202L2022學年陜西省漢中市高二（下）期末英語試卷

A

"Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeontheway."Thepopular

sayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgosightseeing.Travelingjustlikereading,isa

refreshingjourney,andatemporaryretreatfromthebusyworld.Herearefourbookswe

recommendthatyoutakeonyourtrip.

Destination：Kenya,Africa

Recommendedbook：WestwiththeNight,1942,byBerylMarkham

Thisbookisaboutadirect,stylishandengrossingstoryofamarvelouslifewell-lived.Markham

describedherchildhoodinKenyaandherexperiencesasabushpilotinthe1930s-evokingthe

landscape,people,andwildlifeinrichdetail.

Destination：CentralEurope

Recommendedbook：LifeisElsewhere,1969,byMilanKundera

Jean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,MManisbornfree,andeverywhereheisinchains.nThebook

de-scribesayoungartist'sromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthowhereads,dreamsandhasa

relationship.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.

Destination：Provence,France

Recommendedbook：AYearinProvence,1989,byPeterMayle

Provence,well-knownforitslavender（薰衣草），isnotonlyatouristattraction,butmorea

symbolofalifestyle.Thebookdoesn'tteachyouhowtodealwiththehardshipsinlife,butto

avoidthemhappily.Withacupofwineandarockingchair,timeflowsslowlyhere.Theauthor

andhiswifearelivingareclusivelifehere.Whenyoumakeatripfollowingtheauthor's

footsteps,youmayencounterhiminProvence.

Destination：Istanbul,Turkey

Recommendedbook：MynameIsRed,1998,byOrhanPamuk

Thebook,featuringapeakmasterpieceoftheNobelPrizewinnerinLiterature,Orhan

Pamuk,hasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.lttells

astoryofayoungman,whohasbeenawayfromhomefor12years,comingbacktohis

hometowninIstanbul.Whatembraceshimisnotonlylove,butaseriesofmurdercasesas

well.Thebookinspirespeopletohaveadeeperthinkingonlife.

1.IfyouwanttoexploreCentralEurope,youwouldliketotakebookonyourtrip.

A.BerylMarkham'sB.MilanKundera's

C.PeterMayle'sD.OrhanPamuk's

2.WhatisProvencefamousfor?

A.Lotus.B.Wine.

C.Therockingchair.D.Lavender.

3.WhichbookwillattractpeoplewhoareinterestedintheNobelPrizeinLiterature?

A.LifeIsElsewhere.B.WestwiththeNight.

C.MyNameIsRed.D.AYearinProvence.

B

NicolasMaireisthemodelofaprofessionalFrenchchefwithyearsofexperience.Tohelp

perfecttheflavorsoftheinnovativefoods,Mr.Mairehasanewassistantchefintheformof

Sam,anartificialintelligencerobot.

Alongwithateamofflavorists,Samhelpsblendahugegroupofflavorsforclients.Inhumans

thesenseoftastestemsfrommultiplereceptors（感受器）thatarereadytomakeourbrains

awareofthenatureofanypossiblefoodweencounter.Samlacksthissenseoftaste,butithas

beentrainedonadatabaseofingredientsgatheredover60yearsatthecompanyofFirmenich,a

businesswithaperfumeindustryoriginstretchingbackto1895.Usingatechniquecalled

machinelearning,ithasracedthroughexamplesofflavorcombinationsandhaslearntitsown

definitions,maturingover18monthsintotoday'sAIrobot.

EricSaracchirunsthedigitalsideofFirmenich.uFlavorsaremorecomplexthanperfumes,'1he

says,"andSamhadtounderstandwhatastrawberryisorhowroastedbeefhitsthe

tongue,beforefindingmatchesbetweentastesandfoodstuffs（食品）

OnebigadvantageofanAIrobotisthatithasnocognitivebias（認知偏見）.Thislackof

humanprejudiceshelpsFirmenichtogetpastanyunconsciousleaningoftheflavorists.The

objectivityofSam,lackinginfluencesthatcanaffecteventhemostprofessionalof

flavorists,allowsittoworkatspeed."Itaddsvaluebycombiningtheknowledgeofalltheother

flavoristshereJsaysSaracchi.

