[一積詞匯見多識(shí)廣][課內(nèi)單詞回扣](一)閱讀詞匯寫其義1．ridiculousadj.荒謬的，可笑的 2.matureadj.成熟的3．tensionn．緊張，焦慮 4.identificationn．身份5．messyadj.凌亂的，骯臟的_ 6.rarelyadv.很少，難得7．presencen._存在；到場，出席 8.psychologyn．心理學(xué)9．a(chǎn)uthorityn．權(quán)威，權(quán)力 10.campaignn．運(yùn)動(dòng)11．unbelievableadj.不可置信的 12.toughadj.艱難的；不幸的(二)表達(dá)詞匯寫其形1．obtainvt.得到，獲得 2.withdrawvt.提??；撤退3．forbidvt.禁止，不準(zhǔn) 4.resistvt.抵抗，抵制5._scoldvt.罵，責(zé)罵 6.imitatevt.模仿7．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn) 8.overlookvt.忽視9．delayn．延誤，延期 10.figuren．人物(三)拓展詞匯靈活用*1.amusevt.逗樂，使(某人)笑→amusementn．娛樂，消遣；快樂的事，娛樂品→amusedadj.娛樂的，覺得好笑的→amusingadj.逗人笑的，好笑的2．politiciann．政治家→politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的*3.convincevt.使相信→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.相信的4.harmonyn．協(xié)調(diào)，和諧→harmoniousadj.協(xié)調(diào)的，和諧的5．forgetfuladj.健忘的→forgetv．忘記→forgettableadj.易被忘的6．scarevt.使恐懼→scaredadj.驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕的→scaryadj.可怕的*7.astonishvt.使驚訝，使驚駭→astonishingadj.令人驚訝的→astonishedadj.驚訝的→astonishmentn．驚奇8．desperateadj.不顧一切的→desperatelyadv.不顧一切地→desperationn．絕望，不顧一切*9.cautionn．謹(jǐn)慎，小心→cautiousadj.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的→cautiouslyadv.小心地，謹(jǐn)慎地*10.acplishvt.取得成功，完成→acplishmentn．功績，成就11.disgustingadj.厭惡的→disgustn．厭惡，厭煩→disgustedadj.感到惡心的12.respondn．回答，答復(fù)→responsevi.回應(yīng)，應(yīng)答用上面加*號(hào)的單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Ourchemicalteacherasksustoperformeveryexperimentwithcaution,_andwearerequiredtobecautiousabouteverystepofanexperiment.2．Themanagerpromisesthatwhenweacplishthistask,hewillholdapartytocelebrateouracplishment.3．Toouramusement,_theactivityheldbyourschoolwasreallyinterestingandmeaningful.Itnotonlyamusedusbutalsotaughtusalot.4．Toourastonishment,_thefamousstardied.That'stosay,wewereastonishedatthenewsofhersuddendeath,anditwasreallyastonishing.5．Hisconvincingwordsfinallyconvincedme,andIwasconvincedthathewasinnocent.,[話題單詞積累]1．hobby/'h?bi/n． 業(yè)余愛好2．interest/'intrist/n. 興趣，愛好3．reading/'ri?d??/n. 閱讀4．singing/'s????/n. 唱歌5．writingfiction/'f?k?(?)n/ 寫小說6．skating/'skeit??/n. 滑冰7．skiing/'ski???/n. 滑雪8．cartoon/kɑ?'tu?n/n. 動(dòng)畫片9．edy/'k?m?d?/n. 喜劇10．TVseries 電視連續(xù)劇11．romanticfilm 愛情片12．sciencefictionfilm 科幻片13．a(chǎn)ctionfilm 動(dòng)作片14．horror/'h?r?(r)/film 恐怖片15．basketball/'bɑ?skitb??l/n. 籃球16．volleyball/'v?lib??l/n. 排球17．football/'futb??l/n. 足球18．tennis/'tenis/n. 網(wǎng)球19．badminton/'b?dmint?n/n. 羽毛球20．swimming/'swimi?/n. 游泳21．wrestling/'resli?/n. 摔跤22．jogging/'d??gi?/n. 慢跑23．cooking/'kuki?/n. 烹飪24．drawing/'dr??i?/n. 圖畫；畫畫25．a(chǎn)ntique/?n'ti?k/n. 古物，古董26．camping/'k?mpi?/n. 宿營27．hunting/'h?nti?/n. 打獵28．surfing/'s??fi?/n. 沖浪29．handicraft/'h?ndikrɑ?ft/n. 手工藝30．boxing/'b?ksi?/n. 拳擊31．traveling/'tr?vl??/n. 旅游32．chess/t?es/n. 象棋33．bridge/brid?/n. 橋；橋牌34．hiking/'haiki?/n． 長途徒步旅行35．sewing/'s????/n. 縫紉,[二積短語頓挫抑揚(yáng)][課內(nèi)短語回扣](一)根據(jù)漢語寫出下列短語*1.burst_out_laughing突然笑起來*2.wait_in_line排隊(duì)*3.get_rid_of處理掉；擺脫 *4.result_in導(dǎo)致，造成5.from_time_to_time不時(shí)地 *6.run_into撞上；陷入7.put_on假裝；穿上；上映 *8.regardless_of不管，不顧*9.thanks_to幸虧；由于 10.do_sb.good對(duì)某人有益11.play_around四處游戲(二)用上面加*號(hào)的短語完成下列句子1．Onceweareinabadhabit,itiswisetoget_rid_of_itimmediately.2．Regardless_ofexpense,wemusttakeeverymeasuretosavetheoldman'slife.3．Hedidn'texpecttorun_intosomanyofhisfriendsinthisparty.4．Assoonasheopenedhismouth,everyoneburst_out_laughing.5．Stressandtirednessoftenresult_inalackofconcentration.6．