Discussthewords’meaningExercise1Exercise2Exercise3編輯ppt Therewasadeep-rootedracialprejudicelongbeforethetwocountriesbecamerivalsandwenttowar.prejudice:anunreasonabledislikeanddistrustofpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyouinsomeway,especiallybecauseoftheirrace,sex,religionetc.—usedtoshowdisapproval.Readthesentencesbelowandusecontexttowritethedefinitionsoftheunderlinedwords.Onewordhasbeendoneforyou.Discussthewords’meaninge.g.編輯ppt 1.Wediscouragewasteoftimeonitemsirrelevanttotheobjectofstudy.irrelevant:notusefulornotrelatingtoaparticularsituation,andthereforenotimportantDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

Beirrelevanttoderivative

irrelevancy/irrelevancyn.編輯pptTranslationAccording

to

relevant

laws

and

regulations,the

education

of

disabled

children

iscompulsory.

Discussthewords’meaning2.我不明白他的評(píng)論與這一爭(zhēng)論有何關(guān)系。1.根據(jù)有關(guān)法律法規(guī),中國政府將殘疾兒童教育納入義務(wù)教育。

I

can't

see

the

relevance

of

his

comment

to

the

debate.

編輯ppt 2.Thefallinthenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseaseisgenerallyattributedtoimprovementsindiet.attribute:tobelieveorsaythatasituationoreventiscausedbysomethingDiscussthewords’meaningattributen.attribute:aqualityorfeature,especiallyonethatisconsideredtobegoodorusefule.g.Theattributecannotbemodifiedbecauseitisownedbythesystem.(由于屬于系統(tǒng)，不能修改該屬性.)編輯pptTranslationMost

historians

attribute

such

declinesto

wars

and

conquests.

Discussthewords’meaning2.彬彬有禮是紳士的本色。1.大多數(shù)的歷史學(xué)家把這樣的衰亡歸于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和征服。

Politeness

is

an

attribute

ofa

gentleman.編輯ppt 3.Individualdepartmentsidentifythetrainingneedsoftheirstaffmemberstoensurethecontinualdevelopmentoftheirinherentskills.inherent:aqualitythatisinherentinsomethingisanaturalpartofitandcannotbeseparatedfromitDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

Beinherentin…編輯pptTranslationThe

desire

for

freedom

is

inherent

in

us

all.Discussthewords’meaning2.錢財(cái)身外物。1.對(duì)自由的渴望是我們所有人的天性。Moneyisnotan

inherent

partofthe

human

being.

編輯ppt4.Ourultimateobjectiveistohaveasmanyfemalemembersofparliamentastherearemale.ultimate:someone’sultimateaimistheirmainandmostimportantaim,thattheyhopetoachieveinthefuture(=final)Discussthewords’meaningcollocation

ultimategoal/aim/objective編輯pptTranslationHesaiditisstillnotpossibletopredictthe

ultimate

outcome.

Discussthewords’meaning2.他們那種充分自由和完全平等的終極目標(biāo)則永遠(yuǎn)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)。

1.他說現(xiàn)在還無法預(yù)料最終的結(jié)局。Their

ultimate

goal

of

complete

freedom

and

total

equality

is

never

reached.編輯ppt5. Weshouldneveraggregatevotestopredictresultsunderanothersystem.aggregate:differentamounts,piecesofinformationetctogethertoformagrouporatotalDiscussthewords’meaningaggregateadj./n.collocation

In(the)aggregate

合計(jì)，總計(jì)，歸結(jié)起來編輯pptTranslationThe

aggregate

number

of

unemployed

is

fifty

thousand

this

year.Discussthewords’meaning2.全球經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)總量是一年年的遞增。

1.今年失業(yè)人數(shù)總共達(dá)五萬人。The

world

economic

aggregate

is

increasing

year

by

year.

編輯ppt6.Statisticallyourchancesofbeingthevictimsofviolentcrimeareremote.victim:someonewhohasbeenattacked,robbed,ormurderedDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

fallvictimto成為...的犧牲品編輯pptTranslation

Throughoutthetrial,heportrayedhimselfasthe

victim.

