2012年英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試(理工類A級(jí)第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（1~15題，每題1分，共15分下面每個(gè)句子中1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)有括號(hào)，請(qǐng)為每處括號(hào)部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近HercommentsaboutmenareutterlyA. B. C. WealmostranintoaRolls-RoycethatpulledoutinfrontofuswithoutA. B. C. D.HehasbeengrantedasyluminA. B. C. D.WhenIheardthenoiseinthenextroom,Icouldn’tresisthavingaA. B. C. D.TheweatherwascrispandclearandyoucouldseethemountainsfiftyA. B. C. D.HewaswearyoftheconstantbattlebetweenA. B. C. D.Ouraimwastoupdatethehealthservice,andweA. B. C. D.Newbornbabiescandiscriminatebetweenaman'sandawoman'sA. B. C. Everyweekthemagazinepresentstheprofileofawell-known A. B. C. D.NothingwouldinducemetovoteforhimA. B. C. D.HeshiftedhispositionalittleinordertoalleviatethepaininhisA. B. C. D.ThephotographsevokedstrongmemoriesofourholidayinA. B. C. D.ShemovesfromoneexoticlocationtoA. B. C. D.ThewallsaremadeofhollowconcreteA. B. C. D.AlltheflatsinthebuildinghadthesameA. B. C. D.第二部分：閱讀判斷（16~22題，每題1分，共7分的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Europa’swateryEuropa,oneofJupiter’s63knownmoons,looksbrightandicyonthesurface.appearancescanbedeceiving:withinitscracked,frigids,Europaprobablyhidesgiantpoolsofliquidwater.Wherescientistsfindliquidwater,theyhopetofindlifeaswell.Sincewecan’tgodivingintoEuropa’sdepthsjustyet,scientistsinsteadhavetoinvestigatethemoon’ssurfaceforcluestowhatliesbeneath.Inanewstudy,scientistsinvestigatedonegroupofstrangeicepatternsonEuropaandconcludedthattheformationsmarkthetopofanundergroundpoolthatholdsasmuchwaterastheU.S.GreatLakes.PicturesofEuropa,whichisslightlysmallerthanEarth’smoon,clearlyshowatangled,icymishmashoflinesandcracksknownas“chaosterrains.”ThesechaoticplacescovermorethanhalfofEuropa.Formorethan10years,scientistshavewonderedwhatcausestheformations.Thenewstudysuggeststhattheyarisefromthemixingofvastundergroundstoresofliquidwaterwithicymaterialnearthesurface.ForscientistswhothatEuropaalsomaybehidinglifebeneathitsicysurface,thenewsaboutthenewlakeisexciting.“Itwouldbegreatiftheselakesharboredlife,”BritneySidt,aplanetaryscientistwhoworkedonthestudy,toldScienceNews.“Buteveniftheydidn’t,theysaythatEuropaisngsomethinginterestingandactiverightnow.”Sidt,ascientistattheUniversityofTexasatAustin,andhercolleagueswantedtoknowhowchaosterrainsform.Sincetheycouldn’trockettoEuropatoseeforthemselves,theysearchedforsimilarformationshereonEarth.TheystudiedcollapsediceshelvesinAntarcticaandicycapsonvolcanoesinIceland.ThosefeaturesonEarthformedwhenliquidwatermixedwithice.ThescientistsnowsomethingsimilarmightbehappeningonEuropa:thataswaterandiceofdifferenttemperaturesmingleandshift,thesurfacefractures.Thiswouldexplainthejumbledicesculptures.“FracturingcatastrophicallydisruptstheiceinthesamewaythatitcausesiceshelvestocollapseonEarth,”SidttoldScienceNews.SheandherteamfoundthattheprocesscouldbecausingchaosterrainstoformquicklyonEuropa.Thenewstudysuggeststhatonthismoon,elementssuchasoxygenfromthesurfaceblendwiththedeepbodiesofwater.Thatmixturemaycreateanenvironmentthatsupportslife.TheliquidwaterofanundergroundpoolofEuropaisestimatedasmuchasoftheUSGreatlakes. B. C.NotThestrangeicepatternsonEuropaareformedasaresultofanundergroundwater B. C.NotEuropaisthemostrecentlydiscoveredoneamong B. C.NotThesizeofEuropaisabitlargerthanthatofEarth’s B. C.NotSidtandhercolleaguesarethefirstgroupofscientistsstudying B. C.NotTheformationsonEuropa’ssurfaceareratheruniqueinthe B. C.NotTheexistenceofliquidwaterisanecessityforalife-support B. C.Not第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）23~266個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；（2）27~306個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)LearnaboutNobleGases（惰性氣體Haveyoueverriddenonaballoon?Manytouristspotsofferballoonridesinorderforpeopletoseethebeautyofaplacefromabove.Aballooncontainsanoblegascalledhelium(氦).Formerly,balloonscontainedhydrogenbuthydrogenisveryflammableanddangerouswhenuncontrolled.Therefore,peopleshiftedtohelium,whichissafer.Heliumissafebecauseithasthepropertiesofthenoblegases.Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn’tchemicallyreactatall.Forthisreason,theywerecalledinertgases(惰性氣體).TheywerealsolistedunderGroup0intheoldperiodictablebecausescientistsbelievedthatthegaseshavezerovalence(價(jià))electronsintheirouters.Thiswaslaterproventobeuntruewhensomenoblegascompoundswerediscovered.Thegasesareelements,whichsharesimilarproperties.Thesepropertiesincludebeingmonoatomic,colorless,odorless,beingabletoconductelectricity,andhavinglowchemicalreactivity.NoblegasesincludeHelium,Neon,Argon,Krypton,XenonandRadon.TheseareallfoundinGroup18,intherightmostcolumnoftheperiodictable.Ifyoulookattheperiodictable,youwillnoticethattheseelementsaretheonlyones,whichdonothaveacharge.Heliumhasthelowestmolecular(分子的)weightwhileRadonistheheaviest.Rememberthatchemicalreactionsoccurbecauseatomshavevalenceelectrons,whichelectronsintheirouters.Whentheoutersis“unfilled”ortherequirednumberofelectronsisnotyetcomplete,theatomismorereactive.Noblegaseshaveafullouters,meaningthattheyhavecompleteelectronsintheirouters.Thiscompletenumbervaries.Forinstance,theoutersofHeliumhas2valenceelectronswhiletheoutersofXenonhas8electrons.Nowadays,thereremainstobeafewnoblegasesbecauseofthelowchemicalreactivityofthesesaidgases.whatistheperiodicwhatistheperiodicWhatarenobleWhatcausesthelowchemicalreactivityofnobleHowwerenoblegasesHowwerenoblegasesunderstoodinthewhataretheapplicationsofnobleparagraphparagraphparagraphparagraphNoblegasesarenotveryAmongtheelementsofnoblegasesHeliumisTherequirednumberofelectronsinnoblegases’outersMRImaymakeoperatingonthe第四部分：閱讀理解（31~45題，每題3分，共45分第一篇GrossNationalHappinessInthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist()culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutanto emodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stableernment.NowthereissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Teenty-fivepercentofthelandhas nationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalso eademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughevisionandinternet.Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.WhowasJigmeSingyeAABuddhistAAApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforTomakeitspopulationTokeepitseparatefromtheTokeepitstraditionsandToencourageitspeopletogetAcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPsellingmorespendingmorespendinglessprovidingmoreAccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifhavenewhaveagood,stablecanchangetheirhavemoreTodaymanycountriesusingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirworkingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasuretakingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialtryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasureDownloadKnowledgeDirectlytoYourForthefirsttime,researchershavebeenabletohackintotheprocessoflearninginthebrain,usinginducedbrainpatternstocreatealearnedbehavior.It’snotquiteasadvancedasaninstantkung-fudownload,andit’snotassleekascognitiveinception,butit’sstillanimportantfindingthatcouldleadtonewteachingandrehabilitationtechniques.Futuretherapiescoulddecodethebrainactivitypatternsofanathleteoramusician,andusethemasabenarkforteachinganother anewactivity,accordingtotheresearchers.ScientistsfromBostonUniversityandATRComputationalNeuroscienceLaboratoriesinKyotousedfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging,orfMRI,tostudythelearningprocess.Theywereexaminingtheadultbrain’saptitudeforvisualperceptuallearning,orVPL,inwhichrepetitivetrainingimprovesa ’sperformanceonaparticulartask.Whetheradultscandothisaswellasyoungpeoplehasbeenanongoingdebateinneuroscience.LedbyBUneuroscientistTakeoWatanabe,researchersusedamethodcalleddecodedfMRIneu-rofeedbacktostimulatethevisualcortex.Firsttheyshowedparticipantscirclesatdifferentorientations.ThentheyusedfMRItowatchtheparticipants’brainactivity.Theresearcherswerethenabletotraintheparticipantstorecreatethisvisualcortexactivity.ThevolunteerswereagainplacedinMRImachinesandaskedtovisualizeshapesofcertaincolors.Theparticipantswereaskedto“somehowregulateactivityintheposteriorpartofthebrain”tomakeasolidgreendiscaslargeastheycould.Theyweretoldtheywouldgetapaidbonusproportionaltothesizeofthisdisc,buttheyweren’ttoldanythingaboutwhatthediscmeant.Theresearcherswatchedtheparticipants’brainactivityandmonitoredtheactivationpatternsintheirvisualcortices.