202L2022學年山東省煙臺市高二（下）期末英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

DavidShepherdWildlifeFoundation（DSWF）isdelightedtowelcomefaithfulsupporters

andnewfriendstojoinusatourannualWildlifeBalltocelebratethenaturalworldand

conservation.HostedbythegrandDorchesterHotelinLondon,theDSWFWildlifeBallwill

takeplaceonthe27thJuly2022wherewe'llbringthewildernesstolifewithourveryown

SundownSafari（觀賞之旅）.

Joinablack-tiegastronomical（美食）safari

Aspartofablack-tiegastronomicalsafari,guestswillbetreatedtoamouth-watering

three-coursemeal,enjoyworld-classentertainmentandlistentoinsightfulandinspiring

speechesaboutDSWF'sconservationworktoturnthetablesonextinction.

TheDSWFWildlifeBallhelpsraisevitalfundsandawarenessforouressential

work,protectingendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitatsacrosstheworld.Afterayearawaywe

areexcitedtobewelcomingyoubackandlookforwardtobeingyourguidesatwhatpromises

tobeanighttorememberinsupportofwildlife.

Lastyear,thevirtualWildlifeBallraisedover￡80.0000forDSWFsvitalconservationefforts

acrossAfricaandAsia,despitenotbeingabletocelebrateinperson.Wearereallyexcitedto

inviteyoubacktotheDorchesterHotel,whoareourgeneroushosts,andtogetheraimto

celebratewildlifeandthewildernessinstyleandtoraisevitalfundstohelpinthefightfora

greenerfuture.

BookticketstotheWildlifeBall2022

Bookticketsorregisteryourinteresttodaytoavoiddisappointment.Eitherbyemailingthe

teamatwildlifeball@orbycallingtheDSWFofficeon01483272323.

IndividualTickets：￡200（Childrenunder12get40%off）

VIPpackagesareavailableonrequest.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutWildlifeBall2022?

A.It'llbeheldinthewild.

B.Ifllofferguestsadeliciousmeal.

C.Illallowgueststowatchballgames.

D.IC11befollowedbyaguidedtourofLondon.

2.What'sthemainpurposeofhostingWildlifeBall2022?

A.Toentertainsponsors.B.Toestablishreputation.

C.Toobtainfinancialsupport.D.Tointeractwithwildanimals.

3.What'stheadmissionfeeforacouplewiththeirten-year-oldtwins?

A.￡440.B.￡520.C.￡560.D.￡640.

B

AtGirlsBuildsummercampinOregon,girlsarelearninghowtousepowertoolslikesawsand

drills.Thecampisfilledwithconstructionexcitement.Wearinghardhatsandtoolbelts（腰帶）

wrappedtwicearoundtheirtinywaists,girlsareworkingoneverythingfrompouringconcrete

planterstocoveringtheroofofasandbox.Witheveryprojecttheyturnapileofrawmaterial

intoanactualstructure.

Hughes,thecamp*sdirector,saysthegirlscanproduceprofessional-qualityproducts.Sheisa

carpenter（木匠）withadegreeinsocialwork.Whileshe'dliketoseemorewomeninthetrade

andthegender（性別）imbalanceevenout,shesaysmorethananyfuturecareer,ifsasense

ofmasteryandfearlessnesstheinstructorsaretryingtopassalongtothekids."Ifsomething

breaks,!wantthemtohavetheconfidencetoopenthatup,“Hughessays.nIt'sourmissionand

objectivetoinspirecuriosityandconfidenceingirlsthroughtheworldofbuilding."

Alifanz,whosenther8-year-oldtwinstoGirlsBuild,says,"There'snotnothingtheycan't

do,butthere'snothingtheycan'ttry.Andthat'salotforthemtotakeawayinaweek."

Knowledgelikethatchangeshowtheyseetheworldbuiltaroundthemandtheyshow

appreciationoftheactualeffortthatgoesintomakingtheworldwork.

Butotherparentsasktheobviousquestion—ispairingpre-tweensandpowertoolsagoodidea?

HughesstressesGirlsBuildisveryconcernedwithsafety,andinstructorsconsidergirls'ages

whenpairingthemwithtools.

9-year-oldAleeyahtakesprideinmasteringthesepracticalskillsmanyadultsarelacking."I

likeitwhenyoucanbeyourownself,anditbringsoutwhoyoureallyare/'saysAleeyah.

