第05章--需求、技術(shù)變化與國(guó)際貿(mào)易(英文習(xí)題)答案CHOICEQUESTIONS（D）1.AccordingtoStaffanLinder,tradebetweentwocountriestendstobemostpronounced（adj.明顯的，顯著的）whenthecountries:a.Findtheirtastesandpreferencestobequiteharmonious（adj.融洽的，和諧的）b. Experienceeconomiesoflarge-scaleproduction（規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)）overlargeoutputlevelsc. Facedissimilar（adj.不同的，不相似的）relativeabundances（n.豐裕度）ofthefactorsofproductiond. Findtheirpercapitaincome（人均收入）levelstobeapproximately（adv.近似，差不多）thesame（B）2. Whichofthefollowingwouldleastlikelyapply（v.適用于）totheproductlifecycletheory?a. Calculators（n.計(jì)算器）andcomputersb.Coalandcrudeoil（原油）c. Homemoviecameras（家用攝影機(jī)）d.Officemachinery（辦公設(shè)備）（B）3. Whichtradetheorysuggeststhatanewlyproducedgood,onceexported,couldultimatelyendup（最終，結(jié)果）beingimportedasthetechnologyistransferred（v.轉(zhuǎn)移）tolower-costnations?a. Factorendowmenttheoryb.Productlifecycletheoryc. Overlappingdemandtheoryd.Comparativeadvantagetheory（A）4. Whichofthefollowingbestappliestothetheoryofoverlappingdemands?a. Manufacturedgoods（制成品）b.Servicesc. Primaryproducts（初級(jí)產(chǎn)品）d.Noneoftheabove（C）5.Thetheoryofoverlappingdemandspredicts（v.預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)示）thattradeinmanufacturedgoodsisunimportantforcountrieswithverydifferent:a. Tastesandpreferencesb.Expectationsoffutureinterestratelevelsc. Per-capitaincome（人均收入）levelsd.Laborproductivities（C）6.Nationswith（）willhaveoverlappingdemandstructuresandwilllikelyconsumesimilartypesofmanufacturedgoodsa.Similartechnologylevelb.Similarfactorendowmentc. Similarpercapitaincomesd.Similarproductioncosts（A）7.Productlifecycletheoryfocuseson（聚焦于）theroleof（）asakeydeterminant（n.決定因素）oftradepatternsinmanufacturedproducts（制成品）a.Technologicalinnovationb.Resourceendowment（資源稟賦）c. Incomeleveld.Consumers’preference（n.偏好）TRUE-FALSEQUESTIONS（F）1.AccordingtoStaffanLinder,thefactorendowmenttheory（要素稟賦理論）isusefulinexplainingtradepatternsinmanufacturedgoods（制成品）,butnotprimaryproducts（初級(jí)產(chǎn)品）.Correct:AccordingtoStaffanLinder,thefactorendowmenttheoryisusefulinexplainingtradepatternsinprimaryproducts,butnotmanufacturedgoods.Correct:AccordingtoStaffanLinder,thetheoryofoverlappingdemandsisusefulinexplainingtradepatternsinmanufacturedgoods,butnotprimaryproducts.（T）2.Thetheoryofoverlappingdemandscontends（v.認(rèn)為）thatinternationaltradeinmanufacturedproductsisstrongestamongnationswithsimilarincomelevels.（T）3.Accordingtotheproductlifecycletheory,thelaststageofaproduct’stradecycleiswhenitbecomesanimport-competinggood（進(jìn)口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)品）.（F）4.Theproduct-life-cyclemodelcontends（v.認(rèn)為）thatwhenanewproductisintroducedtothehomemarket,itgenerallyrequireslow-skilledlabortoproduceit.Correct:Theproduct-life-cyclemodelcontendsthatwhenanewproductisintroducedtothehomemarket,itgenerallyrequireshightechnologytoproduceit.（F）5.Accordingtotheproductlifecyclemodel,comparativeadvantageshiftsfromcheap-laborcountriestohigh-technologycountriesafteramanufacturedgoodbecomesstandardized（adj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化）.Correct:Accordingtotheproductlifecyclemodel,comparativeadvantageshiftsfromhigh-technologycountriestocheap-laborcountriesafteramanufacturedgoodbecomesstandardized（T）6.Theintroductionstageofthetradecyclebeginswhenaninnovator（n.創(chuàng)新者）establishesatechnologicalbreakthrough（n.突破）intheproductionofamanufacturedgoods.（T）7.Thetradecycleiscompletewhentheproductionprocessbecomessostandardized（adj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的）thatitcanbeeasilyusedbyothernations.Thetechnologicalbreakthrough（技術(shù)突破）thereforenolongerbenefitsonlytheinnovatingnation（創(chuàng)新國(guó)）.（F）8.Theproductlifecycletheoryfocusesontheroleofpercapitaincome（人均收入）asakeydeterminantoftradepatternsinmanufacturedproducts.Correct:Theproductlifecycletheoryfocusesontheroleoftechnologicalinnovation.（T）9.Technologicalinnovationscommonlyresultinnewmethodsofproducingexistingcommodities,intheproductionofnewcommodities,orincommodityimprovements.Thesefactorscanaffect（v.影響）comparativeadvantageandthepatternoftrade.（T）10.Linder（林德）statesthatfirmswithinacountryaregenerallymotivated（v.促動(dòng)，激發(fā)）tomanufacturegoodsforwhichthereisalargedomesticmarket.Thismarketdeterminesthesetofgoodsthatthesefirmswillhave