Verb-edform芷江一中馮本發(fā)Unit3GrammarandusageV-edattributeObjectcomplementpredicativeV-ed+n.adv./n.+V-ed+n.n.+V-edIcanalsoactasadverbialtomodifyverbslikestand,sitandlie.adverbialShelaytrappedunderthebuildingfor3days....foundthefrontwindowsbrokenIfIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbaby.Ithinkthescientificadvancesmentionedinyourarticleareinteresting.MygrandfatherwasdelightedtohearIhadpassedmyexams.Haveyoufoundtheanswers?1.disappointed2.puzzled

3.erested

5.boredHaveyounoticedinwhatsituationtheyareused?Youlooktired.I’mboredwithit.I’mburnedout.Youwillbepleased.That’sdisappointing.Justimaginehowchallengingschoolworkis.Verb-ed:

usedtosayhowwefeelaboutsb.orsth.UsuallypassiveinmeaningVerb-ing:

uesedtodescribesb.orsth.thatcausescertainfeeling.UsuallyactiveinmeaningUsually,thesewordsareinpairs.DisappointdisappointeddisappointingExciteexcitedexcitingShockshockedshockingSurprisesurprisedsurprisingAmazeamazedamazingFrightenfrightenedfrighteningMovemovedmovingPuzzlepuzzledpuzzlingConfuseconfusedconfusingAndwecandevelopthestoryinanotherway…Brooksattherecomplaining,“Howbored!”Jimmysatthereconcentratedonpainting.Cool!TomranfasthopingtojoinJimmyinnotime.Garfieldstaredatthescene,lostinthought.Enn…Conclusion:LiketheVerb-ingform,theVerb-edformcanbeaverb-edonitsown.Itcanalsobefollowedbyanobjectand/oradverbial,andthenwecallitaverb-edphrase.Verb-edphrasesJimmysatthereconcentratedonpainting.Brooksattherecomplaining,

“Howbored!”Tomranfast

hopingtojoinJimmyinnotime.Garfieldstaredatthescene,lostinthought.describeasupportingstatedescribeasupportingstateDescribeareasonDescribeanactionhappeningatthesametime.Verb-edphrasescanexpresstime,reasonandcondition.1.Thescientistshascopiedahumancell,assistedbyrecentadvancesinmedicalscience.=Thescientistscopiedahumancell,andatthattimewasassistedbyrecentadvancesinmedicalscience.2.Shockedbythearticle,thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaper.=Thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaperbecauseshewasshockedbythenews.3.Treatedwithelectricity,thecelltissuewillsplitintoseveralparts.=Ifitistreatedwithelectricitythecelltissuewillsplitintoseveralparts.Canyouseewhyv-edformisusedhere?verbVerb’sunderstoodsubjectSubjectofthemainclauseCompare:TomranfasthopingtojoinJimmyinnotime.Tomran/TomhopedGarfieldstaredatthescene,lostinthought.Garfieldstared/GarfieldwaslostinthoughtThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.Madetoapologize,theboyfeltupset.Wecanalsousethepatternconjunction+verb-edtoexpresstimeandcondition.Thecommonconjunctionsare

when,whenever,once,until,unless,andif.1.When(shewas)askedwhoshewas,thelittlegirlkeptsilent.2.If(Iam)invited,Iwillgo.3.Iwon’tgounless(Iam)invited.4.Once(itis)started,theplanneedstobecarriedoutwithoutstop.Whetherweuseverb-ingorverb-eddependsontheverbanditsunderstoodsubjectwhenitexpressesactive/passivemeaningswhetherit’shappeningorpastactionWhetheritissomethingthatcausescertainfeelingsorsomethingthatsayshowwefeelaboutsomethingorsomebodyWhenitcomestoperfectformandresult,wemustusev-ingformHavingfinishedthework,helefttheoffice.Hefailedthetest,makinghisparentsangry.Canyoudevelopthestoryinanotherway?Havingsatlikethisforawholeday,I’mreallyborednow!Givenfivemoreminutes,Iwillgetitdone!Caughtinthetrafficjam,TomhadtogiveupthetaxiandrantomeetJimmyandBrook!CatchingsightofpoorTomandBrook,Garfieldcouldn’thelplaughing.SummaryTheverb-edformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentence.Averb-edfromcanbeusedastheattributive,predicativeandobjectcomplement.Averb-edcanmodifyaverb,suchasstand,sitandlietoexpressastate.Theverb-edformcanexpresspassivemeaningsaswellaspastmeanings.Practicemakesperfect!1.

fromspace,theearth,withwater

seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikeablueball.A.Seen;coveredB.Seen;coveringC.Seeing;coveringD.Seeing;covered

2.Sheiswritingalettertoherfriend,

himtoattendtheparty.A.havinginvitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited3.

thesound,manypeoplecame

toseewhathadhappened.Heard;ranB.Hearing;runningC.Hearing;torunD.Heard;running4.

awayfromthenoise,shewasconsidering

tothecountry.A.Being;movingB.Tobe;movingC.Being;tomoveD.Tobe;tomove5.Thecomputercenter,

lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened6.Thepolicemanputdownthephone

withasmileonhisface.A.satisfiedB.satisfyingC.tobesatisfiedD.havingsatisfied7.Hewassofoolishastoleavehiscar

outsidethesupermarket.A.notlockB.unlockingC.unlockedD.nottobelocked8.

,hewenttoaskhisteacherforhelp.A.KnowingnothowtodoitB