非謂語動詞專題非謂語動詞doingdonetodo主語定語賓語表語狀語賓語補足語todo

done

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diong

非謂語動詞作定語n./pron.+todoLiMingwasthefirstpersontoarrive.Healwayshasalotofmeetingstoattend.Heislookingfora

roomtolivein.(主謂、動賓和介賓關(guān)系)主動表被動的情況(1)比較：I’mgoingtothepostoffice,forIhavealettertopost.A:LiMing,I’mgoingtothepostoffice.Iknowyouhaveanimportantlettertopost.Letmepostitforyou.B:Thankyou.ButIhavenoletterstobepostednow.主動表被動的情況(2)Thereisalettertowrite.(tobewritten不常用)I’llgiveyousomenovelstoread.主動表被動的情況(3)(間接賓語“人”是todo的邏輯主語用主動)注意：todo表示的是將要做的事情，與將來時間連用。doing作定語doing+n./pron.(多強調(diào)用途)drinkingwaterreadingroomwalkingstickwritingdeskn./pron.+doing短語Themanrunningoverthereisourchairman.Theylivedinaroomfacingthenorththirtyyearsago.語態(tài)：主動時態(tài)：正在進(jìn)行注意：并不是所有的doing形式時態(tài)意義都很明顯。done作定語done+n./pron.Lookatthebrokenglasses.n./pron.+done短語IhavearadiomadeinChina.語態(tài)：被動時態(tài)意義往往不明顯。注意一些動詞的固定用法：ThelittlegirldressedinwhiteisMary.(bedressedin)非謂語動詞作狀語表目的表原因表結(jié)果不定式作狀語Istudyhard_________thepeoplewell.toserveToservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(置于句首加強語氣)Inordertoservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.(更加強語氣)Istudyhardsoastoservethepeoplewell.(不可用于句首)Heislucky_______hereontime.togetIamhappy______youagain.

LiMingseemedwilling_____that.Iamsorry_______that.

toseetodotohear(作原因狀語時常修飾表感情的形容詞,表示產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因.)Ihurriedtogetthereonlytofindhimout.Afterthatdaytheywereseparated,nevertoseeeachotheragain.(only/nevertodo表示意料之外的結(jié)果)1.表時間2.表原因4.表方式,伴隨5.表結(jié)果現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語3.表讓步Assoonastheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcryingOnhearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.(doing動作一發(fā)生,主句動作立即發(fā)生)Whileshewasplayingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.Whileplayingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.(doing動作進(jìn)行中,主句動作發(fā)生了.這時when或while一般要加上。)Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.Afterturningofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.Afterhehadturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.(doing動作完成后,主句動作才發(fā)生.)Asheforgothismanners,heputhisfeetuponthedesk.Forgettinghismanners,heputhisfeetuponthedesk.Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.(doing動作與主句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生.)Becausehewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.Because/AshehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.(doing動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，用doing的完成式.)Althoughheworkedfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.Althoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.(although/whether/evenif/eventhough+doing.)Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.(表方式和伴隨時,謂語動作是主要的,doing是次要動作.)Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,soitcausedthedelay.Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.1.表時間2.表原因4.表伴隨5.表結(jié)果過去分詞做狀語3.表條件、讓步Whenthecityisseenfromthehill,itisbeautiful.Seenfromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.Confusedbythestonesflyingatthemfromallsides,theboysranintothebuilding.Astheboyswereconfusedbythestonesflyingatthemfromallsides,theyranintothebuilding.Eventhoughdefeatedagain,thescientistdidn’tgiveup.(一般來講,時間