Themachinerapidlygivesanindicationofhowaflavorcanbecreatedandhowmuchofan

ingredientshouldbeincluded.AndSamcanholdthelinebetweenSaracchi'steamofflavorists

andpublictastes,refereeingdecisionswhentheflavorists'viewdiffersfromthatofaconsumer

group.

4.WhatdoesSamdotogetherwithmanyflavorists?

A.Ithelpsactivatehumans*tastes.

B.Itcreatesadatabaseofingredients.

C.Itmixesaseriesofflavorsforguests.

D.Itmakesallkindsoffoodsverycreative.

5.WhatisSaracchi'sattitudetowardstheAIrobotSam?

A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Unknown.D.Doubtful.

6.WherecanyoufindtheoutstandingfeatureofanAIchef?

A.Inparagraph1.B.Inparagraph2.

C.Inparagraph3.D.Inparagraph4.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

第2頁，共19頁

A.WhyChefsAreTurningtoAI

B.Sam,theFirstAIChefintheWorld

C.WhyFrenchChefsLikeAIAssistants

D.NicolasMaireOwnsSomeAIAssistantChefs

c

Theamountofplasticpollutionintheoceansisrapidlyincreasing.Thisisproblematic,asat

least700kindsofoceananimals-includingsharks,whales,seabirdsandturtles—canbecome

caughtinthestufformistakeitforatastysnack.

Whileweknowthatsomeoceananimalsseemtocatchplasticbecauseitlookslikejellyfishor

someotherfoodsources,lessresearchhasbeencarriedoutintowhatplasticsmellsliketoocean

animals.Butnow,astudyfromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHillhasfoundthe

coating（涂層）thatnaturallybuildsuponoceanplasticscausestherubbishtogiveoffthe

smelloffood.

Theresearcherstook15turtles,eacharoundfivemonthsold,andplacedtheminalab

aquarium.Theythenpipedinsmellsofcleanwater,cleanplastic,turtlefood,andplasticthathad

beensoakingintheoceanenvironmentforfiveweeks.Theturtlesshowednoreactiontothe

smellsofcleanwaterorcleanplastic.Butwhenfacingoceansoakedplasticorturtlefood,they

stucktheirnosesoutofthewaterandshowedincreasedactivity.

“Thisfindingisimportantbecauseit'sthefirstproofthatthesmellofoceanplasticscauses

animalstoeatthem,"saidDrKennethJLohmann,whotookpartinthestudy.nIfscommonto

findaturtlewithitsstomachfullofplasticmaterials.Therearealsoincreasingreportsofsea

turtlesthathavebecomeillandstuckonthebeachduetotheirtakinginplastic."

Accordingtotheresearchers,areasoftheoceanwithmuchplasticmaytrickturtlesandother

animalsintothinkingthatthereareplentyoffoodsources,whentheoppositeistrue."Once

theseplasticsareintheocean,wedon'thaveagoodwaytoremovethemorpreventthemfrom

smellinglikefood,"saidLohmann."Thebestthingwecandoistokeepplasticfromgetting

intotheoceanatall.0

8.Whyisplasticpollutionposingathreattooceananimals?

A.Itmaymisleadthemasfood.

B.Itmayeatupalljellyfish.

C.Itmaykillthemwithitssmell.

D.Itmaytrap700speciesofseaanimals.

9.Whatsmelldidturtlespreferaccordingtothestudy?

A.Seawater.B.Cleanwater.

C.Cleanplastic.D.Ocean-soakedplastic.

10.Whatdoweknowfromthestudy?

A.Turtlesseemtoeatplasticbecauseitlookslikefood.

B.Turtleshavediedoutduetotheirtakinginplastic.

C.Turtleseatplasticbecauseitgivesoffthesmelloffood.

D.Turtleswiththeirstomachsfullofplasticwerestudied.

11.WhatarewesupposedtodoaccordingtoDr.KennethJLohmann?