Thanks_tothepolicy,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcityinrecentyears.7．It'sgoodmannerstowait_in_lineinpublicplaces.[話題短語積累]1．beinterestedin/haveatastefor 對(duì)……有興趣2．godancing/shopping 跳舞/購物3．goboating/fishing 劃船/釣魚4．seeafilm/watchamovie 看電影5．gotothetheater 看戲6．playcards/chess/bridge 打撲克/下棋/打橋牌7．collectstamps/coins/antiques 集郵/收藏硬幣/收藏古董8．playbasketball/football/tennis/volleyball打籃球/踢足球/打網(wǎng)球/打排球9．playgolf/badminton/tabletennis 打高爾夫球/打羽毛球/打乒乓球[三積句式寫作扮靚][課內(nèi)句式仿寫]1．havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難”[例句]Haveyoueverhadtroubletryingtospellaword?[仿寫]因?yàn)槟_腫，這個(gè)男孩走路有困難。Theboyhas_trouble_in_walkingbecauseofhisswollenfeet.2．while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的省略[例句]Whilestillatprimaryschool,Rowanhadalreadyshownadmirableactingtalent.[仿寫]他帶著存款去郵局時(shí)把錢包丟了。Helosthiswalletwhile_taking_his_savings_tothepostoffice.3．“of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)[例句]Ifeltatleastfortymoreofthesamekindfollowingthefirst.[仿寫]據(jù)我們所知，對(duì)我們而言關(guān)心他人極為重要。Asfarasweareconcerned,considerationforotherpeople_is_of_great_importance_to_all_of_us.4．so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句[例句]Hebeessodesperateintheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurseofawomansittingnearhim...[仿寫]他的計(jì)劃如此實(shí)用以至于我們大家都同意接受它。Hisplanwasso_practical_thatweallagreedtoacceptit.[話題佳句背誦]1．Thereisnodoubtthatcartoonsplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofchildren.毫無疑問，動(dòng)畫片在兒童成長中起著重要的作用。2．BeijingOperaisthequintessenceofChineseculture,whichislovedbymanypeople.京劇是中華文化的國粹，為許多人所喜愛。3．Hekeepsexercisingallyeararound,eveninthehottestdaysinsummerandthecoldestdaysinwinter.他常年堅(jiān)持鍛煉，冬練三九，夏練三伏。4．Notonlydoesexerciseimproveourhealthbutalsoitmakesuscheerful.鍛煉不僅改善我們的健康狀況，而且可以使我們精神愉悅。5．Thisisagoodtalentshow,whichisverypopularwiththeyoungpeople.這是一檔非常好的選秀節(jié)目，很受年輕人歡迎。[四背語段語感流暢]Onseeingmyfriendshadboughtnewcars,Iwasdesperatetobuyanewcar.Regardlessofmyparents'disagreement,Iboughtanewcarbytakingoutaloan.Butwhatastonishedmemostwasthatittookmemoretimetodrivetowork.AndIhavetoacknowledgethatdrivingcarsdidn'tmakeitmoreconvenientformetogotowork.Eventually,myfatherconvincedmeofthefactthatincitiesridingbikesisquickerandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Alltheseexperiencesresultedinmygoingtoworkbybike.一看到我的朋友們都買了新車，我也迫不及待地想買一輛。我不顧父母的反對(duì)，貸款買了輛新車。但最讓我驚訝的是開車上班會(huì)花費(fèi)我更多的時(shí)間。我必須承認(rèn)開車去上班并未給我?guī)砀喾奖恪Ｗ詈?，我父親讓我明白了一個(gè)事實(shí)：在城市里騎自行車既快捷又環(huán)保。所有的這些經(jīng)歷致使我選擇騎自行車去上班。[第一板塊重點(diǎn)詞匯突破][師生共研詞匯]1．a(chǎn)musevt.逗樂；使(某人笑)[教材原句]Someonemightbeamusedwhentheyunderstandajoke.當(dāng)聽懂一個(gè)笑話時(shí)，人們可能會(huì)很開心。(1)amusesb./oneselfby/withsth. 通過……來取樂某人/自己(2)amusementn. 消遣，娛樂toone's(great)amusement 令人感到(極)好笑的是(3)amusedadj. 感到快樂的beamusedat/by 對(duì)……感到好笑beamusedtodosth. 做某事而感到好笑amusingadj. 有趣的，逗樂的①To_our_great_amusement,_hisfalsetoothfelloff.令我們感到極好笑的是，他的假牙掉了下來。②Itwastoorainytoplayoutside,sosheamusedherself_by/withabook.雨太大了，不適合在外面玩，所以她看書消遣。③Weweregreatlyamused_to_hear(hear)abouthimsittingonthewetpaint.聽到他坐了一屁股油漆，我們都覺得很好笑。2．delayn．&v．延誤，延期[教材原句]HeavysnowlastwintercausedlongdelaysatHeathrowairport.去年冬天的一場大雪導(dǎo)致希思羅機(jī)場的航班長時(shí)間延誤。(1)delaydoingsth.(＝putoffdoingsth.) 推遲/延遲做某事bedelayedby 因……而延誤(2)withoutdelay 毫不耽擱；立刻①M(fèi)ydoctoradvisedmetogiveupsmokingwithout_delay.我的醫(yī)生勸我立即戒煙。②Myteacherdelayedtelling(tell)herthenews,waitingfortherightmoment.老師沒有馬上把消息告訴她，等有了適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)再說。