Discussthewords’meaning2.許多河流都受到了近期干旱的影響。1.在審訊過程中，他始終把自己說成是受害者。

Ｍanystreamshavefallenvictimtotherecentdrought.編輯ppt7.Astupidpersonalwaystriestojustifyhimselfforhismistakes;butawisemantrieshisbesttocorrecthiserrors.justify:togiveanacceptableexplanationforsomethingthatotherpeoplethinkisunreasonableDiscussthewords’meaningCollocation

justifysth.justifydoingjustifyoneselfforsth.derivative

justificationn.編輯pptTranslationHe

thought

thattherewas

insufficient

evidence

to

justify

the

criminal

proceedings.

Discussthewords’meaning2.喝醉酒并不能成為你違規(guī)的理由。1.他認(rèn)為沒有足夠的證據(jù)為刑事訴訟程序辯護(hù)。

Thatyouwere

drunk

does

not

justify

your

violating

the

rule.編輯ppt8.Hewasashamed.Thatfeelinglingered,andhewasnevercomfortableinchurchafterthat.linger:tocontinuetoexist,benoticeableetcforlongerthanisusualordesirableDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

lingeringadj.e.g.

lingeringsuspicions/doubts縈繞在心中的疑慮lingeringillness久病,久治不愈的病編輯pptTranslationTheattractive

scenic

spotsand

historic

sites

make

foreign

tourists

linger

onandforgettoreturn.Discussthewords’meaning2.考試的最終結(jié)果扼殺了他心里殘存的希望。1.景色宜人的名勝古跡,令外國旅游者流連忘返。

Theresultoftheexamkilledhis

lingering

hope.編輯ppt9.Shethrewherselfonherbedandweptintheagonyofboredom.agony:averysad,difficult,orunpleasantexperienceDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

inanagonyofdespair極度絕望inanagonyofgrief

極度悲傷inanagonyofjoy狂喜編輯pptTranslationThe

dying

man

groaned

in

agony

as

the

rescuers

tried

to

move

him.

Discussthewords’meaning1.景色宜人的名勝古跡,令外國旅游者流連忘返。編輯ppt10.Theindustrialinjuriesschemetakesintoaccounttheactualdisabilityandwhetherithandicapsapersoninworking.handicap:tomakeitdifficultforsomeonetodosomethingthattheywantorneedtodoDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

handicapn.handicappedadj.編輯pptTranslationPoor

communication

skills

are

the

main

career

handicap

of

young

people

today.

Discussthewords’meaning2.無知會(huì)妨礙城市的進(jìn)步。1.差的溝通技能是當(dāng)今的年輕人在事業(yè)上的的主要障礙。

Ignorancecan

handicap

theprogressofacity編輯ppt11.He’sclever,butnotrich;compassionatewithoutbeingsentimental.sentimental:someonewhoissentimentaliseasilyaffectedbyemotionssuchaslove,sympathy,sadnessetc,ofteninawaythatseemssillytootherpeopleDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptTranslationThe

intellectual

people

are

more

suitable

for

administration

position

than

sentimental

people.Discussthewords’meaning1.理智的人比感情用事的人更適合做管理工作。

編輯ppt12.Thenurses,grumblingaboutworkingChristmas,turnedtocompassionforafamilyjusttryingtogetwarmonCpassion:astrongfeelingofsympathyforsomeonewhoissuffering,andadesiretohelpthemDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

compassionforfeel/show/havecompassionwithcompassionderivative

compassionateadj.編輯pptTranslationHerownexperienceshadtaughthertohave

compassion

formisunderstoodchildren.Discussthewords’meaning1.她自身的遭遇使她認(rèn)識(shí)到應(yīng)對(duì)那些受到誤解的孩子予以同情。編輯ppt13.Teachershavejoinedastrikeaimedatforcingthegovernmenttopayoverduesalariesandallowances.overdue:notdone,paid,returnedetcbythetimeexpectedDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptTranslationThe

librarian

has

called

in

all

the

books

thatare

overdue.Discussthewords’meaning1.圖書館科理員把所有出借過期的書收回。

編輯ppt14.Youwillneedtoseekprofessionaladviceaboutyourclaimforcompensation.claim:astatementthatsomethingistrue,eventhoughithasnotbeenprovedDiscussthewords’meaningclaimv.Ican‘tclaimtobeveryconversantwithanyofthesciencesbecauseI’veneverstudiedthem.（我不能說我精通任何一種科學(xué)，因?yàn)槲覜]有研究過它們。）編輯pptTranslationThey

claimedthatthenewlawwasnotconstitutional.