Thesegirlsarelearningmanythingscanbebuilt,takenapart,andputbacktogether.Theydon't

havetofitthemselvesintothedesignedworld——theycanbuildaworldthatfitsthem.Andthat

knowledgeisaprettypowerfultooltohaveintheirbelts.

4.Whyaregirlstaughthands-onbuildingskillsinthecamp?

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A.Toenhancegirls'socialposition.

B.Toboostgirls*faithintheircapacity.

C.Tostimulategirls*interestinwoodwork.

D.Topreparegirlsforconstruction-relatedjobs.

5.Whatisthemajorconcernofsomeparentsaboutthecamp?

A.Service.B.Expense.C.Security.D.Discipline.

6.Whatisthemessageconveyedinthelastparagraph?

A.Knowledgeispower.

B.Ifsnevertoolatetomend.

C.There'snosuchthingasafreelunch.

D.Onemustfirstsharpenone'stoolstodogoodwork.

7.Whatisthetextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Afictionalnovel.B.Acareerguidebook.

C.Aprojecthandbook.D.Apopularmagazine.

c

Recently,ateamofyoungresearchersinPanamahasfoundaspecialantspeciesthatrapidly

repairsanydamagetoitshosttee.

Theeventsleadingtothediscoverybeganinmid-2020,whenAlexandhisfriendswouldkill

timebyshootingclayballsattreeswithaslingshot（彈弓）.TheytargetedthethinCecropia

treestomakethetaskmorechallenging.Thingswentwelluntiloneclayballaccidentallyhita

treetrunk,leavingacleanexitandentrywound.

Concernedthathehadcausedpermanentdamage,Alexwentbacktoexaminethetreethe

followingmorning,accompaniedbyhisfatherWilliam,anentomologist（昆蟲學家）atthe

SmithsonianTropicalResearchInstitute（STRI）.Totheirsurprise,theholehadbeen

completelymended!Curioustofindoutwhatwasgoingon,Alexandhisfriendsenlistedinthe

STRFsvolunteerprogram.

Theteens,asinstructed,drilledholesintheCecropiatreesandthencarefullydocumentedwhat

followed.Theyoungscientistsfoundthatin14ofthe22cases,groupsofAztecaalfariants

immediatelygatheredinthedamagedareaandinstantlygottoworkwithoutabreak.The

insects,usingmaterialfromthetees,significantlyreducedthesizeoftheholesoon.Inmost

cases,thegapwascompletelyfilledupwithin24hours.

Thesand-coloredinsects*harmoniousrelationshipwiththeCecropiatreeshasbeenknownfor

manyyears.Thetreesprovidetheantswithfoodandshelter.Inreturn,theinsectsprotecttheir

leavesfromplant-eatinganimals.However,theirrepairskills——whichresearcherssuspecthave

beendevelopedfixingdamagecausedbythesharpnailsoftheslothsthatfrequentthe

trees-hadneverbeenseenbefore.

"Thisprojectallowedustoexperiencefirst-handallthecomplicateddetailsbehindascientific

study.ltwasreallyagreatlearningexperience,"saidAlex.

Alexandhisteam,whorecentlypublishedtheirfindings,stillhaveoneriddletosolve.They

aren'tsurewhytheinsectsdidn'trepairalltheholes.Understandingthisselectivebehavioris

somethingtheyhopetoexploreinthefuture-staytuned!

8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thefunofplayingoutdoors.

B.Thecauseofthenewfindings.

C.Theintentionofusingaslingshot.

D.ThereasonfortargetingtheCecropiatrees.

9.WithwhatkindoffeelingdidAlexreturntocheckthetree?

A.CuriosityB.Optimism.C.Confusion.D.Uneasiness.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"industrious"meaninparagraph4?

A.Grateful.B.Sorrowful.C.Hardworking.D.Impatient.

11.WhatproblemdoesAlexexpecttosettle?

A.Whetherantsareexpertattreerepair.

B.Howantsfixdamagetotheirhosttrees.

C.Whyantsmerelyrepaircertaintreeholes.

D.WhatrelationshipantskeepwiththeCecropiatrees.

D

Asraceseasonapproaches,manyrunnershavethesamegoal：gofaster.Butinastudypublished

inthejournalCurrentBiology,researchersshowthatspeedingupmightrequireustoresistour

naturalbiology.Bycombiningdatafromrunnersmonitoredinalabalongwith37,000runs

recordedonwearablefitnesstrackers,scientistshavefoundthathumans'naturaltendencyisto

runataspeedthatconservescaloricloss—somethingthatracersseekingtoshavetimeofftheir

mileswillhavetogetover.