A.Keepawayfromthepollutedocean.

B.Maintainaplastic-freeocean.

C.Removeplasticfromtheocean.

D.Stoppeoplefeedingturtlesplastic.

D

Alotofpeopleaskthisquestion："Whyisbodylanguagesoimportant?”Studieshaveshown

thatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluence

thanactualtext.Thismeansthat"howtosay"ismoreimportantthan"whattosay".Of

course,thisdoesnotmeanthatyoudon'tneedtodopreparationforyourinterviews,nordoesit

meanthatyoucantakeanyshortcuts.Onthecontrary,thismeansthatyouhavemorethingsto

payattentiontoandpreparefor.

Intherealworkplace,bodylanguageismuchmoreimportantthanyouthink.Withoutproper

bodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucan'tintegratewiththe

externalenvironment,nottomentionthedifficultiesintheabsenceofbodylanguageinthe

workplace.

nPeoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfromactions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectly

affectlives：forexample,whowillbeemployedandwhowillbepromoted."AcademicianAmy

CuddysaidinaTVtalkshow.ShealsosaidthatHourbodylanguagewillalsoaffectour

perception（感知，看法）ofourselves.Whenyoutrytomakemoreauthoritativeactions,your

brainwillinadvertently（不經(jīng)意地）receivesignalsandactuallycreateanideathatyouare

moreauthoritative,sothatyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself'.

Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhavea

hunchedback.Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyrelaxed.Youcanevenstandwitha

relativelyauthoritativeposture（姿勢）-ofcourse,youmayneedtodothesethingsinthe

bathroomorplaceswherenoonecouldseeyou.

Bodylanguageplaysacrucialroleinyourjobinterviews,careers,andeverydaylife.Paying

attentiontobodylanguagecouldmakestrongimpactsonyourbehavior,whichcouldhelpyou

achievebetterresults.So,everytimeyouarenervousorfeelthatyoucan'tdoit,stretchyour

body,smile,andtellyourself"Fakeittillyoubecomeit!"

12.WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellus?

A.Whatwesayinaconversationisnotsoimportant.

B.Practicingbodylanguageisashortcuttosuccess.

C.Weshouldattachgreatimportancetobodylanguage.

D.Bodylanguagecarries93%ofconversationmessages.

13.AccordingtoAmyCuddy,whyisbodylanguageimportantforus?

第4頁，共19頁

A.Itdecideswhetherwearepromoted.

B.Itinfluencespeople'simpressionofus.

C.Itmakesuslookmoreauthoritative.

D.Ithelpspeopleunderstandwhoweare.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hunched"possiblymean?

A.Brokendown.B.Tiedbehind.

C.Bentforward.D.Straightenedup.

15.Whomightbetheintendedreadersofthepassage?

A.Newarrivalsintheworkplace.B.Bodylanguageresearchers.

C.Workingadultstobepromoted.D.ViewersofaTVtalkshow.

Haveyoueverhadawonderfulideaandthoughtitwouldmakeagreatinvention,butdidn't

knowwhattodonext?Herearesomestepsthatyoucantake.⑴

ThefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistodosomeresearchontheInternettoseeifanyoneelsehas

in-ventedit.Ifnot,youshouldsearchthroughtheUSPatentinformationtoseeifapatentwas

evercreatedforyourtypeofinvention.(2),gotothenextstep.

Theeasiestthingtodoisworkingwithacompanythatcanhelpyoutomakeyourdreamsa

reality.(3).Onecompanythatisveryreputableis"LambertandLambertinMinnesota”.They

offerfreeadviceforgoodideas.Iftheythinkyourproductismarketable,theywillhelpyouto

getittotherightcompany.

Callthecompanyandmakeanappointment.Youwillwanttobringinamodelofyour

inventionandacompletedescriptionofyourideas.(4),Thenwhenyoumeetwiththem,you

canpresentitandtheywilltellyouhowmarketableitis.Iftheydecidetohelpyou,theywill

worktopresentittodifferentcompaniesandhelpyoutogotothenextstep.