3．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)；對(duì)(某人所做的事)表示感謝[經(jīng)典例句]Thegovernmentmustacknowledgewhatishappeninganddosomethingaboutit.(朗文P19)對(duì)于目前的情況，政府必須承認(rèn)其存在并對(duì)此采取措施。(1)acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as... 認(rèn)為某人/物是……；承認(rèn)某人/物是……acknowledgedoingsth. 承認(rèn)做某事Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat... ……是大家公認(rèn)的(2)acknowledgementn. 承認(rèn)；感謝①Withnosolidevidence,herefusedtoacknowledgestealing(steal)thelady'spurse.沒有確鑿的證據(jù)，他拒絕承認(rèn)偷了那位女士的錢包。②Peoplewidelyacknowledgethatone'sgreatestenemyisactuallyoneself.＝It_is_widely_acknowledged_thatone'sgreatestenemyisactuallyoneself.人們普遍認(rèn)為人類最大的敵人是自己。③LiBaihasbeenacknowledgedto_be/asoneofthemostinfluentialpoetsinthehistoryofChineseliterature.李白被認(rèn)為是中國文學(xué)史上最有影響力的詩人之一。[名師點(diǎn)津]acknowledge作“承認(rèn)”講時(shí)，其后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或that從句作賓語，但不接不定式；作“認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，常與as或tobe連用。[熟詞生義]讀句子猜含義④Igratefullyacknowledgefinancialsupportfromseverallocalbusinesses.感謝4．resistvt.抵抗，抵制[教材原句]Puttingarednoseonwhileyouarestuckinatrafficjamcanbeagoodwayofresistingthetensioncausedbythejam.當(dāng)你遇到交通阻塞時(shí)，戴上一個(gè)紅鼻子是抵抗交通阻塞帶來的緊張感的好辦法。(1)resistdoingsth. 反對(duì)做某事can'tresistdoingsth.(＝can'thelpdoingsth.) 忍不住做某事(2)resistantadj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的beresistanttosth. 對(duì)某物有抵抗力(3)resistancen. 抗拒；反對(duì)①Shecouldn'tresistshowing(show)offhernewskirtthemomentsheenteredtheclassroom.她一進(jìn)教室就忍不住炫耀起了她的新裙子。②Manyyounggirlsaren'tresistant(resist)tosomedeliciousfood,sotheybeefat.許多年輕女孩抵制不住美食的誘惑，因此就變胖了。[名師點(diǎn)津]resist表示“忍住”時(shí)常與表示否定意義的can't/canhardly/benotableto等連用；resist后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，不接不定式。5．forbid(forbade/forbad,forbidden)vt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)[教材原句]Theyknowtheirdad'sgoingtoscoldthemandforbidthemtoeverusethecaragain...他們知道爸爸會(huì)責(zé)備他們并禁止他們?cè)偈褂闷嚒?1)forbiddoingsth. 禁止做某事forbidsb.sth. 禁止某人某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(forbidsb.todosth.,forbidsb.fromdoingsth.,forbidone'sdoingsth.)) 禁止某人做某事(2)forbiddenadj. 禁止的；不準(zhǔn)的①Ithinkitissensibletoforbidusing(use)cellphonesinsomeareas.我認(rèn)為禁止在一些區(qū)域使用是明智的。②Parentsareadvisedtoforbidtheirchildrentoplayputergamesforalongtimeathome.＝Parentsareadvisedtoforbid_their_children_from_playing_putergamesforalongtimeathome.建議家長禁止孩子們長時(shí)間在家里玩電腦游戲。6．a(chǎn)stonishvt.使驚訝，使驚駭(1)Itastonishessb.that... 使某人驚訝的是……(2)astonishedadj. 感到驚訝的beastonishedat/by... 對(duì)……感到驚訝beastonishedtodo... 因……而感到驚訝astonishingadj. 令人驚訝的(3)astonishmentn. 驚奇，驚異toone'sastonishment＝totheastonishmentofsb. 讓某人感到驚訝的是inastonishment 驚訝地①Wewere_astonished_to_hearthathehadwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.聽說他獲得了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這真叫人意想不到。②Iwasastonishedat/bythenewsthathegotthefirstprizeintheNationalEnglishpetitionforMiddleSchoolStudents.我對(duì)他在全國中學(xué)生英語大賽中獲得第一名的消息感到很吃驚。③Toourgreatastonishment(astonish),sheacceptedthechallengingposition.使我們非常吃驚的是，她接受了這個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的職位。7．convincevt.使相信；說服[經(jīng)典例句]You'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.(牛津P438)你要使他們相信你殷切希望得到這份工作。(1)convincesb.todosth. 說服某人做某事convincesb.ofsth. 使某人相信某事convincesb.that... 使某人相信……(2)convincedadj. 相信的beconvincedof/that... 堅(jiān)信/確信……convincingadj. 