Discussthewords’meaning2.他向保險(xiǎn)公司提出索賠。1.他們聲稱這項(xiàng)新法律不符合憲法。

Hesubmitteda

claim

totheinsurer.編輯ppt15.Iplexity:thequalityofbeingintricateandcompoundedDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

complexadj.編輯pptTranslationThemore

complex

thecivilization,themore

complex

areitssystems.

Discussthewords’meaning2.我們正面對(duì)著一個(gè)極復(fù)雜的問題。1.社會(huì)的文明程度越高，它的這些體系就越復(fù)雜。

Wearefacingaproblemofgreat

complexity.

編輯ppt16.Iwon’tgosofarastosaythatheisdishonest,i.e.Iwon’tactuallyaccusehimofdishonesty,eventhoughImightsuspecthimofit.accuse:tosaythatyoubelievesomeoneisguiltyofacrimeorofdoingsomethingbadDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

accusesb.ofsth.

控告,譴責(zé)derivative

accusationn.編輯pptTranslationHeis

accusedofexploitingchildlabor.Discussthewords’meaning2.你的指責(zé)必須以事實(shí)為依據(jù)。1.他被指控剝削童工。

Your

accusation

must

be

grounded

on

facts.編輯ppt17.AnewandexcellentstrategyfortheassaultonFrancewasatlasthammeredout.assault:amilitaryattacktotakecontrolofaplacecontrolledbytheenemyDiscussthewords’meaningassaultv.Thecommanderdecidedtoassaulttheenemyinthedarkness.（指揮官?zèng)Q定夜襲敵軍。）編輯pptTranslationThe

American

armymadea

surprise

assault

on

the

cities

inthe

north

of

Iraq.

Discussthewords’meaning1.美軍突然襲擊了伊拉克的北部城市。

編輯ppt18.I’mnotopposedtoacorecurriculuminprinciple,butIthinkrequiringaforeignlanguageisunrealistic.core:themostimportantorcentralpartofsomethingDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

coreteam骨干團(tuán)隊(duì)corecurriculum基礎(chǔ)課程tothecore徹底的，十足的編輯pptTranslationThe

core

of

our

appeal

is

freedom

of

speech.

Discussthewords’meaning1.我們呼吁的中心是要言論自由。

編輯ppt19.Theyhavebeendirectingtheirwholeattentiontothisinternationalconflict.conflict:astateofdisagreementorargumentbetweenpeople,groups,countriesetcDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

Inconflict

with和...有矛盾；不一致derivative

conflictingadj.編輯pptTranslation

Hewasinstrumentalinbringingaboutanendtothe

conflict.Discussthewords’meaning2.他們對(duì)發(fā)生的事所作的陳述自相矛盾，使我迷惑不解。1.他在終止沖突的過程中起了重要作用。

Theyconfusedmewith

conflicting

accountsofwhathappened.編輯ppt20.Andnow,friends,fellowcitizensofGettysburgandPennsylvania,andyoufromremoterstates,letmeagain,aswepart,invokeyourbenedictiononthesehonoredgraves.invoke:tomakeaparticularidea,image,orfeelingappearinpeople’smindsbydescribinganeventorsituation,orbytalkingaboutapersonDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptTranslationThespeech

invoked

hismemoryofchildhood.