⑸，getreadytogetthebenefitsofbecomingthenextgreatinventor.ltmaytakeayearor

two.Butthebenefitsareworththewait.

A.Ifthereisnopatent

B.Ifyouwanttobethenextinventor

C.Writedownexactlyaboutyourinvention

D.YouwillfindsomethingnewontheInternet

E.Onceyourinventionhasbeensoldtoalargecompany

F.Itcanhelpyoupresentyourideasandgetyourproducttotherightcompanies

G.Theywillhelpyoumakeyourdreamscometrueandbecomeafamousinventor

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

IfyoueverhaveachancetogotoFinland,youllprobablybesurprisedtofindhow“foolish”the

Finnishpeopleare.

Takethetaxidriversforexample.Youcango(21)onajourney,tellthedriverto(22)youatany

place,saythatyouhavesomebusinessto(23),andthatyouwillpaythetaxidriverlater.Hewill

agreewithoutany(24)butjustacceptyourwordsingood(25).

Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheir(26),butalsoprovidefoodfor

outside(27).Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sothey(28)gotothefreediningroomstohave

theirmeals,andthe(29)theywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregistrationcard

tothewaiter.Withsuch(30)check,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregistrationcardtotakeacouple

offriendstowineanddinefreeof(31).

Finnishworkersarepaidbythehour.IfyouworkinFinlandandhave(32)thebossonthehourly

rate,thenyoujustsayhowmanyhoursyouhaveworkedandyou'Hbepaid(33).

Withsomanyloopholesineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeagoodcountrytothose

who(34)totake"pettyadvantages".Butthe(35)thingis,allthetaxipassengersalwayscome

backtopaytheir(36)aftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness；nota(37)outsiderhaseverbeen

foundinthefreehoteldiningrooms；workersalwaysgivetheexacthourstheyhave(38).Asthe

Finnsalwaysactongoodfaithandalwayshavea(an)(39)of"rightisright"and"wrongis

wrong'*ineverythingtheydo,sotoliveinsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal

"gentleman".

Whatweregardedas"foolish0is(40)theFinnishpeople'swayoflife.

21.A.somewhereB.anywhereC.sometimeD.anytime

22.A.stopB.passC.dropD.pick

23.A.attendtoB.takecareC.takeupD.appealto

24.A.guaranteeB.anxietyC.passengerD.money

25.A.smileB.placeC.seatD.faith

26.A.mealsB.visitorsC.guestsD.cards

27.A.waitersB.dinersC.driversD.workers

28.A.naturallyB.respectivelyC.secretlyD.contently

29.A.bestB.worstC.mostD.least

30.A.strictB.completeC.troublesomeD.loose

31.A.registrationB.careC.chargeD.noise

32.A.paidforB.debatedwithC.talkedaboutD.agreedwith

33.A.accordinglyB.reluctantlyC.separatelyD.automatically

34.A.hesitateB.hateC.loveD.refuse

第6頁，共19頁

35.A.strangeB.confusingC.complexD.imaginative

36.A.businessB.tripC.fineD.fare

37.A.singleB.faithfulC.familiarD.usual

38.A.workedonB.putinC.spentonD.runout

39.A.religionB.lawC.idiomD.attitude

40.A.eventuallyB.accidentallyC.actuallyD.temporarily

41.AnunderwatervolcanooftheKingdomofTonga⑴(erupt)onJanuary-15,2022.The

13-mile-wideeruptioncausedlargeplumesofashandgasesashighas-19miles.(2)its

impactuponTongaremainedunknownfordays.Lessthan20minutesafterthe

explosion,theSouthPacificnation,whichconsists(3)170smallislands,wentdark.The

eruptionhaddamagedthesingleunderseaInternetcable,cuttingoffthe100,000Tongans

fromtherestoftheworld.

OnJanuary18,2022,theTongangovernmentfinallyprovideddetailsofthedisaster(4)

(use)satelliteInternet.Aerialimages(5)take)bysatellitesandairplanesshowthe

normallygreenislandnationtotallycoveredbyadenselayerofdarkgrayash.Many(6)

(area)remainfloodedfromthegiantwaveswhichwashedontoland,andtheusually

clearblueoceanhasturnedalittlebrown.

