第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023年廣東省茂名市高考英語一模試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHerearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsacrossEurope，fromhumblefishingtownstohilltopmedievalpowerbases.

Giethoorn，Netherlands

TheycallittheDutchanswertoVenice，butGiethoornlacksonecrucialthingthattheItaliancityhasinspades：overtourism.AsinVenice，liferevolvesaroundthewater，here-therearenocarsinthecentersotheonlywaytogetaroundisonfootoronthewater.

Roscoff，F(xiàn)rance

Porttownscanberatherdirty.NotlovelylittleRoscoff，though，inFrance'sBrittanyregion，whichbuiltitsfortuneonmaritimetrade.Today，it'sacenterofthalassotherapy，usingseawatertotreatmedicalconditions，aswellasabeautifulBretontown.Tinyfishingboatsrestinthesmallharbor-withalargerone，whereferriesleaveforPlymouthintheUK，furtherout.

Dinkelsbühl，Germany

Acutehistoriccenter，woodenhousesandlargetowers—Dinkelsbühlhasitall.WrappedbymedievalwallswithavastGothicchurch，StGeorge'sMinster，itwasthesettingforWernerHerzog'sfilm"TheEnigmaofKasparHauser."

Clovelly，UK

DonkeysusedtobetheonlywaytogetupanddownthesteepstreetsofClovelly，aprettyfishingvillageinDevon，southwestEngland.

Today，theystillhaven'tmanagedtobringcarsin—itsitsatthebottomofa400-footcliff（懸崖）.Instead，goodsaretransportedbyman-poweredsledges（雪橇）andiftouristscan'tfacethewalkbackuptothecarpark，theycangrabarideinaLandRoverinstead.1.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoreceiveahealthtreatment？______A.Giethoorn. B.Roscoff. C.Dinkelsbühl. D.Clovelly.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatClovelly？______A.Takeaboattour. B.Driveacar.

C.Getaroundonfoot. D.Takeaman-poweredsledge.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext？______A.Toamusereaders. B.Totellthehistory.

C.Toeducatetourists. D.Tointroducesights.BImaginethemostEnglish-Englishpersonyoucanthinkof.NowI'mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup，thatpersoncomescompletewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand，becausethat'swhattheEnglishdo.Theycarryonandtheydrinktea.TeaissoutterlyEnglish，sucharootedpartoftheculture，thatit'salsorootedinhoweveryoneelsearoundtheworldperceivesthatculture.

Andwhileit'sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking，it'sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular，onePortuguesewoman.

Travelbackintimeto1662，whenCatherineofBraganza（daughterofPortugal'sKingJohnIV）wonthehandofEngland'snewlyrestoredmonarch，KingCharlesII，withthehelpofaverylargedowry（嫁妝）thatincludedmoney，spices，treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.Thismadeheroneveryimportantlady：theQueenofEngland，ScotlandandIreland.

WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles，sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings；itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.AfunlegendhasitthattheboxesweremarkedIransportedeErvasAromaticas（TransportofAromaticHerbs）latershortenedtoT.E.A.

Thatlastbitprobablyisn'ttrue（expertsbelievetheword"tea"camefromaChinesecharacter），butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecountry'sdirecttradelinetoChinaviaMacau.4.WhatdopeoplethinkofteadrinkinginBritain？______A.Typical. B.Fashionable. C.Incredible. D.Unusual.5.WhopromotedthefashionofteadrinkinginEngland？______A.CommonWesterners. B.TheChinesepeople.

C.Portugal'sKingJohnIV. D.TheQueenofKingCharlesII.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs？______A.TeawaspartofthedowryofCatherineofBraganza.

B.Theword'tea'camefromPortuguesemarksontheboxes.

C.TeabecamepopularinPortugalearlierthanitdidinEngland.

D.ThedirecttradelinebetweenChinaandEnglanddevelopedbecauseoftea.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext？______A.ThestorybehindBritishteadrinking.

B.ThelegendofteadrinkinginPortugal.

C.TheoriginofWesterners'teadrinking.

D.ThehistoryofteatradebetweenChinaandBritain.CWillskippingbreakfastmakemefat？Thegoodnewsforthosewhodon'thavebreakfastisthatputtingonweightisn'tinevitable—aslongasyoucontrolthosehigh-caloriedesiresandstayactive.