Theresearchgrouphavebeenstudyingthemechanicsofrunninginlabsfor15yearsbuthadn't

gottenachancetostudyrunninginthewildbefore.nWejoinedthetwodatasetstogainnew

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insightsandcombinethemoremessywearabledatawiththegoldstandardlabexperimentsto

learnabouthowpeoplerunout,"saysco-authorJenniferHicks.

Whatsurprisedtheteamwastheconsistencytheyfoundacrossthecombineddatasets."Wehad

assumedearlierthatpeopleranfasterforshorterdistancesandthenwouldslowtheirpacefor

longerdistances,"saysfirstauthorJessicaSelinger.Butthiswasn'tthecase.Mostoftherunners

analyzedstuckwiththesamespeed,whethertheyweregoingforashortrunoralongoneover

tenkilometers.

Fromanevolutionary（進化）standpoint,itmakessensethatpeoplewouldrunatthespeed

thatusestheleastamountofenergy.Thiscaloricconservationissomethingthathasbeen

observedacrosstheanimalkingdom.Buthumans'reasonsforrunninghavechanged,andifthe

goalisspeed,therearesometricksrunnerscanuse.

Listeningtomusicwithafasterpacehasbeenshowntohelpspeedupstride（步伐）

frequency,whichincreasesrunningspeed.Inaddition,pickingfasterrunningpartnerscangive

youaboost.

Hickshopesthathavinglargepoolsoffitnessdatafromwearableswillhelpresearchersgain

insightsaboutpopulations."Youcanlookatconnectionswiththebuiltenvironmentandaccess

toleisureresourcesandstarttolayerallofthatdatatoreallyunderstandhowtoimprove

physicalactivityandhealthmorebroadly,"saysHicks.

12.Whatdotheracershavetoovercomeduringtherace?

A.Energyconsumption.B.Muscleloss.

C.Weaknessofhumanity.D.Lackofnutrients.

13.Whatwastheteam'sinitialideaconcerningrunning?

A.Peoplewouldruninthewildratherthaninlabs.

B.Peopleadjusttheirspeedstodifferentdistances.

C.Peoplerunataconstantspeedregardlessofdistance.

D.Peoplepossessenormouspotentialforrunningfaster.

14.Whyare"listeningtomusic"and"pickingpartners"mentionedinparagraph5?

A.Tooffertipsonspeedincrease.

B.Toevaluatetheadvantagesofrunning.

C.Toexplaintheimportanceoffastrunning.

D.Torevealthechangeinhumanrunninggoals.

15.What'sHicks'attitudetotheinformationobtainedfromwearables?

A.Unclear.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Lifeconsistsofconstantdecision-makingatprettymucheverymomentandyoucanmake

choicesandplansforlife.(1)Whentheseunanticipatedsituationsaddup,it'seasytobecome

anxiousandfeeloutofcontrol.Theprinciplesbelowmayhelpyouhandlethesefeelings.

Ratherthanviewingyourlifeas"outofcontrol",ithelpstotakean"itiswhatitis"attitudefor

thetimebeing.(2)Insteadjtjustsignifieslettinggoofneedingcontrol；lettinggoofaneedto

controleverythingcanleadtogreaterlifesatisfaction.

Evenifyoumaynotcontroleverything,youdostillhavecontroloversomethings.Workon

changingthethingsyoudohavecontroloverjikegoingtothegymabitmore,eatingfewer

sweetsorremovinganunpleasantpersonfromyourlife.⑶

Constantlywonderingwhetheryou'remakingtherightchoiceswilldisturbyou.In

contrast,takingprideinwhatyoucreateforyourlifeisbeneficiaLIfyou'vemadebad

decisions,learnfromthemandmoveforward.(4)Alsojrytobeappreciativeofchallenging

situationsbecausetheypushyoutokeepgoingandbringyoutobettertimes.

(5)Whetheritiswithalovedoneoraclinicalpsychologistwhooffersprofessional

advice,don'thesitatetotalkitout.Theycanhelpyoudeconstructthesefeelingsandsortthem

outaccordingly.

A.Learntovalueyourownstrengths.

B.Therearetimeswhenyoulackmotivation.

