新概念英語(yǔ)第冊(cè)聽(tīng)力資料：Hobbies。Hobbies業(yè)余愛(ài)好Firstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。Who,accordingtotheauthor,are'Fortune'sfavouredchildren'?AgiftedAmericanpsychologisthassaid,'Worryisaspasmoftheemotion;themindcatchesholdofsomethingandwillnotletitgo.'Itisuselesstoarguewiththemindinthiscondition.Thestrongerthewill,themorefutilethetask.Onecanonlygentlyinsinuatesomethingelseintoitsconvulsivegrasp.Andifthissomethingelseisrightlychosen,ifitisreallyattendedbytheilluminationofanotherfieldofinterest,gradually,andoftenquiteswiftly,theoldunduegriprelaxesandtheprocessofrecuperationandrepairbegins.Thecultivationofahobbyandnewformsofinterestisthereforeapolicyofthefirstimportancetoapublicman.Butthisisnotabusinessthatcanbeundertakeninadayorswiftlyimprovisedbyamerecommandofthewill.Thegrowthofalternativementalinterestsisalongprocess.Theseedsmustbecarefullychosen;theymustfallongoodground;theymustbesedulouslytended,ifthevivifyingfruitsaretobeathandwhenneeded.Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay：'Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.'Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyetgethardlyanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses：thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallabourer,tiredoutwithahardweek'ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.Asfortheunfortunatepeoplewhocancommandeverythingtheywant,whocangratifyeverycapriceandlaytheirhandsonalmosteveryobjectofdesire--forthemanewpleasure,anewexcitementisonlyanadditionalsatiation.Invaintheyrushfranticallyroundfromplacetoplace,tryingtoescapefromavengingboredombymereclatterandmotion.Forthemdisciplineinoneformoranotheristhemosthopefulpath.Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses：first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondlythosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune'sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidays,whentheycome,aregrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclasses,theneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthosewhoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.WINSTONCHURCHLLPaintingasaPastimeNewwordsandexpressions生詞與短語(yǔ)giftedadj.有天才的psychologistn.心理學(xué)家spasmn.一陣（感情）發(fā)作futileadj.無(wú)用的insinuatev.便潛入，暗示convulsiveadj.起痙攣的illuminationn.啟發(fā)，照明undueadj.不造當(dāng)?shù)膅ripn.緊張recuperationn.休息improvisev.臨時(shí)作成sedulouslyadv.孜孜不倦地vivifyv.使生氣勃勃aggravatev.加劇triflingadj.微小的gratifyv.便滿意capricen.任性satiationn.滿足franticallyadv.狂亂地avengev.替…報(bào)復(fù)boredomn.厭煩clattern.喧鬧的談話sustenancen.生計(jì)appetiten.欲望grudgev.怨恨absorbingadj.引人入勝的banishv.排除，放棄本文參考譯文一位天才的美國(guó)心理學(xué)家以前說(shuō)過(guò)：“煩惱是感情的發(fā)作，此時(shí)腦子糾纏住了某種東西又不肯松手?！痹谶@種情況下，你又和頭腦爭(zhēng)吵讓它松手是無(wú)濟(jì)于事的。這種意志越是強(qiáng)烈，這種嘗試越是徒勞。你只能緩和而巧紗地讓另一種東西進(jìn)入痙攣僵持的頭腦中。如果選得合適，而且的確受到別的領(lǐng)域的情趣的啟迪，那么逐步地，往往也是很順利地，原先不適當(dāng)?shù)木o張就會(huì)松弛下來(lái)，恢復(fù)和修整的過(guò)程就會(huì)開(kāi)始。所以，對(duì)一個(gè)從事社會(huì)活動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，培養(yǎng)一種業(yè)余愛(ài)好和各種新的興趣是關(guān)等重要的作法。但這并非一日之功，也不是單憑一蹴而就的事。精神上多種情趣的培養(yǎng)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程。要想在需要的時(shí)候可隨手摘取充滿生機(jī)的果實(shí)，那就必然從選良種做起，然后將其植入肥沃的土地，還需要勤勉地護(hù)理。一個(gè)人要想真正感到幸福和平安，至少應(yīng)有兩三種愛(ài)好，而且都比較實(shí)際。到了晚年才開(kāi)始說(shuō)：“我會(huì)對(duì)這些人或那個(gè)人發(fā)生興趣”，已沒(méi)有用了。這種愿望只能加劇精神緊張。一個(gè)人可能會(huì)獲得與其日常工作無(wú)關(guān)的某些課題的淵博知識(shí)，而沒(méi)有從中得到什么實(shí)益或?qū)捨俊８赡闼矚g的事是沒(méi)有用的，你喜歡你所干的事。泛泛地說(shuō)，人能夠分為3類：勞累至死的人、憂慮至死的人、無(wú)聊至死的人。對(duì)于流汗出力干了一周苦活的體力勞動(dòng)者來(lái)說(shuō)，讓他們?cè)谛瞧诹挛缭偬咦闱蚧虼驂厩蚴遣缓线m的;同樣，對(duì)于為嚴(yán)肅的公務(wù)操勞或煩惱了6天的政界人士、專業(yè)人員、商人來(lái)說(shuō)，在周未再讓他們?yōu)楝嵤露鴦?dòng)腦子和憂慮也是無(wú)益的。至于那些能任意支配一切的“可憐的人”，他們能夠恣意妄為，能染指一切追求的目標(biāo)。對(duì)這種人來(lái)說(shuō)，多一種新的樂(lè)趣、多一種新的刺激僅僅增加一分厭膩而已。他們到處奔亂跑，企圖以閑聊和亂竄來(lái)擺脫無(wú)聊對(duì)他們的報(bào)復(fù)，但這是徒勞的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，用某種形式的紀(jì)律約束他們一下才能有希望使他們走上正道。也能夠這樣說(shuō)，理智的，勤勞的、有用的人能夠分為兩類：第一類是他分清工作是工作，娛樂(lè)是娛樂(lè)的人;第二類人的工作和娛樂(lè)是一回事。這兩