Tomakematters(7)(bad),adarkcloudofashstayedovertheislandnationforfourdays.

(8)consequent),thecountrieshaddifficultysendingmuch-neededsupplies.Tong^s(9)

(recover)willnotbeeasy.Therearereportsofwidespreaddamagetocrops,and

scientistsholdthebelief(10)theeruptionprobablykilledmostmarinelife.Theashhas

pollutedthewaterandifleftfortoolong.ltcouldalsoharmcropsandevenlivestock.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

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42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Onlinelearninghasbecomeanimportantwaytolearnrecently.However,onlinelearning

havebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

Itsadvantagesareobviously.ltallowsuslearnatanytimewhereverweare.Besides,itis

muchmoreeasierforustoabsorbresourceswhoareavailableonline.However,its

disadvantagescannotbeignoring.Staringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultous

eyes.Worsestill,wedon'thavemanyopportunitytointeractwithteachersandclassmates.

Thenhowtobesmartonlinelearners?First,weshoulddiscussproblemswithothers

courageously.Second,itiswisetotaketheshortbreakafterlearningforhalfanhour.

Onconclusion,onlybybeingsmartonlinelearnerscanwetrulyenjoythebenefitsof

modemtechnology.

43.假如你是班長李華，暑假即將來臨，請你用英文給全班同學寫一封建議信。內(nèi)容包

括：1.生活、學習及愛好等方面的建議；2.暑假祝福。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dearclassmates,

Yours,

LiHua

(1)

⑵

第8頁，共19頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、D、C

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一本推薦書籍Recommendedbook：Lifeis

Elsewhere,1969,byMilanKundera標題下的第二段Experiencetheartist'spassionatelifein

thebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrent

life.（在中歐之旅中體驗書中藝術(shù)家的激情生活。這本書邀請你深刻反思你現(xiàn)在的生活。）

可知，如果你想探索中歐，你應(yīng)該在旅行中帶MilanKundera的書。故選B。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)推薦的第三本書Recommendedbook：AYearinProvence,1989,

byPeterMayle標題下的第一句Provence,well-knownforitslavender（薰衣草）,isnotonly

atouristattraction,butmoreasymbolofalifestyle.（以薰衣草聞名的普羅旺斯不僅是一個

旅游景點，更是一種生活方式的象征。）可知，普羅旺斯以薰衣草而聞名。故選D。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)推薦的第四本書Recommendedbook：MynameIsRed,1998,

byOrhanPamuk標題下的第一句Thebook,featuringapeakmasterpieceoftheNobelPrize

winnerinLiterature,OrhanPamuk,hasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesand

publishedaroundtheworld.（這本書是諾貝爾文學獎得主奧爾罕?帕慕克的巔峰之作，己

被翻譯成50多種語言在世界各地出版。）可知，Mymzme/s&d這本書可能會吸引對

諾貝爾文學獎感興趣的人。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。旅行，就像閱讀一樣，是一種令人耳目一新的旅行，也是一種從繁

忙的世界中暫時逃離的方式。文章主要向大家推薦了四本在旅行中可以帶上的書。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正

確的選擇。

4~7.【答案】C、D、A

【解析】（1）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Alongwithateamofflavorists,Samhelps

blendahugegroupofflavorsforclients.（山姆和一群調(diào)味師一起，為客戶混合了大量的

口味。）可知，Sam為顧客調(diào)配各種口味。和B項內(nèi)容一致。故選C項。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段OnebigadvantageofanAIrobotisthatithasnocognitive

bias（認知偏見）.ThislackofhumanprejudiceshelpsFirmenichtogetpastanyunconscious

leaningoftheflavorists.TheobjectivityofSam,lackinginfluencesthatcanaffecteventhemost

professionalofflavorists,allowsittoworkatspeed.nItaddsvaluebycombiningtheknowledge

