課時(shí)提能練(三十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2019·濟(jì)南模擬)Lima，thecapitalofPeru(秘魯)，hascountlessmuseumsthattouristscan'taffordtomiss.NowstartpackingupandprepareforyourperfectPeruvianhistoryexplorationatthesewonderfulmuseums.LarcoMuseumSteppinginside，visitorsgettolearnthe4，000yearsofPeruvianpre-Columbianhistorythroughanunbelievablecollectionofobjects.ThebestthingaboutthemuseumisthatitkeepsthedoortotheStoreroomopentovisitorssothattheycanadmireitscollectionclosely.GoldMuseumofPeruIfyoulikeshinyobjectsorpreciousmetals，thenplanatriptoGoldMuseumofPeru.Inancienttimes，thePeruvianpeoplewerecelebratedfortheirskillswithmetals.Andthemuseumisaimedatpreservingthisheritage.LimaArtMuseumArtexpertsaremuchpleasedasthecityisalsohometoLimaArtMuseum.Itspermanentexhibitofover1，200piecesismerelyasmallpartofitsamazingcollectionmorethan17，000artifacts.ThehighlightofthemuseumisitscollectionofCarlosBaea-Flormasterpieces，whichisconsideredtobethemostcompletesetintheworld.MuseumofItalianArtTheonlymuseumdedicatedtoEuropeanartinPeru，MuseumofItalianArtisastorehouseofclassicalandcontemporarypaintingsandsculpturesbelongingtothe20thcentury.ThepropertyiseasilyaccessiblebyashortwalkfromLimaArtMuseum.◆MuseumofNaturalHistoryLastbutcertainlynottheleastistheMuseumofNaturalHistory.GivingaglimpseintotherichbiodiversityinPeru，themuseumhasondisplaytheskeletonsofaspermwhaleandfossilsofseveralmammals.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了秘魯國都利馬市的五個(gè)各具特點(diǎn)的博物館。1．InwhichmuseumcanvisitorsentertheStoreroom?A．LarcoMuseum.B．GoldMuseumofPeru.C．LimaArtMuseum.D．MuseumofNaturalHistory.-1-[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LarcoMuseum部分中的“ThebestthingaboutthemuseumisthatitkeepsthedoortotheStoreroomopentovisitorssothattheycanadmireitscollectionclosely”可知，這個(gè)博物館最棒的地方在于它對(duì)旅客敞開了通往儲(chǔ)蓄室的門，這樣旅客就能夠近距離賞識(shí)它的珍藏品了。故旅客能夠進(jìn)入儲(chǔ)蓄室的博物館是LarcoMuseum，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。]2．WhatmakesGoldMuseumofPerudifferentfromothermuseums?A．Itsexhibitsofdiversitiesofanimals.B．Itslargecollectionofobjects.C．Itsclassicalpaintingsandsculptures.D．ItsdisplayofPeruvianskillswithmetals.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)GoldMuseumofPeru部分中的“thePeruvianpeoplewerecelebratedfortheirskillswithmetals.Andthemuseumisaimedatpreservingthisheritage”可知，秘魯人民因其金屬技藝而有名，GoldMuseumofPeru旨在保護(hù)這一遺產(chǎn)。所以GoldMuseumofPeru與其余博物館的不一樣之處在于它展現(xiàn)并保護(hù)了秘魯人民的金屬技藝，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。]3．WhichmuseumistheclosesttoLimaArtMuseum?A．MuseumofNaturalHistory.B．MuseumofItalianArt.C．LarcoMuseum.D．GoldMuseumofPeru.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MuseumofItalianArt部分中的“ThepropertyiseasilyaccessiblebyashortwalkfromLimaArtMuseum”可知，MuseumofItalianArt距離LimaArtMuseum只有一小段路，所以離LimaArtMuseum近來的就是MuseumofItalianArt，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。]B(2019·武漢調(diào)研)WhenIgraduatedfromtheUniversityofIowalastyear，Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa，whereIhadfriendsandstability，toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco.Atschool，Ihadfoundajobdrivingaschoolbussopeopleasked，“Whyonearthareyouleaving？”