“Participantscanbetrainedtocontroltheoverallmeanactivationofanentirebrainregion,”thestudyauthorswrite,“ortheactivationinoneregionrelativetothatinanotherregion.”Thisworkedevenwhentestsubjectswerenotawareofwhattheywerelearning,theresearcherssaid.“Themostsurprisingthinginthisstudyisthatmereinductionsofneuralactivationpatternscorrespondingtoaspecificvisualfeatureledtovisualperformanceimprovementonthevisualfeature,withoutpresentingthefeatureorsubjects'awarenessofwhatwastobelearned,”Watanabesaidinastatement.Watanabeandcolleaguessaidthismethodcanbeapowerful“Itcan‘incept’a toacquirenewlearning,skills,ormemory,orpossiblytorestoreskillsorknowledgethathasbeendamagedthroughaccident,disease,oraging,without’sawarenessofwhatislearnedormemorized,”theyWhathaveresearchersbeenabletodowiththehelpoftheDiscover ’slearningprocessintheMake knowhowtodosomethingwithoutSetupdifferentlearningpatternsfordifferentEnablepeopletolearnkungfuWhathelps todoaparticulartaskbetterinvisualperceptualSelf-WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheexperimentTheylearnedhowtocontrolMRLmachinesintheTheywerenottoldwhattobelearnedintheTheywerepaidtotakepartintheTheywerenotcooperativeintheThefindingofthestudyismostsignificantinthatisfullofishappensesWhoaremostlikelytobenefitfromtheSeniorSmallButOnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmightyescopeintospace.TheescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjects2intheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsareborn.“I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,”saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.AftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentireThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor“Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation6.Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumlight7that esvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they'reprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsother escopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace—buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sothey'redifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofBrowndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars—whichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.WhatissospecialaboutItisassmallasaItissmallinsizebutcarriesalargeItsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownNeverbeforehas escopecarriedadigitalcamerainThecameraonisequippedwithexpensiveproducesimagesofobjectsgivingoffinfraredreflectslightvisibletothehumanissimilartoanordinarydigitalItistruethatinfraredisnotdetectabletolooksbrighterthanvisibleisvisiblelightreflectedoffanhaslongerwavesthanthoseofvisibleWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutasteroidsisNOTTheWISEescopecancatchandtakepicturesofTheydonotreflectlightthatreachesTheyfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisibleTheyareinvisibletoordinaryItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatbrowngiveoffinfraredarepowerstarsliketheemassiveandareinvisibletotheWISE5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46~50題，每題2分，共10分下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其TheMysteriesofInthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades. (46)Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seass,allbeautifullycarvedintotheearth.TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren’tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresontheplain,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery. D.(47)However,itwouldprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsandmonkeys.Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedrawingsareachronicle(記錄)ofthemovementofthestarsandplanets. C.(48)Later,anastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn’tfindanyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.Anotherexplanationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousreasons.BritishresearcherTonyMorrisoninvestigatedthecustomsofpeopleintheAndesMountainandlearnedthattheysometimespraybythesideoftheroad.It’spossiblethatinthepast,thelinesofNazcawerecreatedforasimilarpurpose. B.