.calm(1)vt&vi(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定calmdowncalmsbdownCalmdown!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Calmyourselfdown;youshouldnotbesoexcited.(2)adj平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的keepcalm19.aid(1)[C]輔助設(shè)備teachingaids教具[U]幫助；援助；資助firstaidkitdo/offer/give/perform/carryoutfirstaidtosbinaidof...用以幫助…come/gotoone’saidwiththeaidofsb.=withsb'saidTheyraisemoneyinaidofthehomeless.HewasabletoprovetheexistenceofJackwiththeaidofphotos.(2)vt幫助；援助aidsbindoingsth/aidsbtodosth/aidsbwithsthOnsundaysweshouldaidourparentstodohousework.20.crash(1)[C]撞車事故，飛機失事(2)vt/vi碰撞，撞擊；（電腦）崩潰；（飛機）墜毀Filescanbelostifthesystemsuddenlycrashes.Theplanecrashedsecondsafterthepilotreportedenginetrouble.Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.（撞到…上）21.sweep（swept.swept）vt/vi打掃，清掃sweep(up)thebrokenglassShewassweeping(up)intheyard.vt/vi（風(fēng)、浪、火）掃過,掠過；風(fēng)行,迅速傳播Thunderstormssweptthecountry.Awaveofnationalismsweptthecountry.Awaveoffearsweptoverhim.sweepawayManyhousesweresweptawaybythefloods.22.strike(struck,struck)(1)vt[正式用語]打；撞擊Theshipstruckarock.Theboyfell,strikinghisheadontheedgeofthetable.(2)vi/vt(時鐘等)敲響；報(時)Thechurchclockbegantostriketwelve.vi/vt(不幸等)突然降臨；突然襲擊bestruckbyLastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods.Shewaspracticingsurfingwhenasharkstruck.(4)vt[不用于進(jìn)行時](使)突然想到/意識到Thesolutionstruckmeimmediately.Itstrikessb+that從句Itstruckmethatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.(5)vt給…以某種印象Wewerestruckbyherkindness.Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasmofthelocalpeople.(6)vi罷工Thebusdriverswerestrikingformoremoney.strikeabalanceHefounditdifficulttostrikeabalancebetweenhisfamilyandhiswork.strikeadealstrikefear/terrorintosb'sheartstrike[C]&[U]罷工goonstrikestrickenadj遭受…的，受…之困的earthquake-strickenareas地震災(zāi)區(qū)striker[C]罷工者；(足球的)前鋒；(棒球的)擊球手strikingadj驚人的；顯著的；引人注目的astrikingcontrast鮮明的對比23.delivervt./vi.遞送，傳達(dá)deliversth.tosb.Leafletshavebeendeliveredtoeveryhousehold.Wepromisetodeliverwithin48hours.vt發(fā)表Shedeliveredalectureongeneticengineering.vt接生deliverababydelivery[U/C]遞送，遞送的物品adeliveryserviceadeliveryman24.summary[C]總結(jié)，概括，概要Thefollowingisasummaryofourconclusions.I’vegivenabriefsummaryonaseparatesheet.我把摘要寫在單獨一頁上。insummary=tosumupInsummary,thiswasasuccessfulperformance.adj.總結(jié)性的，概括的，概要的makeasummaryreportsummarizevt/i總結(jié)，概括，概述=sum(sth.)up25.asif[P50教材原文]Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!asif意為“仿佛；好像；似乎”，相當(dāng)于asthough，常用在動詞look,seem，feel等詞之后引導(dǎo)表語從句。如果從句表示的情況接近事實，從句用陳述語氣；反之，如果從句表示的情況與事實相反，或者是不可能發(fā)生，從句用虛擬語氣。Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.(1)asif/asthough也常引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，如果從句所表達(dá)的不是真實情況，常用虛擬語氣。Shetreatshimasifhewereastranger.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?(2)asif狀從的省略Heraisedhishandasif(hewas)tocommandsilence.26.[教材P54]IwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingTestmyhome.bedoing…when…正在做…這時beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做…這時…h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛剛做完…這時…IwaswatchingTVwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.Shewasaboutto/wasonthepointofgoingoutwhenthetelephonerang.Ihadjustcomeoutofthekitchenwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.27.[教材P55]Asummaryshouldbearoundonethirdthelengthoftheoriginaltext.倍數(shù)的三種表達(dá)方法（1）倍數(shù)+as···as···（2）倍數(shù)+比較級+than···（3）倍數(shù)+thesize/length/width/height/age等名詞+of···Thisballisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisballisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.Thisballisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.Themousecaneatthreetimesitsweight.III.詞形轉(zhuǎn)化1.v摧毀，毀滅→（過去式）→n破壞，毀滅→adj破壞性的，毀滅性的2.vt疏散，撤出vi.撤離→n疏散，撤出，撤退3.n電，電能→adj電的，電動的，用電的→adj與電有關(guān)的→adj電子的4.n死；死亡→vt/vi死→adj.死的5.n震驚；令人震驚的事；休克→vt(使)震驚→adj震驚的→adj令人震驚的6.vi/vt呼吸→n呼吸7.vt/vi復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→n振興；復(fù)蘇8.vi/vt統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體→adj.聯(lián)合的9.n.智慧，才智adj智慧的，明智的10.vt遭受；蒙受vi(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→n苦難11.vi/vt(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出→n爆發(fā)12.vi生存；存活vt幸存；艱難度過→n幸存者；生還者→n幸存13.n電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→adj強有力的；有影響力的14.vt/vi傳達(dá)；遞送vt發(fā)表→n遞送15.n總結(jié)；概括；概要→vt總結(jié)；概括16.n影響；結(jié)果；效果→adj有效的17.n長；長度→vi/vt(使)變長→adj長的18.adj意識到的，知道的→n意識，知道19.adj安全的→n安全20.v緩和，減輕；使松一口氣；使輕松→n減輕，緩和；寬慰21.v給予（某人）動機，刺激，激發(fā)→n動機Ⅳ.教材基礎(chǔ)短語及表達(dá)1._______________自然災(zāi)害2._______________提高意識3._______________安全措施4._______________救災(zāi)工作5._______________在洪災(zāi)區(qū)6._______________救援隊7._______________________