千里之行，始于足下。第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦英語語言學試題及答案英語語言學試題（1）

I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)

1、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,itissaidtobe___.

A、prescriptive

B、sociolinguistic

C、descriptive

D、psycholinguistic

2、Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.

A、mouth

B、lips

C、tongue

D、vocalcords

3、Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa(n)___.

A、boundmorpheme

B、boundform

C、inflectionalmorpheme

D、freemorpheme

4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause.

A、coordinator

B、particle

C、preposition

D、subordinator

5、"CanIborrowyourbike"_____"Youhaveabike."

A、issynonymouswith

B、isinconsistentwith

C、entails

D、presupposes

6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencesthewayspeakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.

A、semantics

B、pragmatics

C、sociolinguistics

D、psycholinguistics

7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,whichare___orgeneralization.

A、elaboration

B、simplification

C、externalborrowing

D、internalborrowing

8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.

A、Linguafranca

B、Creole

C、Pidgin

D、Standardlanguage

9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,inadditiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulationofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,namely,___.

A、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus

B、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex

C、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons

D、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea

10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.

A、learning

B、competence

C、performance

D、acquisition

II.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%×10=10%)

11、Chomskydefines"competence"astheidealuser'sk_______oftherulesofhislanguage.

12、Thefoursounds/p/,/b/,/m/and/w/haveonefeatureincommon,,theyareallb______.

13、M_______isabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.

14、As______isastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprises

anumberofwordstoformacompletestatement,questionorcommand.

15、Synonymsthataremutuallysubstitutableunderallcircumstancesarecalledc______synonyms.

16、Theillocutionarypointofr_____istocommitthespeakertosomething'sbeingthecase,tothetruthofwhathasbeensaid.

17、Wordsarecreatedoutrighttofitsomepurpose.Suchamethodofenlargingthevocabularyisknownaswordc______.

18、Whereverthestandardlanguagecanuseacontraction(he+is→he's),BlackEnglishcand___theformof"be".

19、Thebasicessentialsofthefirstlanguageareacquiredintheshortperiodfromaboutagetwotopuberty,whichiscalledthec______periodforfirstlanguageacquisition.

20、Asatypeoflinguisticsystemin12learning,I______isaproductofL2training,mothertongueintereference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.

III.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhy

youthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%×10=20%)

()21、Inmodernlinguisticstudies,thewrittenformoflanguageisgivenmoreemphasisthanthespokenformforanumberofreasons.

()22、VoicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginbothChineseandEnglish.

()23、Thecompoundword"bookstore"istheplacewherebooksaresold.Thisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundisthesumtotalofthemeaningsofitscomponents.

()24、Syntacticcategoriesrefertosentences(S)andclauses(C)only.()25、DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithinthevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.

()26、OnlywhenamaximunderCooperativePrincipleisblatantlyviolatedandthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversationalimplicaturesarise.

()27、TheterritoryinwhichtheIndo-EuropeanlanguagesaremainlyspokentodayalsoincludeslanguagesthatarenotIndo-European.

()28、Inmostbilingualcommunities,twolanguageshavethesamein

speechsituationsknownasdomains.

()29、AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,speakers'perceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.()30、Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirstlanguage.

IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%×10=30%)

31、duality

32、diachroniclinguistics

33、broadtranscription

34、morphologicalrules

35、phrasestructurerule

36、relationalopposites

37、componentialanalysis

38、context

39、euphemism

40、brainlateralization

V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%×2=20%)

41、Explainhowtheinventoryofsoundscanchange,givingsomeexamplesinEnglishforillustration.

42、Brieflydiscusstheindividualfactorswhichaffecttheacquisitionofasecondlanguage.

語言學試題(1)參考答案

一、單項挑選題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）

1、C

2、C

3、D

4、D

5、D

6、B

7、B

8、C

9、A10、D

二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）

11、knowledge

12、bilabial

13、morphology

14、sentence

15、complete

16、representatives

17、coinage

18、delete

19、critical

20、interlanguage

三、推斷改錯題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）

21、F

Actuallymodernlinguisticslaysmoreemphasisonthespokenformoflanguagethanthewrittenformforanumberofreasons.

22、F

VoicingdistinguishesmeaninginEnglishbutnotinChinese.

23、F

Themeaningofsomecompoundwordshasnothingtodowiththesumtotalofthemeaningsoftheircomponents,suchasthecompound"redcoat".

24、F

ApartfromSandC,theyalsorefertoaword,oraphrasethatperforms

aparticulargrammaticalfunction.

25、F

DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundnotonlyindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutalsowithinthevarietyitself.Forexample,withinBritishEnglish,"girl"iscalled"lassie"inScottishdialect,and"liquor"iscalled"whishey"inIrishdialect.

26、T

27、T

28、F

Theyhaveafairlyclearfairlyclearfunctionaldifferentiation,.onelanguagemaybeusedinsomedomains,otherlanguageinotherdomains.

29、F

Thetruestatementis"AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,languagedeterminesspeakers'perceptionsandpatternstheirwayoflife"

30、T

四、名詞解釋題（本大題共10小題，每小題3分，共30分）

31、Oneofthemajordefiningfeaturesofhumanlanguage.Humanlanguageconsistsoftwolevels.Atthelowerlevel,therearealimitednumberofsoundswhicharemeaninglesswhileatthehigherlevelthereareanunlimitednumberofcombinationsofthesesounds.Itisalsoknownasdoublearticulation.

32、Linguisticsthatstudieslanguageoveraperiodoftime,alsoknownashistoricallinguistics,studyoftheChineselanguagesincetheendoftheQingdynastyuptothepresent.

33、Awaytotranscribespeechsounds.Thebasicprincipleistouseonelettertoindicateonesound.Itisgenerallyusedindictionariesandlanguageteachingtextbooks.

34、Therulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeofstemtoformanewword,canbeaddedtoanountoformanadjective.

35、arewriterulethatallowsforthepossiblecombinationsofwordstoformphrasesandsentences

36、Relationalopposites,akindofantonyms,refertopairsofwordsthatexhibitthereversalofarelationshipbetweenthetwoitems.Forexample,"husband"and"wife","father"and"son"etc.

37、Componentialanalysisisawayproposedbythestructuralsemanticiststoanalyzewordmeaning.Theapproachisbaseduponthebeliefthatthe

meaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.Forexample,theword"man"isanalyzedascomprisingof+HUMAN,+ADULT,+ANIMATE,+MALE.

38、Contextisregardedasconstitutedbyallkindsofknowledgeassumedtobesha