(49)Butthelocalpeoplehaveneverconstructedanythingthisbig.Recently,twootherscientists,DavidJohnsonandSteveMabee,havespeculatedthatlinescouldhavebeenrelatedtowater.Nazcaisoneofthedriestplacesintheworldandreceivesonly2cmofraineveryyear.WhileJohnsonwassearchingforancientwatersourcesinthearea,henoticedthatsomewaterwaysbuiltancientpeoplewereconnectedwiththelines.JohnsonbelievesthattheNazcalinesareagiantmapoftheundergroundwaterinthearea.E(50)ScholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeoftheThelargestpicturemayhavebeenthesitesforspecialHecalledNazca“thelargestastronomybookintheASwisswriternamedErichvonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.OtherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoproveSeenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintothe6部分：完形填空（第52~65題，每題1分，共15分SolarPowerwithoutSolarAdramaticandsurprisingmagneticeffectoflightdiscoveredbyUniversityofMichigan1researcherscouldleadtosolarpowerwithouttraditionalsemiconductor-basedsolarTheresearchersfoundawaytomakean“optical 51,”saidStephenRand,aprofessorinthedepartmentsofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience,PhysicsandAppliedLighthaselectricandmagnetic52.Untilnow,scientiststhoughttheeffectofthemagneticfieldweresoweakthattheycouldbe53.WhatRandandhiscolleaguesfoundisthatattherightintensity,whenlightistravelingthroughamaterialthatdoes54electricity,thelightfieldcangeneratemagneticeffectsthatare100milliontimesstrongerthanpreviouslyexpected.Underthesecircumstances,themagneticeffectsdevelopstrength55toastrongelectriceffect.“Thiscouldleadtoanewkindofsolarcellwithoutsemiconductorsandwithoutabsorptiontoproducechargeseparation,”Randsaid.“Insolarcells,the56goesintoamaterial,getsabsorbedandcreatesheat.Here,weexpecttohaveaverylowheatload2.Insteadofthelightbeingabsorbed,energyisstoredinthemagneticmoment3.Intensemagnetizationcanbeinducedbyintenselightandthenitisultimaycapableofprovidingacapacitivepower Whatmakesthispossibleisapreviouslyundetectedbrandof“opticalrectification,”saysWilliamFisher,adoctoralstudentinappliedphysics.Intraditionalopticalrectification,light'selectricfieldcausesachargeseparation,orapulling ofthepositiveandnegativechargesinamaterial.Thissetsupavoltage,similarto 59 inabattery.RandandFisherfoundthatundertherightcircumstancesandinrighttypesofmaterials,thelight'smagneticfieldcanalsocreateopticalrectification.Thelightmustbeshonethrough thatdoesnotconductelectricity,suchasglass.Anditmustbefocusedtoanintensityof10millionwattspersquarecentimeter8.Sunlightisn'tthis 61onitsown,butnewmaterialsarebeingsoughtthatwouldworkatlowerintensities,Fishersaid.“Inourmostrecentpaper,weshowthatincoherentlight9likesunlightistheoretically effectiveinproducingchargeseparationaslaserlightis,”FisherThisnew63couldmakesolarpowercheaper,theresearcherssay.Theypredictthatwithimprovedmaterialstheycouldachieve10percentefficiencyinconvertingsolarpowertouseableenergy.That'sequivalenttotoday'scommercial-gradesolarcells.“Tomanufacturemodemsolarcells,youhavetodo64semiconductorprocessing,”Fishersaid.“Allwewouldneedarelensestofocusthelightandafibertoguideit.Glassworksfor65.It'salreadymadeinbulk,anditdoesn'trequireasmuchprocessing.Transparentceramicsmightbeevenbetter.”51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.B.C.D.54.A.B.C.D.55.A.B.C.D.56.A.B.C.D.57.A.B.C.D.58.A.B.C.D.59.A.B.C.D.60.A.B.C.D.61.A.B.C.D.62.A.B.C.D.63.A.B.C.D.64.A.B.C.D.65.A.B.C.D.第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)1-5 6-10 11-152323-30431-35 36-40 41-45546-50651-55 56-60 61-652012年英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試(理工類B級(jí)第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（1~15題，每題1分，共15分AlltheflatsinthebuildinghadthesameA. B. C. D.ThestormcausedsevereA. B. C. D.ThewallsaremadeofhollowconcreteA. B. C. D.Joecametothewindowasthecrowdchanted“Joe,Joe,Joe.A. B. C. D.DowehavetowearthesenameA. B. C. D.OuraimwastoupdatethehealthserviceandweA. B. C. D.HeinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeuptheA. B. C. D.ThecitycenterwaswipedoutbytheA. B. C. D.MostbabiescantakeinawiderangeoffoodA. B. C. D.AlargecrowdassembledoutsidetheAmericanA. B. C. D.TheweatherwascrispandclearandyoucouldseethemountainsfiftyA. B. C. D.WhatpuzzlesmeiswhyhisbooksaresoA. B. C. D.Ithink￡7adrinkisabitsteep,don’tA. B. C. D.ThecontempthefeltforhisfellowstudentswasA. B. C. D.HercommentsaboutmenareutterlyA. B. C.comple D.