信服的；有說服力的①Hismotherhasbeentryingtoconvince_him_to_seeadoctor.他媽媽一直在試圖說服他去看醫(yī)生。②Thepictureconvinces_me_thatitisevenmoreimportanttobeagooddaughterthanagoodstudent.這幅圖畫讓我深信做一個(gè)好女兒比做一個(gè)好學(xué)生更重要。③Fromthisstory,Iam_firmly_convinced_of_thesignificanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingawarmandharmonioussociety.通過這個(gè)故事，我堅(jiān)信了誠實(shí)的重要性，它將有助于建立一個(gè)溫暖和諧的社會(huì)。8．figuren．?dāng)?shù)字；圖形；人物；身材；身影v．計(jì)算；認(rèn)為[經(jīng)典例句]ShewasadominantfigureintheFrenchfilmindustry.她在法國電影界是個(gè)舉足輕重的人物。[一詞多義]寫出句中figure的詞性和含義①WinstonChurchillisoneoftheoutstandingpoliticalfigureofhistime.n．人物②Ithinktokeepyourfigureisachallengingthing.n．身材③Hewentontograduatefromcollegeandgotajob,earningclosetosixfigures.n.數(shù)字④ImanagedtoreachthestopsignwitheaseandIfiguredIwouldgoalittlefurther.v.認(rèn)為⑤ThroughthewindowIcouldseethemandingfigureofmyfather.n．身影figurethat... 認(rèn)為……figureout 想出，理解；弄明白，看透figureon 指望；期望，依賴⑥D(zhuǎn)on'tfigure_ongoingabroadthissummer;wemaynotbeabletoaffordit.別指望今年夏天出國，因?yàn)槲覀兛赡茇?fù)擔(dān)不起旅行費(fèi)用。⑦Samcouldn'tfigure_out_howtoprintoutthedocumentuntiltheteachershowedittohim.直到老師給他展示Sam才知道怎么打印這份文件。[自主練通詞匯]1．harmonyn．協(xié)調(diào)，和諧，融洽補(bǔ)全句子①Itisvitaltofacilitatetheshapingofagoodsocialatmosphereandto_create_a_harmonious_society(創(chuàng)建一個(gè)和諧社會(huì))．②Theviolinwas_out_of_harmony_with(與……不協(xié)調(diào))therestoftheinstrumentsintheconcertyesterday.③(2015·福建高考)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveistolivein_harmony_with(與……和諧)nature.2．desperateadj.不顧一切的；拼命的；絕望的；渴望的補(bǔ)全句子①Ithasn'trainedforseveralmonthsandthisplaceis_in_desperate_need_of(渴望得到)water.②Thegovernmentobviouslyis_desperate_to_ensure_(渴望確保)thatthereisnojoblosses.③Thesechildreninthemountainousareaare_desperate_to_learn_more_knowledge(渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí))．3．scarevt.使恐懼；使害怕；驚嚇n．恐慌；恐懼單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Tobeabraveman,youshouldnotbescaredofdanger.②Thegovernmenttriedtoscarepeople_intobeingsilent.③Wewereall_scared(scare)todeathwhenwefoundthegroundwasshaking.④Don'tbescaredofaskingifyouneedanyhelp.→Don'tbescaredtoaskifyouneedanyhelp.[點(diǎn)撥]scareodoingsth.“威脅或恐嚇某人去做某事”；bescaredofdoing/todosth.“害怕做某事”。4．cautionn．謹(jǐn)慎，小心，警告vt.警告；告誡；提醒單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①I'malwayscautiousaboutwhatIsaybecausesomecarelessremarksarelikelytohurtothers'feelings.②Thecautiousboylookedaroundandthenwalkedacrosstheroadwithcaution.(caution)③Shecautionsmenottomakefriendswiththenaughtyboy.→Shecautionsmeagainstmakingfriendswiththenaughtyboy.[詞匯過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theyweredancingandsingingonthesquare,muchtotheamusement(amuse)ofpassers-by.2．Theylostthepetition,buttheyrefusedtoacknowledgehaving_failed(fail)it.3．Sometimeswecan'tresistbeing_persuaded(persuade)tobuythingsthatwedon'tneedatall.4．Thenewlawforbidssmoking(smoke)inoffices.5．Thatwasthemostconvincing_(convince)wordsIhadeverheard.6．Whenherfamilyreceivedtheastonishingnews,everyonekeptashortsilenceinastonishment.(astonish)7．Peoplearemorecautiousaboutbuyinghousebecauseofthechangeablesituation.8．Figureoutyourgoalsinlifeandworktowardthem.9．Themanlostinthedesertwasdesperateforwater.10．I'mscaredto_go(go)outaloneintheevening.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Astonishingandhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize._Astonishing→Astonished2．Howeveramuseditis,Ihavetoputthestorybookawaytoconcentrateonmylessons._amused→amusing3．