授課日期月日課題Unrealconditions課型Revision主備人總課時授課人第節(jié)教學(xué)目標(biāo)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)教學(xué)過程Step1RevisionRevisetheunrealconditionsof“if”Step2Presentation一、概述：虛擬語氣用來表示一個說法并非真實(shí)情況，而是說話人的想象假設(shè)或主觀建議。與虛擬語氣相對應(yīng)的是陳述語氣，表示該說法是真實(shí)的，符合現(xiàn)實(shí)的，用于陳述句、感嘆句等。虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成有兩種：(1)(should)do(2)時態(tài)倒退與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：一般現(xiàn)在時do→一般過去時did；be動詞(am/is/are)都變were與將來事實(shí)相反：一般將來時willdo→過去將來時woulddo與過去事實(shí)相反：一般過去時did→過去完成時haddone二、使用虛擬語氣的11種情況表示“建議、命令、要求、堅持”的詞+should虛擬語氣,表示“應(yīng)該做某事”，should可省略。常見此類單詞有：suggest/suggestion,advise/advice,recommend/recommendation,propose/proposal,order/command/demand,urge,require/request,insist等。HemadeasuggestionthatTVseries(takeup)toomuchofstudents'time. Itwasdemandedthatadoctor(call)inimmediatelytosavethegeneral's life. 注：(1)suggest意為“暗示、表明”(2)insist意為“堅持說、堅持認(rèn)為”時，后加陳述語氣，表示真實(shí) 情況。 Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasn’tinfavorofwatchingtoomuchTV. Sheinsistedthatshewas(be)rightand(should)notbepunished(notpunish).在句型It'simportant/vital/necessary/essential/natural/apity/shame/strange/...that...中用should虛擬語氣，表示“應(yīng)該/竟然做事某”，should一般不省。 =1\*GB3①Itisimportantthattheexplosivedevice(remove)quickly. =2\*GB3②Isitnecessarythattheboy(forbid)fromgoingout =3\*GB3③Itisstrangethatshe(greet)uswithasmile. =4\*GB3④Itisnaturalthatthey(congratulate)youonyoursuccess. =5\*GB3⑤很遺憾他沒有達(dá)到我們的期望。incase/forfear/lest引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用should虛擬語氣，表示“以防、萬一”Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitshouldrain.=incaseitrains.Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief(should)comein.Hesetoffearlylesthe(should)belatefortheappointment.在句型It's(high/about)timethat...中，既可以+should虛擬語氣，should不可省略；也可用時態(tài)倒退，表示“是做某事的時候了” It’s(high/about)timethatweshowed/shouldshowthemaroundourcampus. 注：區(qū)別“那是某人第幾次做某事”句型，該句型表示真實(shí)情況，that從句用完 成時。 Itisthefirst/secondtimethathehascomefirstintheexams. ItwasthelasttimethatTomhadseenhiswife.wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，用時態(tài)倒退表示虛擬語氣。IwishIwereabird.Theywishthestarwouldremainsilentintomorrow'spressconference.HowIwishIhadfollowedtheteacher'sadvice!注：ifonly+句子，意為“但愿，要是...就好了”，與Iwish賓語從句意思相近，用法一致。IfonlyIwereabird!Ifonlymyfiancéehadn'tboardedtheTitanic!wouldrather/sooner引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，用時態(tài)倒退虛擬語氣，意為“寧愿”IwouldratheryouwerenotmyfatherI'dratheryouhadn’tadjustedtheheightofthechairlasttime.Iwouldratheryoucametoday/tomorrow.注：wouldrather與現(xiàn)在/將來相反都用一般過去時asif/though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用時態(tài)倒退表示虛擬語氣，意為“似乎、好像” TheytreatmeverywellasifIweretheirson. Theytalkedhappilyasthoughtheyhadknowneachotherforyears. ShepackedlotsofclothesasifshewouldliveinNewYorkformonths. 注：當(dāng)asif /though表示真實(shí)跡象時用陳述語氣。 Lookattheclouds.Itlooksasifit______(be)goingtorain.if條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣用法：if從句中用時態(tài)倒退，主句中用情態(tài)動詞過去式+動詞，具體見下表。if從句：時態(tài)倒退主句：情態(tài)v.過去式+動詞與現(xiàn)在相反did/werewould/could/should/mightdo與過去相反haddonewould/could/should/mighthavedone與將來相反(1)did/were(2)shoulddo不可省(3)weretodowould/could/should/mightdo IfI(know)theanswer,Iwouldnotaskyounow. IfI(be)you,Iwouldadapttothelifeheresoon. Iftheyhadcome(come)lastnight,they(see)him. Itisstillsummernow.Ifit(snow)tomorrow,IwouldcallyouDad. Ifithadnotbeen(notbe)yourhelp,Iwouldn’thaveaccomplishedsuccess. 注1：錯綜時間條件句：if條件句中，會出現(xiàn)if從句的動作的時間與主句動 作時間不一 致的情況（如if從句與現(xiàn)在相反，而主句與過去相反等），這種 句子稱為“錯綜時間條件 句”，從句與主句中的動詞要根據(jù)各自時間做不同表達(dá)。 IfIwere(be)you,I(runoff)withherlastnight. IfIhadworkedhardatschool,I(be)anengineernowtoo. Ifyou(review)thelessonslastnight,youwouldpasstheexamthisafternoon. 注2：if虛擬語氣從句的倒裝：step1從句中去掉if,step2助動詞 (were/had/should)提到 句首，主句不變。 _________________________,Iwouldadapttothelifeheresoon. ________________________________,theywouldhaveseenhim. ___________________/_____________________,IwouldcallyouDad. 難點(diǎn)：（1）能夠默寫表格，主句從句不要混淆（2）根據(jù)語境，把握時間點(diǎn)，分清主句/從句到底與哪個時間的事實(shí)相反含蓄/隱含虛擬語氣：表示假設(shè)的虛擬有時可以借助with(如果有)，without（如果沒有），butfor（要不是），otherwise/orelse（否則）等詞表達(dá)，可與if條件句的虛擬進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。WhatwouldyoudowithamilliondollarsWithoutelectricity,whatwouldourlifebelikeButforThomasEdison,manythingswehavenowwouldnotbearound.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.Shedidn'tknowthathewasacheat,or(else)shewouldn'thavegivenhimthemoney.Without/Butfor/Ifithadnotbeenfor/Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavefinishedthetaskontime.情態(tài)動詞的虛擬：情態(tài)動詞過去式+havedonecouldhavedone過去本有能力做某事但沒做should/shouldn'thavedone過去本應(yīng)該做某事但沒做/過去本不應(yīng)該做某事但做了needn'thavedone過去本不必做某事但做了wouldhavedone過去本會做某事但沒做mighthavedone過去本可能做某事但沒做類似：wouldlike/lovetohavedone過去本想要做某事但沒做hadwanted/hoped/meant/intendedtodo過去本打算做某事但沒做虛實(shí)結(jié)合”的情況：句子既包含虛擬語氣又包含陳述語氣，要分清到底是真實(shí)情況還是非真實(shí)情況，相應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣或陳述語氣。 Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting. Shedidn'tknowthathewasacheat,orshewouldn'thavegivenhimthemoney. Hewouldhavegivenmorehelp,buthewassobusy. Tomwouldbuyt