第二部分：閱讀判斷（16~22題，每題1分，共7分供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。EasternQuakesCanTriggerBigInthefirstweekofNovember2011,peopleincentralOklahomaexperiencedmorethantwodozenearthquakes.Thelargest,amagnitude5.6quake,shookthousandsoffansinacollegefootballstadium,causedcracksinafewbuildingsandrattledthenervesofmanypeoplewhohadneverfeltaquakebefore.Oklahomaisnotanareaofthecountryfamousforitsquakes.IfyouwatchthenewsonTV,youseereportsaboutallsortsofnaturaldisasters—hurricanes,tornadoes,floodingandwildfires,tonameafew.Butthemostdangeroustypeofnaturaldisaster,andalsothemostunpredictable,istheearthquake.ResearchersattheU.S.GeologicalSurveyestimatethatseveralmillionearthquakesrattletheglobeeachyear.Thatmaysoundscary,butpeopledon’tfeelmanyofthetremorsbecausetheyhappeninremoteandunpopulatedregions.Manyquakeshappenundertheocean,andothershaveaverysmallmagnitude,orshakingintensity.Amagnitude5.8earthquakethatstruckcentralVirginiatheafternoonofAugust23,2011,wasfeltfromcentralGeorgiatosoutheasternCanada.Inmanyurbanareas,includingWashington,D.C.,andNewYorkCity(WallStreetshown),peoplecrowdedthestreetswhileengineersinspectedbuildings.Scientistsknowaboutsmall,remotequakesonlybecauseofverysensitiveelectronicdevicescalledseismometers.Thesedevicesdetectandmeasurethesizeofgroundvibrationsproducedbyearthquakes.Altogether,USGSresearchersuseseismometerstoidentifyandlocateabout20,000earthquakeseachyear.Althoughearthquakescanhappenanywhereintheworld,reallybigquakesoccuronlyincertainareas.Thelargestonesregisteramagnitude8orhigherandhappen,onaverage,onlyonceeachyear.SuchbigonestypicallyoccuralongtheedgesofEarth’stectonicTectonicplatesarehugepiecesofEarth’scrust,sometimesmanykilometersthick.Theseplatescoverourplanet’ssurfacelikeajigsawpuzzle.Often,jaggededgesoftheseplatestemporarilylocktogether.Whenplatesjostleandscrapepasteachotherearthquakesoccur.Onaverage,tectonicplatesmoveveryslowly—aboutthesamespeedasyourfingernailsgrow.Butsometimesearthquakesrumblethroughportionsofthelandscapefarfromplate’sedges.Althoughlessexpected,these“mid-plate”tremorscandosubstantialdamage.SomeofthebiggestknownexamplesrattledtheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesago.Today,scientistsarestillpuzzlingoverwhythequakesoccurredandwhensimilaronesmightoccur.Oklahomaisanareaoftenexperiencingnatural B. C.notTheearthquakeisthemostunpredictablenatural B. C.notFewearthquakeshappenwithoutpeople’s B. C.notSeismometerscanidentifyandlocatemostoftheearthquakesin B. C.notBigearthquakesofamagnitude8orhigherseldomhappenfarfromtheedgesoftectonicplates. B. C.notWhenevertectonicplatesmove,earthquakes B. C.notTheearthquakethathittheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesagoisthebiggest“mid-plate”oneinhistory. B. C.not第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）23~266個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；（2）27~306個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定LearnaboutNobleGases(惰性氣體Haveyoueverriddenonaballoon?Manytouristspotsofferballoonridesinorderforpeopletoseethebeautyofaplacefromabove.Aballooncontainsanoblegascalledhelium.Formerly,balloonscontainedhydrogenbuthydrogenisveryflammableanddangerouswhenuncontrolled.Therefore,peopleshiftedtohelium,whichissafer.Heliumissafebecauseithasthepropertiesofthenoblegases.Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn’tchemicallyreactatall.Forthisreason,theywerecalledinertgases.TheywerealsoclusteredunderGroup0intheoldperiodictablebecausescientistsbelievedthatthegaseshavezerovalenceelectronsintheirouters.ThiswaslaterproventobeuntruewhensomenoblegascompoundswereThegasesareelements,whichsharesimilarproperties.Thesepropertiesincludebeingmonoatomic,colorless,odorless,beingabletoconductelectricity,andhavinglowchemicalreactivityNoblegasesincludeHelium,Neon,Argon,KryptonXenonandRadon.TheseareallfoundinGroup18,intherightmostcolumnoftheperiodictable.Ifyoulookattheperiodictable,youwillnoticethattheseelementsaretheonlyones,whichdonothaveacharge.Heliumhasthelowestmolecular（分子的）weightwhileRadonistheRememberthatchemicalreactionsoccurbecauseatomshave“valence”electrons,whichareelectronsintheirouters.Whentheoutersis“unfilled”ortherequirednumberofelectronsisnotyetcomplete,theatomismorereactive.Noblegaseshaveafullouters,meaningthattheyhavecompleteelectronsintheirouters.Thiscompletenu