Researchshowsthatalthoughavoidingbreakfastwillmakeyouhungrierandyoumightmakeupforthatwithabiggerlunch，thiswon'tnecessarilymakeyou"fatter"—onaverage，thosewhoskipbreakfastdon'teatmoreacrossthewholedaythaniftheydidn'tskipit.Someresearchershavefoundthatyoumayeveneatfewercaloriesoverall，andendupusingyourbody'sfatreservesforenergy，whichcanactuallyhelpyouloseweight.

However，weightisn'ttheonlyconsideration：studiesshowthatbreakfast-skippersarelikelytoexerciseless.Thismaybebecausetheyhavelowerenergylevels-aftereighthoursorsowithoutfood，thebodywillhaveusedupmostofitsstoresofeasy-to-accessenergyduringsleep.Morningfastersarealsomorelikelytohaveunhealthy，butappetite-suppressinghabits，suchassmokingordrinkingalotofcoffee.

Ifyouwanttoensurethatyoueataregular，nutritiousbreakfast，trypreparingitthenightbeforedon'tleaveituntilthemorning，whenyourbrainstrugglestomakegooddecisions.

Ifyoudoskipbreakfast...

■Don'tmakeupforitwithahugelunch，otherwiseyou'llsufferovereating.

■Makesureyoueatsomethingbeforeyouexercise，oryourisk"hittingthewall".

■Don'tmakeupforlackofenergywithcoffee-itcanmakeyouloseyourappetiteandmakeyouanxiousandnervous.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inevitable"meaninParagraph2？______A.Unbelievable. B.Unavoidable. C.Uncomfortable. D.Unbearable.9.Whydosomebreakfast-skippersloseweight？______A.Theydomoreexercise. B.Theystayactiveallday.

C.Theyreservetheirbodyfat. D.Theytakeinfewercalories.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout？______A.Aimsofthestudies.

B.Waysoflosingweight.

C.Effectsofskippingbreakfast.

D.Suggestionsforbreakfast-skippers.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast？______A.Objective. B.Positive. C.Negative. D.Doubtful.DThewires，screensandbatteriesthatmakeupourdevices-nottomentiontheplastic，metalandothermaterialsthatpackagethem-arefillinguplandfills.Somee-wasteisrelativelylarge：oldphonesandairconditioners，forinstance.Othere-wasteismorehidden，suchaselectronicsingle-usemedicaldiagnostickits，environmentalsensors，andsmartlabelsthatcontainone-offbatteriesandotherequipment.

"It'sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigproblems，"sayspublichealthscientistDeleOgunseitan，whowasnotinvolvedindevelopingthebattery."Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.

ResearchersattheCellulose&WoodMaterialsLaboratoryattheSwissFederalLaboratoriesforMaterialsScienceandTechnology（Empa）areworkingtoaddressthisproblem.TheirnewpaperinScientificReportsdescribesapaperbatterydevelopedfromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.

Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeycomponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery，ithas-apositivelychargedsidecalledacathode（正極），anegativelychargedsidecalledananode（負極），andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte（電解質(zhì)）betweenthetwo.Atraditionalbattery'scomponentsarepackagedinplasticandmetal；inthenewbattery，theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt，whichdissolves（溶解）whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.

Whenthepaperisdry，thebatteryisshelf-stable.Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater，however，andthesaltdissolves，allowingelectronstoflow.Oncethepaperisdampened，thebatterybecomesactivewithin20seconds.Thenewbattery'soperatingperformancedeclinesasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting，thebatteryregainedfunctionalityandlastedanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.12.WhatcanweinferaboutsmalldisposalbatteriesaccordingtoDeleOgunseitan？______A.Theyarenobigproblems.

B.Theyneedtobeaddressed.

C.Theyshouldbemadelarger.

D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.13.What'sspecialaboutthenewbattery？______A.Ithasacathodeandananode.

B.Ithasdifferentkeycomponents.

C.Itscathodeandanodeareprintedonpaper.

D.Itscomponentsarepackagedinplasticandmetal.14.Whatisusedtomakethenewbatterystarttooperate？______A.Salt. B.Metal. C.Ink. D.Water.15.Inwhichsectioncanwefindthetext？______A.Advances. B.Reviews. C.Culture. D.Opinion.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）FoursurprisingwaystoboostyourhearthealthAsmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies，suchasexercisingandmanagingweight，arewellknown.（1）______"Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun，"sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson，aspokespersonfortheHeartandStroke（中風）FoundationofCanada.

Geteighthoursofsleep.

Ifwedon'thaveenoughsleep，ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure，inflammationandglucoselevels.（2）______

（3）______Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-respectandrelievesstress.ResearchissuedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo，volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.