C.Thisdoesn*tmeanacceptingpoortreatment.

0.Voicingwhatmakesyoustressedmakessense.

E.Yetnoonecaneverbepreparedfortheunexpected.

F.Ithelpsestablishasenseofcontrolandoptimisminyourlife.

G.Themistakesmayhavefacilitatedpersonalgrowthandwisdom.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Sheela's93-year-oldgrandpasuffersfromAlzheimer'sandhaslosthismemory.He'sunableto

(21)hernameandherrelationshipwithhimandconstantlyasksthesame(22)questions.

Butthemusicprovidesa(n)(23)forthetwo一asharedmomentof(24).ThoughSheela

demonstratesraremusicalskills,yetshedidn'texpectmusichadsuchgreatmagicasto(25)

GrandpawithsevereAlzheimersdisease.

Thatafternoon,Sheelawasaskedto(26).Grandpaowingtohermother'sabsence.But

absolutely(27)byGrandpa.Sheelafeltbored.Pacing(28),shesawapianoinacornerthat

remaineduntouchedforyears.SheelaopeneditandbegantoplayapiecebyChopin.Attracted

bythefantasticmusic,Grandpagotoutofhisbedroomandslowly(29)thepiano,hiseyes

shiningbrilliantlyandapleasedsmileclimbingfromhismouth.Heseemedtobecompletely

absorbedinthebeautiful(30).

Aftershefinished,Grandpaevengaveherthethumbs(大拇指)uponher(31).Sheelawas

movedtotearsbyGrandpa's(32).Grandpathenmadehiswaytohisarmchair,closedhiseyesin

peaceandfellasleepsoon.Themomentwasalltoobriefbutquite(33).

Sheelasharedtheexperienceonlineandurgedpeopleto(34)thepresent："Makespacefor

loveandtreasurethepresentmomentwithyourlovedones."NowSheelahashereyeonwhat

does(35)!

21.A.assessB.guessC.inquireD.recall

22.A.complicatedB.relevantC.routineD.crucial

23.A.connectionB.evidenceC.explanationD.judgment

24.A.honorB.pleasureC.beliefD.fortune

25.A.relaxB.encourageC.touchD.satisfy

26.A.believeinB.watchoverC.searchforD.makeout

27.A.suspectedB.misunderstoodC.interruptedD.ignored

28.A.coldlyB.cheerfullyC.restlesslyD.bravely

29.A.approachedB.playedC.draggedD.studied

30.A.storyB.tuneC.descriptionD.greeting

31.A.achievementB.companyC.performanceD.behavior

32.A.sympathyB.approvalC.confidenceD.promise

33.

A.strangeB.familiarC.naturalD.precious

34.A.appreciateB.challengeC.changeD.skip

35.A.existB.lastC.occurD.count

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.China'sSpaceDay,(1)fallsonApril24,indicatesnumerousopportunitiesaheadforthe

worldinthecountry^peacefuldevelopmentofitsfast⑵(grow)spaceprograms.

ThreeChineseastronauts⑶(return)toEarthonApril16after183daysaboardthenew

Chinesespacestation,anewnationalrecordforduration.Theauthoritiesannounceda

seriesofnew⑷(launch)ahead.Theseincludedtwomorethreememberteamsbeing

senttothespacestationwithintheyear,oneofwhich,asweknow,hasbeenachievedsofar.

China'soutreachtootherpartsoftheworldwaspartlyexhibitedbyWangYaping,thefirst

Chinesewoman(5)(perform)aspacewalk.HerrecentdiscussionwithAmerican

studentslivenedupthegoodwillofChinatouseitsspaceprogramsfor(6)commongood.

LookingbackattheperiodfromNovember2020toNovember2021,itcanbeseenthat

Chinadidemerge(7)aseriousspacepowerworthyofthename.Thiswas⑻(large)due

tofourmajorachievementsoverthatyearlongperiodjncludingmissionstothemoonand

Mars,theestablishmentofakeysatellitetelecommunicationsconstellation(星座)，and

thelaunchofanewspacestation.