Discussthewords’meaning1.演講喚起了他童年的記憶。

編輯ppt21.Thestatecandemandthatchildrenattendschool;itcannotcompelthemtoparticipateinceremoniesthatviolatetheirreligiousconvictions.violate:todosomethingthatmakessomeonefeelthattheyhavebeenattackedorhavesufferedagreatlossofrespectDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

violationn.violatorn.編輯pptTranslationThose

who

violate

traffic

regulations

should

be

punished.

Discussthewords’meaning1.那些違反交通規(guī)定的人應(yīng)該受處罰。

編輯ppt22.Shylock’ssecondpassionateassertionofhumanequalityisalmostaswell-knownasitdeservestobe.assertion:somethingthatyousayorwritethatyoustronglybelieveDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

assertv.e.g.

assertoneself堅(jiān)持（自己）的主張;表現(xiàn)堅(jiān)定He‘sspeakingupandassertinghimselfconfidently. （他明確表態(tài)，信心十足地闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)。）編輯pptTranslation

Some

people

assert

that

nothing

is

impossible.

Discussthewords’meaning2.這種斷言是由一種誤解而來

。1.一些人斷言沒有什么事是不可能的。

This

assertion

rests

on

a

misunderstanding

.編輯ppt23.ThewarranthadbeenissuedbytheU.S.FederalCourtatnearestfederalcourttoBoonton.warrant:alegaldocumentthatissignedbyajudge,allowingthepolicetotakeaparticularactionDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptTranslation

Policeconfirmedthattheyhadissueda

warrant

forhisarrest.

Discussthewords’meaning1.警方證實(shí)他們已經(jīng)簽發(fā)了對(duì)他的拘捕令。

編輯ppt24.Banksareundernoobligationtoacceptpresentationofdocumentsoutsidetheirbankinghours.obligation:amoralorlegaldutytodosomethingDiscussthewords’meaningcollocationunderanobligationundernoobligationPlacesb./sth.underanobligation編輯ppt24.Banksareundernoobligationtoacceptpresentationofdocumentsoutsidetheirbankinghours.obligation:amoralorlegaldutytodosomethingDiscussthewords’meaningcompare

duty,obligation,responsibility這些名詞都有“義務(wù)”或“職責(zé)”之意。duty:指按道德和法律的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一個(gè)人永遠(yuǎn)要盡的義務(wù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)自覺性。obligation:指道義上或法律上對(duì)他人的義務(wù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)制性。也指因作出承諾而被迫履行的某種義務(wù)。responsibility:指任何義務(wù)、職責(zé)、責(zé)任或職務(wù)上所應(yīng)盡的本分，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)他人的責(zé)任。編輯pptTranslation

She

isunderan

obligation

to

her

adoptive

father.

Discussthewords’meaning1.她有義務(wù)贍養(yǎng)她的養(yǎng)父。

編輯ppt25.Aleader’seminencedoesnotimplyarighttoimposehiswillonhispeers.impose:toforcesomeonetohavethesameideas,beliefsetcasyouDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

imposefinesonsomeone罰款imposeon把...強(qiáng)加于...編輯pptTranslation

Parents

often

impose

their

own

moral

values

on

their

children.

Discussthewords’meaning1.父母往往讓子女接受自己的道德觀。

編輯ppt26.Acaseinpointwasthecontroversyprovokedbytheagitationforfullandimmediatepaymentoftheso-calledbonus.controversy:aseriousargumentaboutsomethingthatinvolvesmanypeopleandcontinuesforalongtimeDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

beyondcontroversy無可爭(zhēng)辯(無可爭(zhēng)議)...withoutcontroversy無可爭(zhēng)辯(無可爭(zhēng)議)...derivative

controversialadj.編輯pptTranslation

That

is

a

fact

beyond

controversy.