Heforbadethemofmentioningthesubjectagain.of→from4．Hehasbeenconvincedthefactthatthisoneisfarfrombeingtrue.convinced后加of5．Thereasonwhymanyofusdelaydosomethingisthatweliveforthepresentnotthefuture._do→doing6．It'suniversallyacknowledgethatinthepast30yearsChinahasmadegreatcontributionstothepeaceanddevelopmentoftheworld.acknowledge→acknowledgedⅢ.單句寫作(句型轉(zhuǎn)換/補(bǔ)全句子/句式升級(jí))1．PekingUniversityisgenerallyacknowledgedtobeoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina.→ItisgenerallyacknowledgedthatPekingUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina.2．Hisfatherforbadehimtogotoanynetbarforthesakeofhisstudy.→Hisfatherforbadehimfromgoingtoanynetbarforthesakeofhisstudy.3．Isucceededinconvincingthemthattheevidenceistrue.→Isucceededinconvincingthemofthetruthoftheevidence.4．To_our_amusement(讓我們感到可笑的是),heturnedupforworkinastrawhatandjeans.5．Inaddition,everystudentcanbe_in_harmony_with_foreign_friends(與外國朋友和諧融洽),whichmakesiteasyforyoutogetalongwiththem.6．Wewere_astonished_to_find(驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn))thatshegotcancer.7．Allthesemeasuresmustbecarriedthroughwithout_delay(毫不耽擱地)．8．Theaudiencewasamusedbyhisperformanceandburstintolaughter.(改為過去分詞短語作狀語)→Amused_by_his_performance,_the_audience_burst_into_laughter.[第二板塊短語、句式突破]1．resultin造成，導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是[教材原句]Theearthquakeresultedinmorethan2,000persons'death.那次地震造成2000多人死亡。(1)resultfrom 由于……而引起(2)asaresult 結(jié)果(在句中作狀語，常用逗號(hào)與句子隔開)asaresultof... 由于……withoutresult＝invain 沒有結(jié)果；白費(fèi)①Hisfailureintheexamresultedfromhiscarelessness.＝Hiscarelessnessresulted_inhisfailureintheexam.＝Hefailedtheexamas_a_result_ofhiscarelessness.他考試不及格是由他的粗心造成的。②Theweatherwasbad;as_a_result,_wehadtoputoffourhiking.天氣不好，結(jié)果我們不得不推遲徒步旅行。[名師點(diǎn)津]resultin“導(dǎo)致/造成……的結(jié)果”相當(dāng)于leadto/cause/bringabout，后面跟表示結(jié)果的名詞或動(dòng)名詞；resultfrom“(由于……而)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生”相當(dāng)于liein，后跟表示原因的名詞或動(dòng)名詞。2．runinto撞上；偶遇(困難，問題等)；偶然碰到[經(jīng)典例句]Thebuswentoutofcontrolandranintoalineofpeople.(牛津P1751)公共汽車失控，撞了一排人。runacross 偶然碰見runout(of) 用完；耗盡runaway(from) 逃避；逃跑；離開runafter 追趕；追求runover (撞倒并)碾壓，壓過①M(fèi)arywasfondofrunning_aftereverynewfashionwhenshewasyoung.瑪麗年輕時(shí)喜歡趕時(shí)髦。②I_ran_into/acrossanoldfriendofmineinthestreet,whomIhaven'tmetforyears.我在街上碰見了我的一個(gè)老朋友，我已經(jīng)好多年不見他了。③Iamrunning_out_ofpetrol.Imustfindagasstationbeforeitruns_out.我的汽油快用完了，我得趁它還沒用完，趕快找到加油站。[名師點(diǎn)津]runout為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其主語是物；runoutof為及物動(dòng)詞短語，其主語是人。3．regardlessof不管，不顧[教材原句]Heconstantlygetsintoawkwardandabsurdsituations,whichgreatlyamusesaudiencesregardlessoftheirnationalityorculture.他常常陷入尷尬而荒唐的情境中，盡管觀眾的民族和文化背景各異，卻都會(huì)被逗得開懷大笑。(1)asregards 關(guān)于，至于with/inregardto 關(guān)于regard...as... 把……當(dāng)作……(2)regardingprep. 關(guān)于①Drunkdrivingshouldberegardedasacrimeregardless_ofwhetherthedrivercausesacrash.酒后駕駛應(yīng)該被以犯罪對(duì)待，不管司機(jī)是否造成車禍。②Whatarethemisunderstandingsthatweusuallyhavewith/in_regard_to_happiness?在通常談到幸福時(shí)我們有什么誤解嗎？③As_regardssalary,Ileaveittoyoutodecideafterexperienceofmycapacity.至于薪金，請(qǐng)?jiān)诳简?yàn)本人的能力之后再作決定。[名師點(diǎn)津]regardlessof后可接whether,what引導(dǎo)的從句，而inspiteof和despite后一般不接從句，但可以跟thefactthat...。4．While_still_at_primary_school，Rowanhadalreadyshownadmirableactingtalent.還在上小學(xué)時(shí)，羅恩就已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出令人贊嘆的表演天賦。