ofalltheotherflavoristshere/'saysSaracchi.（人工智能機器人的一大優(yōu)勢是它沒有認知

偏見。這種人類偏見的缺乏幫助菲爾曼尼奇克服了任何無意識的味學家的傾向。山姆不

受可以影響到最專業(yè)的調(diào)味師的一些因素的影響，這種客觀性，使它可以更快速地工作。

薩拉奇說：它結(jié)合了這里所有其他調(diào)香師的知識，從而增加了價值。）可知，通過結(jié)合

這里其他所有調(diào)味師的知識來增加了價值。所以Saracchi對AI廚師Sam的態(tài)度是積極

的。故選B項。

（3）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段OnebigadvantageofanAIrobotisthatithasnocognitive

bias（認知偏見）.ThislackofhumanprejudiceshelpsFirmenichtogetpastanyunconscious

leaningoftheflavorists.TheobjectivityofSam,lackinginfluencesthatcanaffectevenIhemost

professionalofflavorists,allowsittoworkatspeed,"Itaddsvaluebycombiningtheknowledge

ofalltheotherflavoristshere,"saysSaracchi.（人工智能機器人的一大優(yōu)勢是它沒有認知偏

見。這種人類偏見的缺乏幫助菲爾曼尼奇克服了任何無意識的口味學家的傾向。山姆不

受可以影響到最專業(yè)的調(diào)味師的一些因素的影響，這種客觀性，使它可以更快速地工作。

薩拉奇說：它結(jié)合了這里所有其他調(diào)香師的知識，從而增加了價值。）可知，第四段主

要介紹了AI廚師Sam的突出的特點。故選D項。

（4）A.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段NicolasMaireisthemodelofaprofessionalFrenchchef

withyearsofexperience.Tohelpperfecttheflavorsoftheinnovativefoods,Mr.Mairehasa

newassistantchefintheformofSam,anartificialintelligencerobot.（NicolasMaire是一個

具有多年經(jīng)驗的專業(yè)法國廚師的典范。為了讓這些創(chuàng)新食物的味道更完美，梅爾請了一

個新的助理廚師一人工智能機器人山姆。）可知，本文介紹梅爾有了機器人助理廚師，

全文在分析機器人廚師的優(yōu)勢，廚師們利用機器人廚師來讓食品的口味變得更加完美。

AI廚師可以更快更好地調(diào)配出不同的美味，滿足不同顧客的需求，這也是梅爾之所以

使用機器人助理廚師的原因。由此可知，A項WhyChefsAreTurningtoAI（為什么廚

師向AI機器人求助）適合作本文最佳標題。故選A項。

本文是說明文。文章講述了廚師們利用人工智能機器人Sam來讓食品的口味變得更加

完美。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子

的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Theamountofplasticpollutionintheoceans

israpidlyincreasing.Thisisproblematic,asatleast700kindsofoceananimals—including

sharks,whales,seabirdsandturtles-canbecomecaughtinthestufformistakeitforatasty

snack.（海洋中的塑料污染數(shù)量正在迅速增加。這是有問題的，因為至少700種海洋動

物-包括鯊魚、鯨魚、海鳥和海龜-可能會被這種東西吸引，或者誤以為它是美味的零

食）可推知，第一段的作用是向讀者展示研究結(jié)果。故選A。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Butwhenfacingoceansoakedplasticorturtlefood,they

stucktheirnosesoutofthewaterandshowedincreasedactivity.（但當面對浸泡在海水中的

塑料或海龜食物時，它們會把鼻子伸出水面，表現(xiàn)出更強的活動）可知，根據(jù)這項研究，

海龜更喜歡海水浸泡的塑料的氣味。故選D。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的Thisfindingisimportantbecauseit'sthefirstproofthat

thesmellofoceanplasticscausesanimalstoeatthem（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要，因為它首次證明

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海洋塑料的氣味會導致動物食用它們）可知，海龜吃塑料，因為它散發(fā)食物的氣味。故