Discussthewords’meaning1.那是一個(gè)無可爭(zhēng)論的事實(shí)。

編輯ppt27.Pleasewritetoconfirmyourreservation,i.e.sendalettertosupportabookingmadebytelephone.confirm:totellsomeonethatapossiblearrangement,date,orsituationisnowdefiniteorofficialDiscussthewords’meaningderivative

confirmationn.編輯pptTranslation

Iamwritingto

confirm

thebookingmadebytelephone

.Discussthewords’meaning1.我寫此信以確認(rèn)通過電話做的預(yù)訂。

編輯ppt28.Theneighbourssubmittedapetitionaskingthetowntoputuptrafficlightsneartheschool.petition:

adocumentsignedbyalotofpeoplewhichasksagovernmentorotherofficialgrouptodoaparticularthingDiscussthewords’meaningpetitionv.Theypetitionthegovernmentforthereleaseofthepoliticalprisoner.（他們向政府請(qǐng)?jiān)敢筢尫耪畏?。）編輯pptTranslation

The

government

received

a

petition

which

bore

nearly

five

thousand

signatures.

Discussthewords’meaning2.他們向政府請(qǐng)?jiān)敢筢尫耪畏浮?.政府收到一份下面有近五千人簽名的請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?

They

petition

thegovernmentforthereleaseofthepoliticalprisoner.編輯ppt29.Heeasilydefeatedhisopponentintheelection.opponent:someonewhoyoutrytodefeatinacompetition,game,fight,orargumentDiscussthewords’meaningcompare

opponent,competitor,enemy,rival這些名詞均有“對(duì)手、敵手”之意。opponent:最常用詞，通常指在爭(zhēng)論、辯論、競(jìng)選或競(jìng)賽以及其它各種矛盾沖突中站在對(duì)立面的“對(duì)手”或“敵手”。competitor:指為同一目標(biāo)或目的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者，一般無感情色彩。enemy:多指充滿敵意的仇敵。rival:指與某人目標(biāo)一致而想趕上或超過他的人，匹敵者。編輯pptTranslationShe

had

tocontest

against

avery

strong

opponent

forthe

championship.

Discussthewords’meaning1.她必須與強(qiáng)勁的對(duì)手手角逐冠軍。

編輯ppt30.Menaresubjecttosuddenchangesoffortuneasthemoonissubjecttothechangesofbeingfullandcrescent,cloudyandclear.subject:likelytobeaffectedbysomethingDiscussthewords’meaningcollocation

besubjectto可能受…影響的;易遭受…的編輯pptTranslation

Theirparticipationis

subject

to

anumberofimportantprovisions.Discussthewords’meaning1.他們的參與受一些重要條款的限制。

編輯pptBaseformOtherrelatedformsinthewordfamilyethicutilityconsciouschangeinferethics,ethical,ethically,unethical,unethically,ethicist,ethicality,ethicizeutilize,utilization,utilizer,utilizable,utilitarian,utilitarianismconsciousness,consciously,unconscious,unconsciously,unconsciousness,subconsciouschanged,changeable,changeably,changeability,changeless,changelessly,interchange,interchangeable,interchangeably,interchangeabilityinference,inferential,inferentially,inferable,inferably2.Findmorewordsofeachwordfamily.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Discussthewords’meaning編輯pptBaseformOtherrelatedformsinthewordfamilybindmercynecessaryretainallegecriticmerciful,mercifully,merciless,mercilessly,mercilessnessnecessarily,unnecessary,unnecessarily,necessity,necessitate,necessitous,necessitouslyretainer,retention,retentive,retentively,retentivenessalleged,allegedly,allegation,allegeablecritical,critically,criticism,criticize,uncritical,uncritically,uncriticizedbinder,binding,bindery,unbind,unbindingDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptBaseformOtherrelatedformsinthewordfamilycommunegenerallegislateobjectautomaterestrictgenerally,generalize,generality,generalizationlegislation,legislative,legislator,legislatureobjection,objectionable,objectionably,objectorautomatic,automatically,automation,automatedrestriction,restrictive,restrictively,unrestrictive,unrestrictively,restricted,unrestrictedcommunity,communal,communist,communismDiscussthewords’meaning編輯pptBaseformOtherrelatedformsinthewordfamilydistinctsurvivedenyapplysurvival,survivor,surviving,survivability,survivance,survivalismdenial,deniable,undeniable,deniabilityapplication,applied,appliance,applicable,applicability,applicant,unapplicable,inapplicable,inapplicabilitydistinct