(1)whilestillatprimaryschool為狀語從句的省略，完整形式為whilehewasstillatprimaryschool。在while，when，if，asif，evenif/though，though，although，until，once，unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句中的主語與主句的主語一致或從句中的主語是it，且從句中含有be的某種形式時(shí)，從句中的主語連同be可同時(shí)省略。①Ifso,youshouldcongratulatehimwhiledoing_(do)whatyoucantomoveaheadinyourcareer.倘若如此，你應(yīng)該祝賀他，同時(shí)以此作為激勵(lì)你事業(yè)前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力。②Ifchosen(choose),Mr.Brown,whoisrichinexperience,willturnouttobeanexcellentmanager.如果被當(dāng)選，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的布朗先生會(huì)成為一名優(yōu)秀的經(jīng)理。③Duringtheearthquake,_if_possible,_getoutofthebuildingyouareinsideofandintoacleararea.地震發(fā)生時(shí)，若可能，立即離開室內(nèi)到空曠處。(2)while的其他用法：①引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，通常位于句首，意為“盡管；雖然”。②引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“只要”，其意思和用法相當(dāng)于aslongas。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。③連接并列句，表示對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“而；然而”。此時(shí)，while一般位于句中。④While_he_loves_his_students,_heisverystrictwiththem.雖然他愛他的學(xué)生，但是他對(duì)他們很嚴(yán)格。⑤Motionisabsolutewhilestagnationisrelative.運(yùn)動(dòng)是絕對(duì)的，而靜止是相對(duì)的。⑥Heismeanwithmoneywhile_his_brother_is_generous_with_money.他在錢的方面很吝嗇而他的哥哥卻很大方。[短語、句式過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.用result短語填空(asaresult/withoutresult/asaresultof/resultin/resultfrom)1．Thefactthatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresults_frommoreandmorenoisepollution.2．Thefootballmatchwasputoffas_a_result_of_thestorm.3．Shehadcalledthreetimestoherson,but_without_result.4．However,severalteenagersjumpedthequeuefromtimetotime,whichresulted_in_quarrels.5．Ioftenturntomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.As_a_result,_Ihavemadesteadyprogressinmystudies.Ⅱ.用regard短語填空(regard...as/asregards/inregardto/regardlessof)1．Ourclubisopentoeveryoneregardless_ofage,sexoreducationalbackground.2．In_regard_toyourrequestforinformation,IregrettoinformyouthatIamunabletohelpyou.3．Heregardsitas_hismissiontohelpthecauseoftheworldpeace.4．As_regardsenvironmentalissues,thegovernmentwillenforceexistingregulations.Ⅲ.用run短語完成下面語段(runinto/runafter/runaway/runacross/runoutof)昨天我在街上偶然遇到了我的老朋友大衛(wèi)，他陷入了沉重的債務(wù)危機(jī)。他傷心地向我解釋說為了追求他的女朋友，他已花光了他所有的積蓄，最后他的女朋友還是帶著錢離他而去。YesterdayI1.ran_acrossmyoldfriendDavidinthestreetwhohad2.run_intoheavydebt.Heexplainedtomeheartbrokenlythathehad3.run_out_ofallhissavingsinorderto4.run_afterhisgirlfriend.Butintheend,hisgirlfriend5.ran_awaywiththemoney.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Wehavesomuchhomeworktodothatwehavenotimetotakearest.→Somuchhomeworkdowehavetodothatwehavenotimetotakearest.2．Whileyouaretakingexercise,youmustbecautious.→Whiletakingexercise,_youmustbecautious.3．Ifinditishardformetomakeaspeechinpublic.→Ifindithardformetomakeaspeechinpublic.4．Eventhoughhemadeamistake,wehavetofollowhisdecisions.①Wehavetofollowhisdecisionregardlessof_hismistake.②Whilehemadeamistake,wehavetofollowhisdecisions.Ⅴ.補(bǔ)全句子1．盡管我明白你的話，但我還是不同意。While_I_understand_what_you_say,_Ican'tagreewithyou.2．這些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金頒給成績優(yōu)異的學(xué)生，不論他們的背景如何。Thesescholarshipsareawardedtoexcellentstudentsregardless_of_their_backgrounds.3．他匆忙趕到那里，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他的座位被一位老太太占了。Hehurriedthere,butfound_his_seat_taken_by_an_old_lady.4．大部分人在適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境方面有困難。