Well，atgraduationIwaspresentedwithtwothings—adegreeinpsychologyandaquestion.Itwasthesameonethatmanyinmygenerationgot：“WhatdoIdonow？”Itwasasdifficultasitwascommon.That'sbecausemanypeopleatmyagewereraisedwiththesamewords，repeatedoverandoverbyparents，teachersandTV，that“youcanbewhateveryouwanttobe”．Asayoungboy，everytimewhenIwaspuzzledabout-2-myfuture，theywouldsaythattheywouldbehappyifIwashappy.However，whatIneededwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea，forexample，“beadoctor，orbeabusdriver”．Myexperiencewasbynomeansuniversal.ManyAmericansaretaughtbytheirparentsthattheonlypurposeinlifeistoattainmoneyandpower.Asagoal，thisseemsmucheasierandclearerthanfinding“happiness”or“gentleness”．Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill，ratherassumingthatsomethingwouldmagicallyhappentoovercometheirproblems.Theyoftengetarealshockwhentheyenterthe“realworld”andfindthattheiroptionsareverylimited.Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating，orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents.Mylifeontheboatishardattimes，especiallyduringstorms.Butthisismysmallattempttobehappyonmyown.I'mnotbuyingintomynation'sideaoflimitlesspossibilitiesbecauseIfeelthatstopsthegrowthofmanyoftoday'syouth.【語篇解讀】本文是文化教育類夾敘夾議文。作者用自己的經(jīng)歷指出現(xiàn)在美國的一個(gè)社會(huì)問題：青少年需要父親母親更加詳細(xì)的指引和教育，讓他們知道自己未來詳細(xì)想要做什么，而不是簡單地告訴他們“成為你想成為的人”。4．Whywerethefriendsconfusedaboutthewriter'sleaving?A．Hewastiredofdriving.B．Hesuddenlyquitschool.C．Hewouldlosehisfriends.D．Hewouldleadachanginglife.D[推理判斷題。依據(jù)題干中的重點(diǎn)詞confused定位到文章第一段中的“Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa，whereIhadfriendsandstability，toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco”可知，作者走開了艾奧瓦州，那邊有他的朋友，有穩(wěn)固的工作，但他去了舊金山鄰近的一個(gè)船屋，開始自己一種新的生活，他的朋友們對(duì)他的這類做法很不理解，故答案是D。]5．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheguidancehegotfromAmericansociety?A．It'sspecific.B．It'swrong.C．It'sgeneral.D．It'scorrect.C[推理判斷題。依據(jù)題干中的重點(diǎn)詞guidance定位到文章的第二段，這一段敘述了作者關(guān)于來自別人的指導(dǎo)的想法；依據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，特別是此中的“whatIneededwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea”可知，作者想要的是詳細(xì)的建議，故可推知他以為他獲得的指導(dǎo)是廣泛的，故答案是C。]-3-6．WhatdirectlycausedalotofAmericanstohavejobslowerthantheirexpectations?A．Theirachievablegoals.B．Thepracticalguidance.C．Beingshockedbytherealworld.D．Lackingprofessionalcompetence.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的重點(diǎn)詞“jobslowerthantheirexpectations”定位到文章第三段最后一句“Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating，orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents”(我的好多朋友在畢業(yè)后都當(dāng)了服務(wù)生或廚師，或許搬回去跟父親母親住在一同)，上文剖析了致使這類狀況的原由“Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill”，也就是說，父親母親的這類教育方式致使好多孩子沒有去仔細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)技術(shù)。故答案是D。]7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．StaywhereyouareB．BewhateveryouwanttobeC．BlindfaithinindustrialsocietyD．Mistakenbeliefinlimitlesspossibilities[要旨粗心題。文章主要論述了作者指出目前美國的一個(gè)社會(huì)問題：父親母親沒有給孩子提出詳細(xì)的、明確的建議，教育其孩子把錢和權(quán)利當(dāng)作了生活的獨(dú)一目標(biāo)，這致使好多孩子沒有去仔細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)技術(shù)，在走上社會(huì)以后遇到了影響，只好去做一些很低層次的工作。根據(jù)最后一段中的“I'mnotbuying...today'syouth”可知，作者責(zé)備了這類教育方式，并且不再相信美國社會(huì)的“無窮可能”的信念。