Avoidpollutedair.

Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.（4）______Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts，andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.

Laugh.

A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20，000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerriskofcardiovascular（心血管的）diseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.（5）______Itmayalsoserveasamini-workout，helpingyourcirculationandprotectingthehealthofyourarteries（動脈）.

A.Bekindtoothers.

B.Engageinvolunteerwork.

C.Youshouldlaugheveryday.

D.Laughterreducesstressanddepression.

E.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.

F.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactonhearthealth.

G.Evenshortperiodsofitareunhealthyforpeoplewithothercardiovascularrisks16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Oneday，avendor（小販）cametoourdoorstep，sellingbundlesofvegetablespricedatonedollarperbundle.Mymom's（1）______was50cents，nomorethanthat，butshe（2）______tobuyfourbundlesatthatprice.Politelydeclaringthatshewouldn'teven（3）______thecostatthatprice，thevendorwalkedaway.

Aftertakingfourstepsahead，however，she（4）______andshouted，"Makeit75centerbundle，andIwillsellittoyou."Momshookherheadand（5）______toheroriginalofferof50cents.（6）______forawhile，thevendorcamebacktoourdoorstep.Thedealwas（7）______atmymom'sbid.Mymompaidthemoney.Thevendortookitwithoutevencounting.Asshe（8）______，sheswayed（搖晃）duetoapparentdizziness.Mymomheldherhandsandaskedwhethershehadhadany（9）______inthemorning.Thevendorsaid，"No，Iwillneedtobuysomewithtoday'searnings."

Mymomaskedhertositdown，（10）______inside，camebackswiftlywithsomefoodanddrinkandofferedthemtothevendor.Thevendorhungrilyand（11）______，finishedthemall.Thankingmymomforallthefood，shewentonherway.

Iwas（12）______.Iaskedmymomwhyshewassomeaninbargainingfor50centsbutwas（13）______inofferingfoodofamuchhigherpricetothatvendor.

Momsmiledandsaid，"Thereisnokindnessinbusiness，butmytreatingthevendorkindlyisfrommymorality，whichisdifferentfrom（14）______.Remember，thereshall（15）______，beanybusinessinkindness."21.

A.offer B.money C.change D.discount22.

A.refused B.failed C.promised D.decided23.

A.cut B.cover C.share D.shift24.

A.walkedon B.passedby C.wentaway D.turnedback25.

A.stuck B.objected C.referred D.responded26.

A.Counting B.Preparing C.Wandering D.Hesitating27.

A.canceled B.settled C.interrupted D.suggested28.

A.rose B.ate C.entered D.refused29.

A.rest B.food C.money D.medicine30.

A.looked B.hurried C.pointed D.moved31.

A.carefully B.patiently C.embarrassedly D.gratefully32.

A.moved B.shocked C.puzzled D.troubled33.

A.polite B.honest C.friendly D.generous34.

A.interest B.kindness C.business D.friendship35.

A.never B.always C.usually D.sometimes四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.ChinesestructuralbiologistYanNingannouncedonNovember1st，2022thatshewouldresign（1）______PrincetonUniversityintheUSandjoinintheestablishmentofShenzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslation（SMART）inthenearfuture.

"Inthenearfuture，IwillreturntoChinafull-time（2）______（assist）inestablishinganewresearchanddevelopmentinstitutioninShenzhencalledSMART，（3）______（integrate）severalfunctionsincludingscientificresearch，transformation，educationandfinancialsupport，YansaidattheShenzhenGlobalInnovationTalentForum.

WhileteachingatTsinghuaUniversityin2014，YanNing（4）______（lead）ateamtoanalyzethethree-dimensionalcrystalstructureofthehumanglucosetransporterGLUT1（5）______thefirsttime.AftertheachievementwaspublishedinNature，it（6）______（immediate）receivedwidespreadattentionandpraisefromtheinternationalacademiccommunity.

YanearnedherPh.D.atPrincetonin2004（7）______returnedin2017asthe（8）______（one）ShirleyM.TilghmanProfessorofMolecularBiology.

Yansaidshewantedtosupportmoreoutstanding（9）______（scholar）andtacklethevarioushealththreatsfacingmankind.Shenzhenoffered（10）______rightopportunity，andthecitycanbuilditsplaceintheglobalbiomedicinefield，Yansaid.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假如你是李華，你的英國好友Mary給你發(fā)來郵件，說居家上網(wǎng)課時注意力難以集中，她擔心成績落后，因此向你求助。請你回復她，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）安慰；

（2）建議；

（3）祝愿。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearMary，

Yourssincerely，LiHua38.Helenwasayounggirl.Herparentstaughthertobekind，andshealwayswas.Andshelivedahappylife.Unluckily，oneday，hermotherhadanaccident.Herrightlegwashurtbadlyandneededanexpensiveoperation.