Mostpeoplehave_trouble/difficulty_(in)_accustoming_themselves_to_new_surroundings.eq\a\vs4\al([課堂雙線提能]課堂一刻鐘演練，實(shí)現(xiàn)教材與高考的對(duì)接)提能一用課文詞匯寫高分作文resist，havetroubleindoing，acknowledge，forbid，resultin，convince，getridof，it'stimeforsb.todosth.1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語)①人們普遍認(rèn)為大部分學(xué)生對(duì)玩上癮。It_is_widely_acknowledged_thatmoststudentsgetaddictedtoplayingmobilephones.②即使學(xué)習(xí)壓力很大，也難以抵制這種誘惑。這會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們睡眠不足，注意力分散。Eveniftheyarefacinglearningstress,theyhave_trouble_in_resistingthistemptation,whichresults_inalackofsleepandabsenceofmind.③禁止學(xué)生過度玩是父母的責(zé)任。Itistheirparents'dutyto_forbid_the_children_from_playingmobilephonesexcessively.④父母應(yīng)該采取必要措施說服孩子們擺脫這種壞習(xí)慣。Parentsshouldtakenecessarymeasuresto_convince_their_children_to_get_rid_ofthebadhabit.⑤因?yàn)樯龑W(xué)在即，他們是到了把一切精力都投入到學(xué)習(xí)中的時(shí)候了。It_is_time_for_them_to_devotealltheirenergyandtimetostudybecausetheentranceexaminationisapproaching.2．升級(jí)平淡句(1)用省略的狀語從句升級(jí)句②Even_if_facing_learning_stress,_they_have_trouble_in_resisting_this_temptation,_which_results_in_a_lack_of_sleep_and_absence_of_mind.(2)用“itistimethat...”句型升級(jí)句⑤It_is_time_that_they_devoted/should_devote_all_their_energy_and_time_to_study_because_the_entrance_examination_is_approaching.3．銜接成語篇(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：so,what'smore)Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatmoststudentsgetaddictedtoplayingmobilephones.Eveniffacinglearningstress,theyhavetroubleinresistingthistemptation,whichresultsinalackofsleepandabsenceofmind.Itistheirparents'dutytoforbidthechildrenfromplayingmobilephonesexcessively.Soparentsshouldtakenecessarymeasurestoconvincetheirchildrentogetridofthebadhabit.What'smore,itistimethattheydevoted/shoulddevotealltheirenergyandtimetostudybecausetheentranceexaminationisapproaching.提能二用課文句型解構(gòu)高考長難句[本單元突破點(diǎn)——sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句]經(jīng)典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長難句Heyelledattheyounggirl,sothatthepassengerswaitinginlinebehindhimcouldhear“DOYOUKNOWWHOIAM？”本句中sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，waitinginlinebehindhim為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語修飾passengers。他們把管子放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢靡员阍诒永锏囊活^一直是不動(dòng)的，而線的其余部分則裸露在洞的外面。真題長難句Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)本句中sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，第一個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)并列句?！皧蕵坊顒?dòng)”是“文娛與體育”下的子話題，也是高考的熱點(diǎn)話題之一。此話題與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，在工作與學(xué)習(xí)之余，娛樂活動(dòng)必不可少，它能滿足我們的精神世界，為枯燥的生活增添幾分色彩。高考也常在聽力、閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)等題型中考查。一、話題與語篇[考題示例](2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Agardenthat'sjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(總和)ofitsparts?__36__.Butitdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●__37__Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).__38__.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__39__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.__40__.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG．Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave[策略指導(dǎo)](一)這樣讀文速讀全文，可知文章體裁為說明文，其行文脈絡(luò)如下：(二)這樣做題[名師解題]語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。你是否參觀過一個(gè)正合你心意的花園呢？你是否也想擁有一個(gè)這樣完美的屬于自己的花園呢？本文作者給出了打造理想花園的兩個(gè)步驟。