Anyoftheseachievementswouldbe(9)(significance)initsownright.(10)(take)

togetheroveramere12-monthperiod,theyrepresentamomentousleap(飛躍)for

humanprogressinspace.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

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(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，暑期在悉尼學習，得知當?shù)夭┪镳^要舉辦中國瓷器展。請寫一封信

申請做志愿者。內(nèi)容包括：1.寫信目的；2.個人優(yōu)勢和能做的事情；3.表達希望。

參考詞匯：瓷器porcelain

注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearSi/Madam,

Yours,

LiHua

(1)

(2)

(3)

38.Oneofthemostpleasantsoundsinsportsisthewhooshofabasketbailmovingquickly

intothenetting.Takeawaythenetandallthatisleftistheunsatisfyingsilenceofaball

pushingairaroundasitsailsthroughtherim(籃圈).Diditevengothrough?Sometimes

it'shardtotell.

SoitwasreallyashamethatinasmallAmericantowntowhichAnibalAmadormoved

fromNewYork,therewasnobasketballnetonanybasketballcourtinanypark.The

retiredworkerwasabasketballaddictandsowashisson,Frank,ahighschool

student.Whentheyhadtime,theywouldgotothenearbyplaygroundintheparkandjoin

theplayersthereinplayingbasketbal1.However,withoutthenets,itjustdidn'tfeelgood

andsatisfactory.Asamatteroffact,noonewouldliketoplaythatway,fortheycouldn't

shoottheballtotheirhearts*content.Anibaloftenheardtheplayerscomplainaboutitfrom

timetotime.

ThatwasreallysomethingthatbotheredAnibai.Oneeveningontheirwayhome,he

mentionedtheproblemtoFrank,whosuggestedtheyshoulddosomethingaboutit.Soon

theytookaction.Theytookadvantageoftheirsparetimeanddidcarefulfieldresearchinto

theplaygroundsaroundtheneighborhood.ThenAnibalvisitedthewebsiteofthetown

parkdepartmentwhichwasinchargeofthebasketballcourts,uploadedwhattheyhad

surveyedandputforwardthesuggestionthatnetsshouldbeattachedtotherimson

basketballcourts.

Theywaitedandwaited.Afteralongtime,theyfinallygottheresponse.Thetownpark

departmentsaidthatnetswerenon-durablegoods.Iftheydidassuggested,theywould

havetobeputtingupnetsallthetimeandmaintainingsomanybasketballcourtswasa

greatexpense,whichtheycouldn'tafford.ltwasn'tworkabletokeepnetsonalltherimsin

alltheparks,sotheywereterriblysorrythattheycouldn*tmanageit.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

AnibalandFrankdecidedtoaddresstheproblemontheirown.

Everythingready.theycametoanearbybasketballcourtwithastepladder(折

梯)._________________

(1)

(2)

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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、D

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Joinablack-tiegastronomicalsafari部分中的內(nèi)

容Aspartofablack-tiegastronomicalsafari,guestswillbetreatedtoamouth-watering

three-coursemeal,enjoyworld-classentertainmentandlistentoinsightfulandinspiring

speechesaboutDSWF'sconservationworktoturnthetablesonextinction.（作為正式的美食

之旅的一部分，賓客們將享用令人垂涎的三道大餐，享受世界級的娛樂活動，并聆聽有

關社會福利基金會保護動物工作的富有見地和鼓舞人心的演講。）可知，在這次的DSWF

野生動物舞會將會給客人提供美味大餐。故選B。

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Joinablack-tiegastronomicalsafari部分內(nèi)容Wearereally

excitedtoinviteyoubacktotheDorchesterHotel,whoareourgeneroushosts,andtogetheraim

tocelebratewildlifeandthewildernessinstyleandtoraisevitalfundstohelpinthefightfora

greenerfuture.（我們非常激動地邀請您再次來到多爾切斯特酒店一一我們的慷慨東道主,

我們將共同以時尚的方式贊美野生動物和荒野，并籌集重要的資金，幫助爭取更綠色的

未來。）可知，2020野生動物舞會的目的在于贊美野生動物和荒野，籌集資金。故選C。

（3）D.數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)文章BookticketstotheWildlifeBall2022部分內(nèi)容Individual

Tickets：￡200（Childrenunder12get40%off）（個人票：200英鎊（12歲以下兒童4

折））可知，單人票價為200英鎊，12歲以下兒童4折應是"200英鎊*（100%-40%）

=120英鎊"，因此，一對夫婦兩人帶著10歲的雙胞胎兒童，票價應是"200英鎊*2+120

英鎊*2=640英鎊"。故選D。

本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了多切斯特大酒店主辦的DSWF野生動物舞會將于

2022年7月27日舉行，文章就其相關的項目活動安排，目的以及費用進行了詳細解釋。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結

合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。切忌胡

亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù).