Herfamilycouldn'taffordtopayforit.Althoughtheirfriendsandrelativesalltriedtheirbesttoofferhelpbutitwasfarfromenough.Andtheywereunsurewhattodonext.

Oneday，walkingdownthestreettoabookstorenearby，Helennoticedanoldmantryinghardtoclimbthestepstoanearbypark.TheoldmanwithAlzheimer'sdisease（阿爾茨海默氏癥）lefthomedaysagoandendedupwanderingaroundthestreetswhilehisson，Dr.Smith，adoctoroftheCityHospital，hadbeentryingtofindhimbutinvain.

"Hecan'tclimbthesteps.Helookssoweak."Helensaidto-herself.Withouthesitation，sheranovertohim.

"Sir，letmehelpyou!"

Themanmadenoresponse，thenHelenrepeatedit.Slowlyraisinghishead，themanlookedather，surprised.Helengavehimasmileandthenhelpedhimclimbthesteps."Yourhandsareshaking!"Helensaidanxiously."Areyouokay？"

"I'msohungry，"hemurmured."Iwanttowalk…totheparkfor…arest."Afterhelpinghimsitonaparkbench，Helenrushedhomeandreturnedwithsomefood，onlytofindthemanwaslyingontheground，unconscious."Sir，pleasewakeup!"shecriedinanxiety."'WhatshouldIdo？"shewondered.

注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Lookingaround，shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonthephone.

__________

"He'smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim？"Dr.Smithcried.

__________(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章

Roscoff，F(xiàn)rance部分的Today，it's

a

center

of

thalassotherapy，using

seawater

to

treat

medical

conditions，as

well

as

a

beautiful

Breton

town（今天，它是一個海水療法中心，利用海水治療疾病，也是一個美麗的布列塔尼鎮(zhèn)）可知如果游客想接受健康治療，他們應該去Roscoff。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文最后一句Today，they

still

haven't

managed

to

bring

cars

in

—

it

sits

at

the

bottom

of

a

400-foot

cliff

（懸崖）.

（今天，他們?nèi)匀粵]有設(shè)法把汽車帶進來它坐落在400英尺高的懸崖底部）可知，車輛無法進入Clovelly，所以游客要步行游覽。故選C項。

（3）目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段Here

are

some

of

the

prettiest

small

towns

across

Europe，from

humble

fishing

towns

to

hilltop

medieval

power

bases.

（這里有一些歐洲最美麗的小鎮(zhèn)，從簡陋的漁村到山頂中世紀的權(quán)力基地。）可知，本文旨在介紹歐洲最美麗的小鎮(zhèn)，介紹旅游勝地。A．To

amuse

readers.逗讀者開心；B．To

tell

the

history.來講述歷史；C．To

educate

tourists.來教育游客；D．To

introduce

sights.介紹景點。故選D項。

這是一篇應用文。介紹了歐洲最美麗的一些小鎮(zhèn)，各有特點，吸引游客前往游覽。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

4~7.【答案】A、D、C、A【解析】（1）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段第二句NowI'mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup，thatpersoncomescompletewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand，becausethat'swhattheEnglishdo.（現(xiàn)在我很確定，不管你剛剛想到的是什么畫面，那個人都是緊繃著上嘴唇，手里拿著一杯茶，因為英國人就是這樣做的）可知，人們認為英國人喝茶很典型。A．Typical.典型的；B．Fashionable.時尚的；C．Incredible.難以置信的；D．Unusual.不同尋常的。故選A。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Andwhileit'sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking，it'sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular，onePortuguesewoman.（眾所周知，西方人要感謝中國是飲茶的起源，但鮮為人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙婦女，激發(fā)了飲茶在英國的流行）和第三段第一句Travelbackintimeto1662，whenCatherineofBraganza（daughterofPortugal'sKingJohnIV）wonthehandofEngland'snewlyrestoredmonarch，KingCharlesII，withthehelpofaverylargedowry（嫁妝）thatincludedmoney，spices，treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.（追溯到1662年，布拉干薩的凱瑟琳（葡萄牙國王約翰四世的女兒）在一大筆嫁妝的幫助下贏得了英國新復辟君主查理二世的手，嫁妝包括金錢、香料、珍寶以及利潤豐厚的坦吉爾和孟買港口）可知，英國國王查理二世的王后促進了英國的飲茶風尚。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒第二段第一句WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles，sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings；itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.（當她搬到北方加入查爾斯國王時，據(jù)說她把散葉茶作為私人物品的一部分；這很可能也是她嫁妝的一部分）和最后一段中的butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecountry'sdirecttradelinetoChinaviaMacau（但可以肯定的是，由于葡萄牙通過澳門與中國的直接貿(mào)易關(guān)系，茶葉在葡萄牙上層階級中已經(jīng)很受歡迎）可知，茶在葡萄牙比在英國流行得早。故選C。