一起來看看吧！36．選F上文以疑問句開頭，提出“你是否參觀過一座似乎很適合你的花園”的問題；下文提到“這并不會(huì)偶然發(fā)生”，以及一些人想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建自己花園的原因；由此可知，空格處應(yīng)引出本文的話題，即創(chuàng)建自己的花園。F項(xiàng)提到了“yourowngarden”，承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。37．選A空格處為該段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段倒數(shù)第二句中的“otherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden”并結(jié)合上文可知，本段旨在解釋創(chuàng)建花園的原因。A項(xiàng)“明白你為什么要建造花園”符合本段中心，適合做該段的小標(biāo)題。故選A。38．選E根據(jù)上文提到的“Somepeoplemaythink”，“Othersareconcernedabout”可知，本段列舉了不同的人創(chuàng)建花園的原因。E項(xiàng)“還有些人只是簡單地想享受戶外環(huán)境，親近自然”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選E。39．選C根據(jù)上文中的“butthat'snotwhat'simportant”可知，我們的花園可能是依據(jù)童年記憶而建造的，但這并不重要；由此可推知，下文應(yīng)指明什么是重要的。C項(xiàng)“我們建造花園的經(jīng)驗(yàn)最重要”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選C。40．選G上文提到，如果你想要把自己和花園緊緊地結(jié)合在一起，那你就得花些時(shí)間回憶一下你童年的花園。G項(xiàng)“為每一個(gè)那樣的花園寫下你最深刻的回憶”符合語境。[閱讀七選五系列技法2]利用遞進(jìn)關(guān)系解題遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有：also,still,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,too,either,neither,notonly...butalso等。如上文中第38題，空格前列舉了兩種原因，空格處應(yīng)是進(jìn)一步列舉第三個(gè)原因，故選E。(三)這樣積累1．bondn． 關(guān)系；紐帶2．a(chǎn)tmospheren. 大氣；氛圍3．a(chǎn)pproachv. 處理，接近4．byaccident 碰巧5．beconcernedabout 關(guān)心；擔(dān)心6．withrespectto 關(guān)于；談到二、話題與寫作[考題示例](2017·6月浙江高考)假定你是李華，計(jì)劃組織一次郊游，請(qǐng)給你的英國朋友Chris寫封郵件邀請(qǐng)他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1．參加者；2．時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；3．活動(dòng)：登山、野餐等。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[寫作規(guī)范]第一步：寫對(duì)詞匯不丟冤枉分1．興奮和快樂 excitement_and_delight2．允許 permit3．參加 take_part_in4．各種各樣的 a_variety_of_5．爬山 mountain_climbing6．玩得高興 enjoy_oneself7．在某人方便時(shí) at_one's_convenience8．讓某人做好準(zhǔn)備 enable_sb._to_prepare第二步：列全要點(diǎn)，寫對(duì)句子保基本分1．我打算組織一次郊游，希望把我的好朋友聚到一起開心一下。I_intend_to_organize_an_outing,_hoping_to_gather_my_close_friends_to_have_a_good_time.2．懷著興奮和快樂的心情，我想邀請(qǐng)你和我們一起去。With_excitement_and_delight,_I'd_love_to_invite_you_to_join_us.3．如果天氣允許，我們打算在6月28號(hào)上午7點(diǎn)鐘在我們學(xué)校門口集合。If_weather_permits,_we_are_going_to_meet_at_our_school_gate_at_seven_o'clock_in_the_morning_on_June_28th.4．你能參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)，包括爬山和野餐。You_are_able_to_take_part_in_a_variety_of_cheerful_activities_and_they_include_mountain_climbing_and_having_a_picnic.5．我堅(jiān)信這會(huì)是一個(gè)成功，我們也會(huì)玩得開心。I_firmly_believe_that_it_will_be_a_success_and_we_will_enjoy_ourselves.6．如果你想加入我們，請(qǐng)?jiān)谀阕钤绶奖銜r(shí)給我回復(fù)，以讓我做好準(zhǔn)備。If_you_want_to_join_us,_please_reply_to_me_at_your_earliest_convenience_to_enable_me_to_prepare.第三步：句式升級(jí)，打造亮點(diǎn)得高分1．用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫練習(xí)3Weather_permitting,_we_are_going_to_meet_at_our_school_gate_at_seven_o'clock_in_the_morning_on_June_28th.2．用分詞作狀語升級(jí)練習(xí)4You_are_able_to_take_part_in_a_variety_of_cheerful_activities，including_mountain_climbing_and_having_a_picnic.第四步：過渡銜接，潤色成文創(chuàng)滿分DearChris，Iintendtoorganizeanouting,hopingtogathermyclosefriendstohaveagoodtime.Withexcitementanddelight,I'dlovetoinviteyoutojoinus.Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtomeetatourschoolgateatseveno'clockonJune28th.Duringthetrip,youareabletotakepartinavarietyofcheerfulactivities,includingmountainclimbingandhavingapicnic.Ifirmlybelievethatitwillbeasuccessandwewillenjoyourselves.Ifyouwant