選C。

（4）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Oncetheseplasticsareintheocean,wedon'thavea

goodwaytoremovethemorpreventthemfromsmellinglikefood,"saidLohmann."Thebest

thingwecandoistokeepplasticfromgettingintotheoceanatall."（Lohmann說："一旦這

些塑料進入海洋，我們沒有一個好的方法來清除它們，或者防止它們聞起來像食物。我

們能做的最好的事情就是阻止塑料進入海洋?？芍琄ennethJLohmann認為我們應(yīng)

該保持無塑料的海洋。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，海龜會因為海洋中的塑料垃圾散發(fā)出食

物的味道而食用它們，介紹了研究開展的過程以及帶來的啟示。

做這類題材的閱讀理解時要求考生對文章先通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性

的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基

礎(chǔ)上進行合理地分析，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】C、B、C、A

【解析】（1）C.段落大意題。由開頭提問"Whyisbodylanguagesoimportant?（為什

么肢體語言如此重要？）"以及后續(xù)回答"Studieshaveshownthatintheprocessof

communication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.This

meansthat"howtosay"ismoreimportantthan"whattosay".Ofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthat

youdon'tneedtodopreparationforyourinterviews,nordoesitmeanthatyoucantakeany

shortcuts.Onthecontrary,thismeansthatyouhavemorethingstopayattentiontoandprepare

for.（研究表明，在交流過程中，非語言表達的影響比實際文本大65%到93%。這意味

著“怎么說”比"說什么"更重要。當然，這并不意味著你不需要為面試做準備，也不意味

著你可以走任何捷徑。相反，這意味著你有更多的事情需要注意和準備。）”等語句可

知，本段主要闡述肢體語言的重要性，我們應(yīng)該非常重視肢體語言。故選C。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段AmyCuddy說的話"Peoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfrom

actions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectlyaffectlives：forexample,whowillbe

employedandwhowillbepromoted.（人們通?？梢詮男袨橹凶龀鐾茢?，而這些推斷的結(jié)

果直接影響生活：例如，誰將被錄用，誰將被提升。）”可知，AmyCuddy認為人們通

常從肢體語言判斷一個人，身體語言影響他人對我們的印象，并且這些判斷結(jié)果直接影

響生活，所以身體語言對我們來說很重要，因為它影響人們對我們的印象。故選B。

（3）C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文"Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyrelaxed.Youcan

evenstandwitharelativelyauthoritativeposture（姿勢）（相反，你應(yīng)該試著保持你的身

體放松。你甚至可以以一個相對權(quán)威的姿勢站立）“instead表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此推斷上文

"Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhave

ahunchedback.（因此，在面試或重要會議之前，盡量不要依靠于任何物體或have

ahunchedback。）"說明站立時不要依靠任何物體或者haveahunchedback,這里的"a

hunchedback"指”一個好看的姿勢"，因此推斷劃線詞hunched,指”弓身，弓背"，故結(jié)合

選項：A.Brokendown.崩潰；B.Tiedbehind.被綁在后面；C.Bentforward灣腰向前；

D.Straightenedup.站直。故選C。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的不"InIherealworkplace,bodylanguageismuchmore

importantthanyouthink.（在真實的工作場所，肢體語言比你想象的要重要得多。）"

和最后一段的“Bodylanguageplaysacrucialroleinyourjobinterviews,careers,andeveryday

life.（肢體語言在你的工作面試、職業(yè)生涯和日常生活中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。）"可

知，文章探討的是身體語言在職場中的重要性，且部分語句直接以第二人稱與讀者交流,

給出一些建議，因此推斷文章的意向讀者是職場新人。故選A。

本文是說明文。主要介紹身體語言在職場中的重要性，并給予讀者一些建議。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料；其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材

料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善

于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，

仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

16~20.【答案】G、A、F、C、E

【解析】（1）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Herearesomestepsthatyoucantake.（以下是您

可以采取的一些步驟。）這里有一些你可以采取的步驟。結(jié)合選項G.Theywillhelpyou

makeyourdreamscometrueandbecomeafamousinventor（他們將幫助你實現(xiàn)夢想，成為

著名的發(fā)明家），可知說的是這些步驟的好處。故選G。

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前文Ifnot