（4）標題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段Andwhileit'sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking，it'sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular，onePortuguesewoman.（眾所周知，西方人要感謝中國是飲茶的起源，但鮮為人知的是，是葡萄牙人，尤其是一位葡萄牙婦女，激發(fā)了飲茶在英國的流行），第三段第一句中的Travelbackintimeto1662（追溯到1662年）"和第四段"WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles，sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings；itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.AfunlegendhasitthattheboxesweremarkedIransportedeErvasAromaticas（TransportofAromaticHerbs）latershortenedtoT.E.A.（當她搬到北方加入查爾斯國王時，據(jù)說她把散葉茶作為私人物品的一部分；這很可能也是她嫁妝的一部分。一個有趣的傳說是，這些盒子被標記為IransportedeErvasAromaticas（芳香草藥運輸），后來被簡稱為T.E.A）可知，文章主要是講英國茶飲背后的故事。A．The

story

behind

British

tea

drinking.英國飲茶背后的故事；B．The

legend

of

tea

drinking

in

Portugal.葡萄牙的飲茶傳說；C．The

origin

of

Westerners'

tea

drinking.西方人喝茶的起源；D．The

history

of

tea

trade

between

China

and

Britain.中英茶葉貿(mào)易史。故選A。

這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了英國飲茶文化背后的起源故事。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、A【解析】（1）猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第一段The

good

news

for

those

who

don't

have

breakfast

is

that

putting

on

weight

isn't

inevitable

—as

long

as

you

control

those

high-calorie

desires

and

stay

active.（對于那些不吃早餐的人來說，好消息是體重增加不是不可避免的只要你控制住那些高熱量的欲望并保持活躍。）可知inevitable的意思是"不可避免的"。A.Unbelievable.難以置信的；B.Unavoidable.不可避免的；C.Uncomfortable.不舒服的；D.Unbearable.難以忍受的。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Some

researchers

have

found

that

you

may

even

eat

fewer

calories

overall，and

end

up

using

your

body's

fat

reserves

for

energy，which

can

actually

help

you

lose

weight.（一些研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，你甚至可以攝入更少的卡路里，最終利用身體的脂肪儲備來獲取能量，這實際上可以幫助你減肥）可知，有些不吃早餐的人會減肥因為他們攝入的卡路里更少。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段However，weight

isn't

the

only

consideration：studies

show

that

breakfast-skippers

are

likely

to

exercise

less.This

may

be

because

they

have

lower

energy

levels-after

eight

hours

or

so

without

food，the

body

will

have

used

up

most

of

its

stores

of

easy-to-access

energy

during

sleep.Morning

fasters

are

also

more

likely

to

have

unhealthy，but

appetite-suppressing

habits，such

as

smoking

or

drinking

a

lot

of

coffee.（然而，體重并不是唯一的考慮因素：研究表明，不吃早餐的人可能鍛煉得更少。這可能是因為他們的能量水平較低在不進食8小時左右后，身體將在睡眠中消耗掉大部分易于獲取的能量。早起禁食的人也更有可能有不健康但抑制食欲的習慣，比如吸煙或喝大量咖啡）可知，第三段主要講了不吃早餐的影響。故選C。

（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段Research

shows

that

although

avoiding

breakfast

will

make

you

hungrier

and

you

might

make

up

for

that

with

a

bigger

lunch，this

won't

necessarily

make

you

"fatter"