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關鍵句"Ifsomethingbreaks」wantthemtohave

theconfidencetoopenthatup,"Hughessays."It'sourmissionandobjectivetoinspirecuriosity

andconfidenceingirlsthroughtheworldofbuilding."（休斯說："如果有什么東西壞了，

我希望她們有信心打開局面?！薄拔覀兊氖姑湍繕耸峭ㄟ^建筑的世界激發(fā)女孩的好奇心

和信心。可知，營地的負責人休斯說，營地的使命和目標是通過建筑的世界激發(fā)女

孩的好奇心和信心，由此可知，在營地里教女孩實際操作的建造技能是為了提高女孩對

自己能力的信心。故選B項。

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容ButotherparentsaskIheobviousquestion—ispairing

pre-teensandpowertoolsagoodidea?HughesstressesGirlsBuildisveryconcernedwith

safety,andinstructorsconsidergirls'ageswhenpairingthemwithtools.（但其他家長提出了

一個顯而易見的問題：將學齡前兒童整天接觸電動工具是一個好主意嗎？休斯強調(diào)，

GirlsBuild非常注重安全，導師在給女孩配工具時會考慮女孩的年齡。）可知，家長們

擔心學齡前兒童使用電動工具是否安全，由此可知，一些家長對營地的主要擔憂是安全

問題。故選C項。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容Thesegirlsarelearningmanythingscanbe

built,takenapart,andputbacktogether.Theydon'thavetofitthemselvesintothedesigned

world—theycanbuildaworldthatfitsthem.Andthatknowledgeisaprettypowerfultoolto

haveintheirbelts.（這些女孩正在學習許多可以建造、拆卸和組裝的東西.她們不必讓

自己融入設計的世界，她們可以建立一個適合自己的世界。而她們在動手建造時學到的

知識是一個非常強大的工具。）可知，女孩們可以通過學習知識建立一個適合自己的世

界，這些知識是非常強大的工具，由此可知，最后一段傳達給我們的信息是知識就是力

量。故選A項。

（4）D.文章出處題。通讀文章，結合第一段關鍵句AtGirlsBuildsummercampin

Oregon,girlsarelearninghowtousepowertoolslikesawsanddrills.Thecampisfilledwith

constructionexcitement.（在俄勒岡州的GirlsBuild夏令營，女孩們正在學習如何使用鋸

子和鉆頭等電動工具。營地里充滿了建筑的激情。）可知，文章主要介紹了俄勒岡州的

GirlsBuild夏令營，通過教女孩們實際操作的建造技能,來提高她們對自己能力的信心，

由此可知，關于夏令營活動的文章可能出自一本受歡迎的雜志。故選D項。

這是一篇說明文。文章通過具體例子介紹了俄勒岡州的GirlsBuild夏令營，它通過教女

孩們實際操作的建造技能，來提高她們對自己能力的信心。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C

【解析】（1）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段Theeventsleadingtothediscoverybeganin

mid-2020,whenAlexandhisfriendswouldkilltimebyshootingclayballsattreeswitha

第12頁，共22頁

slingshot.TheytargetedthethinCecropiatreestomakethetaskmorechallenging.Thingswent

welluntiloneclayballaccidentallyhitatreetrunk,leavingacleanexitandentrywound.(導

致這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的事件始于2020年中期，當時亞歷克斯和他的朋友們會用彈弓向樹射粘土

球來消磨時間。他們以細細的天蠶樹為目標，使任務更具挑戰(zhàn)性。一切都很順利，直到

一個粘土球意外地擊中了樹干，留下了一個干凈的出口和射入傷口。)可知，第二段主

要講的是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因。故選B。

(2)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Concernedthathehadcausedpermanentdamage,Alex

wentbacktoexaminethetreethefollowingmorning,accompaniedbyhisfatherWilliam,an

entomologistattheSmithsonianTropicalResearchInstitute(STRI).(第二天早上，亞歷

克斯在他的父親一一史密森尼熱帶研究所的昆蟲學家威廉的陪同下，擔心自己給這棵樹

造成了永久性的傷害，便回去檢查。)可推知，Alex返回檢查樹木的感覺是不安。故選

Do

(3)C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文

The___insects,usingmaterialfromthetees,significantlyreducedthesizeoftheholesoon.I