所以答案是D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·長沙檢測(cè))Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour__1__wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample,whilewearelookingforwardto__2__anewplaceorcountry,we__3__whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat,dressandact.Ofcourse,wedonotalwayspredictthings__5__.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe.Oneofthe__7__dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist,Kekule,whohadbeen__8__toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays,butthere__10__tobenoway-4-up,herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis__13__.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnotist(催眠者)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke__14__：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.voice,your__16__willgetheavier.Soonyou'llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand__17__mywords,butyourbodywillbeasleep,youreyesaretooheavy.Youare__18__asleep,andwhenyouwakeupyouwill__19__nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIamgoingto__20__slowlyfromonetofive.One,two,three,four,five...”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文經(jīng)過德國科學(xué)家Kekule的故事，說了然人類大腦的奇特能力。1．A.brainsB．sensesC．mindsD．sightsC[依據(jù)前一句“Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture”可知，人類思想最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一就是有想象未來的能力；據(jù)此可知，空處指“思想”，故C項(xiàng)正確。]2．A.visitingB．seekingC．reachingD．discoveringA[依據(jù)該句中的“anewplaceorcountry”能夠判斷，當(dāng)我們希望去觀光(visiting)某個(gè)新地方或新國家時(shí)，我們老是想象(imagine)那邊會(huì)是什么樣子。]3．A.imagineB．knowC．feelD．guess[拜見上題分析。]4．A.customB．habitC．styleD．wayD[依據(jù)該段最后一句中的“theway”，并聯(lián)合該句“Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat，dressandact”可知，我們總會(huì)展望(這個(gè)地方的)人們的飲食、穿著和行為方式。D項(xiàng)意為“方式”，切合語境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“民俗”；B項(xiàng)意為“習(xí)慣”；C項(xiàng)意為“風(fēng)格”。]5．A.quicklyB．simplyC．correctlyD．neatlyC[依據(jù)空處后一句“Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe”可知，事物老是不一樣于我們料想的那樣；據(jù)此能夠判斷，我們不是總能正確地-5-(correctly)展望事物。]6．A.requiredB．wishedC．leftD．expectedD[拜見上題分析。expect“料想，預(yù)期”。]7．A.funnyB．dullC．famousD．sillyC[依據(jù)該句中的“dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule”及下文可知，該處陳說的是歷史上有名的夢(mèng)之一是德國科學(xué)家Kekule的夢(mèng)。C項(xiàng)意為“有名的”，切合語境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“風(fēng)趣的”；B項(xiàng)意為“無趣的”；D項(xiàng)意為“愚笨的”。]8．A.managingB．tryingC．thinkingD．hopingB[依據(jù)該句中的“Kekule，whohadbeen__8__toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics”及下文可知，Kekule向來在努力解一道物理難題；trytodosth.意為“努力做某事”，切合語境，故B項(xiàng)正確。managetodosth.意為“想法做成某事”重申結(jié)果，與語境不符。]9．A.studiedB．learnedC．discussedD．searchedA[依據(jù)該句中的“Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays”可知，他從多個(gè)角度研究(studied)和剖析了這個(gè)難題。]10．A.usedB．oughtC．seemedD．hadC[依據(jù)該句中的“butthere__10__tobenowayof__11__outtheanswer”可知，仿佛沒有方法弄清答案。seem意為“仿佛，仿佛”切合語境，故C項(xiàng)正確。]11．A.bringingB．findingC．turningD．lettingB[拜見上題分析。findout“弄清，查明”；bringout“使表現(xiàn)出”；turnout“結(jié)果是，證明是”；letout“忽然，發(fā)出”。]12．A.gaveB．satC．wokeD．gotC[依據(jù)前一句“Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed”可知，空處表