—

on

average，those

who

skip

breakfast

don't

eat

more

across

the

whole

day

than

if

they

didn't

skip

it.（研究表明，盡管不吃早餐會讓你更餓，你可能會用一頓豐盛的午餐來彌補，但這并不一定會讓你"更胖"平均而言，不吃早餐的人一整天都不會比不吃早餐的人吃得更多）以及第三段However，weight

isn't

the

only

consideration：studies

show

that

breakfast-skippers

are

likely

to

exercise

less.（然而，體重并不是唯一的考慮因素：研究表明，不吃早餐的人可能鍛煉得更少）可推知，文中不涉及作者對不吃早餐的態(tài)度，即作者對不吃早餐的態(tài)度是客觀的。A.Objective.客觀的；B.Positive.積極的；C.Negative.消極的；D.Doubtful.懷疑的。故選A。

這是一篇說明文。文中主要就不吃早餐是否會變胖的問題展開論述，引用了各種研究結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn)。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】B、C、D、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

"It's

these

small

batteries

that

are

big

problems，

"

says

public

health

scientist

Dele

Ogunseitan，who

was

not

involved

in

developing

the

battery.

"Nobody

really

pays

attention

to

where

they

end

up.（"這些小電池是大問題，"公共衛(wèi)生科學家DeleOgunseitan說，他沒有參與開發(fā)這種電池。"沒有人真正關(guān)注它們的最終歸宿。）可知DeleOgunseitan認為，小型廢棄電池需要處理。故選B。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中A

traditional

battery's

components

are

packaged

in

plastic

and

metal；in

the

new

battery，the

anode

and

cathode

are

inks

printed

onto

the

front

and

back

of

a

piece

of

paper.

（傳統(tǒng)電池的組件用塑料和金屬包裝；在新電池中，陽極和陰極是印刷在紙張正面和背面的墨水。）可知，新型電池中陽極和陰極是印在一張紙的正反面的墨水。故選C。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中That

paper

is

filled

with

salt，which

dissolves

（溶解）when

the

paper

is

dampened

with

water.The

resulting

saltwater

solution

acts

as

the

electrolyte.（這張紙里裝滿了鹽，當紙被水浸濕時，鹽就會溶解。由此產(chǎn)生的鹽水溶液充當電解質(zhì)。）以及最后一段中Add

just

a

couple

of

drops

of

water，however，and

the

salt

dissolves，allowing

electrons

to

flow.

（然而，只要加入幾滴水，鹽就會溶解，讓電子流動。）可知，水是用來使新電池開始工作的。故選D。

（4）文章出處題。通讀全文以及第三段中Their

new

paper

in

Scientific

Reports

describes

a

paper

battery

developed

from

environmentally

friendly

materials

that

could

eventually

present

a

sustainable

alternative

to

the

more

harmful

batteries

common

in

low-power

devices.（他們在《科學報告》上發(fā)表的新論文描述了一種由環(huán)保材料開發(fā)的紙電池，最終可能成為低功耗設(shè)備中常見的有害電池的可持續(xù)替代品。）可知，文章介紹的是一種新型的電池，介紹了該電池的工作原理以及相關(guān)應用。故可以推斷文章出自先進科技部分。A．Advances.先進科技；B．Reviews.評論；C．Culture.文化；D．Opinion.意見。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種新型的電池，同時講述了該電池的工作原理以及相關(guān)應用。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

16~20.【答案】E、F、B、G、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies，suchasexercisingandmanagingweight，arewellknown.（通過選擇特定的生活方式，多達80%的早產(chǎn)兒心臟病是可以預防的。一些策略，如鍛煉和控制體重，是眾所周知的。）以及下文"Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun，"sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson，aspokespersonfortheHeartandStroke（中風）FoundationofCanada.（加拿大心臟和中風基金會發(fā)言人、預防心臟病專家貝絲?艾布拉姆森博士說："日常生活中的一個小小的改變，從長遠來看可能會產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。"）可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故E項Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.（但你可能沒想過別的。）承上啟下，符合語境。故選E。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Ifwedon'thaveenoughsleep，ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure，inflammationandglucoselevels.（如果我們沒有足夠的睡眠，我們的身體也很難控制血壓、炎癥和血糖水平。）可知，缺少足夠的睡眠會導致我們很難控制血壓，炎癥和血糖水平，空處指出血壓，炎癥和血糖水平得不到控制后對心臟產(chǎn)生一定的影響，故F項Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactonhearthealth.（這些因素都會對心臟健康產(chǎn)生影響。）承上啟下，符合語境，"Thesefactors"指代上文提到的bloodpressure，inflammationandglucoselevels。故選F。

（3）標題選擇題。此處是本段小標題。根據(jù)下文Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-respectandrelievesstress.ResearchissuedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo，volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.（為他人做好事有助于你的自尊和減輕壓力。2