nmostcases,thegapwascompletelyfilledupwithin24hours.(勤勞的昆蟲，利用三通材料,

很快就顯著縮小了洞的大小。大多數(shù)情況下，24小時內(nèi)就完全填滿了洞。)可知，洞

的大小明顯縮小了，可見是這些昆蟲利用樹上的材料努力工作完成的。故劃線詞意思是

"努力工作的"。A.Grateful感激的；B.Sorrowful悲傷的；C.Hardworking努力工作的；

D.Impatient沒有耐心的。故選C。

(4)C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Alexandhisteam,whorecentlypublishedtheir

findings,stillhaveoneriddletosolve.Theyaren'tsurewhytheinsectsdidn'trepairallthe

holes.Understandingthisselectivebehaviorissomethingtheyhopetoexploreinthefuture-

staytuned!(亞歷克斯和他的團隊最近發(fā)表了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們還有一個謎需要解決。

他們不確定為什么昆蟲沒有修復所有的洞。理解這種選擇性行為是他們希望在未來探索

的事情一一敬請期待！)可知，亞歷克斯想解決的問題是為什么螞蟻只是修復某些樹洞。

故選C。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了巴拿馬的一組年輕研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種特殊的螞蟻，

它可以迅速修復宿主樹的任何損傷。介紹了他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種螞蟻的經(jīng)過以及研究的意義。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】A、B、A、D

［解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關鍵句Bycombiningdatafromrunnersmonitored

inalabalongwith37,000runsrecordedonwearablefitnesstrackers,scientistshavefoundthat

humans'naturaltendencyistorunataspeedthatconservescaloricloss—somethingthatracers

seekingtoshavetimeofftheirmileswillhavetogelover.（通過將實驗室監(jiān)測的跑步者數(shù)

據(jù)與可穿戴健身跟蹤器記錄的37000次跑步數(shù)據(jù)相結合，科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類的自然傾向

是以節(jié)省熱量損失的速度跑步，而尋求縮短完成里程所需時間的參賽者必須克服這一

點。）可知，人類的自然傾向是以節(jié)省熱量損失的速度跑步，要想以更快的速度跑步，

就要克服能量消耗的問題，由此可知I,參賽者在比賽中必須克服的是能量消耗問題。故

選A項。

（2）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關鍵句"Wehadassumedearlierthatpeopleranfasterfor

shorterdistancesandthenwouldslowtheirpaceforlongerdistances,"saysfirstauthorJessica

Selinger.（主要作者杰西卡?塞林格說："我們之前假設人們在短距離內(nèi)跑得更快，然后

在長距離內(nèi)放慢步伐。"）可知，研究人員最初認為人們跑步時會根據(jù)不同的距離調(diào)整

速度，在短距離內(nèi)跑得更快，然后在長距離內(nèi)放慢步伐，由此可知，團隊最初對跑步的

想法是人們會根據(jù)不同的距離調(diào)整速度。故選B項。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容Listeningtomusicwithafasterpacehasbeenshown

tohelpspeedupstride（步伐）frequency,whichincreasesrunningspeed.Inaddition,picking

fasterrunningpartnerscangiveyouaboost.（聽節(jié)奏更快的音樂有助于加快步頻，從而提

高跑步速度。此外，選擇跑得更快的伙伴一起跑步可以給你帶來動力。）可知，”聽節(jié)

奏更快的音樂"和“選擇跑得更快的伙伴一起跑步”都是提高跑步速度的方法，由此可知I,

第五段提到“聽音樂"和"挑選伙伴”是為了提供關于提高跑步速度的建議。故選A項。

（4）D.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容Hickshopesthathavinglargepoolsoffitnessdata

fromwearableswillhelpresearchersgaininsightsaboutpopulations."Youcanlookat

connectionswiththebuiltenvironmentandaccesstoleisureresourcesandstarttolayerallof

thatdatatoreallyunderstandhowtoimprovephysicalactivityandhealthmorebroadly,"says

Hicks.（?？怂瓜Ｍ瑩碛写罅縼碜钥纱┐髟O備的健康數(shù)據(jù)將有助于研究人員了解人口

狀況。希克斯說："你可以看看與建筑環(huán)境和休閑資源的聯(lián)系，并開始對所有這些數(shù)據(jù)

進行分層，以真正了解如何更廣泛地改善體育活動和健康。"）可知，希克斯認為