39/60第02講閱讀7選5——記敘文目錄01TOC\o"1-3"\h\u202體系構(gòu)建·思維可視 303核心突破·靶向攻堅(jiān) 4考點(diǎn)一考查根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題 4知識(shí)點(diǎn)記敘文特征 4考向突破考查根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題 4考點(diǎn)二利用指代一致解題 6知識(shí)點(diǎn)指代一致 6考向突破指代一致 6考點(diǎn)三考查利用詞匯線索解題 8知識(shí)點(diǎn)詞匯線索 8考向突破考查利用詞匯線索解題 8049閱讀7選5之記敘文年份卷別體裁類(lèi)別主題段首段中段尾選項(xiàng)特指字?jǐn)?shù)2025全國(guó)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)熱愛(ài)事業(yè)的咖啡館員工41完整句254+85全國(guó)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)一家人一起參加志愿服務(wù)221完整句247+832024新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與自我使用英語(yǔ)詞典的心得140完整句273+61新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)如何避免過(guò)度性旅游131完整句259+522023新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與自我學(xué)會(huì)自我原諒的辦法041完整句247+82新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)開(kāi)啟藝術(shù)之旅的建議131完整句261+632022新課標(biāo)I卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)如何找到健身伙伴041完整句257+76新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)寫(xiě)文章好修改技巧140完整句237+742021新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)巴黎一周生活經(jīng)歷140完整句270+83新課標(biāo)II卷說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)提高閱讀速度建議122完整句250+752020新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)公開(kāi)演講的一些原則131完整句235+73考情分析：1．從命題內(nèi)容上看，高考命題主要從以下幾方面考查：記敘文通常以記人敘事為主，以人物的經(jīng)歷和事物發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容。記敘文包含時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果六要素，常用的記敘順序有順敘、倒敘、插敘，表達(dá)方式有敘述或夾敘夾議。2．從命題思路上看：選項(xiàng)設(shè)置上以上下文的過(guò)渡銜接和連貫為主，要求考生能理清記敘順序和故事發(fā)展的過(guò)程與結(jié)構(gòu)。預(yù)計(jì)2026年有可能考查記敘文。復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中要熟練掌握記敘文的命題特點(diǎn)和解題方法，做到成功應(yīng)對(duì)說(shuō)明文閱讀填空。復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握記敘文的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和命題形式。2.掌握記敘文閱讀填空的解題思路和技巧?？键c(diǎn)一考查根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題知識(shí)點(diǎn)記敘文特征高考七選五中所選用的記敘文通常以記人、敘事為主，以人物的經(jīng)歷和事物發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容。記敘文包含時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果六要素；常用的記敘順序有順敘、倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘和分?jǐn)?；表達(dá)方式有敘述、描寫(xiě)、夾以議論、說(shuō)明和抒情。在閱讀七選五中，記敘文體裁的，在選項(xiàng)設(shè)置上以上下文的過(guò)渡銜接和連貫為主，要求考生能理清記敘順序和故事發(fā)展的過(guò)程與結(jié)構(gòu)(弄清事情的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果尤為重要)。記敘文的閱讀一要抓住時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果六要素，二要弄清記敘的順序，三要把握好人物的情感和態(tài)度。如果記敘中所涉及的人物較多，還要弄清人物之間的關(guān)系。在閱讀解題時(shí)，首先要通讀全文，弄清六要素和記敘的順序，特別要注意文章中所提到的多個(gè)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物，理清起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果；然后閱讀選項(xiàng)，弄清事情的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果，根據(jù)故事發(fā)展的線索、事物的先后順序、指代、同詞重現(xiàn)等下上文信息確定答案。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題1.“語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)”關(guān)系閱讀七選五的體裁的解題要從語(yǔ)篇上記敘文的六要素(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果)，理清記敘順序和故事發(fā)展的過(guò)程與結(jié)構(gòu)(弄清事情的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果尤為重要)，關(guān)注上下文的過(guò)渡銜接和連貫，進(jìn)而比對(duì)選項(xiàng)確定答案。2.借助“解釋例證”關(guān)系段落行文中的后文對(duì)前文或解釋說(shuō)明或舉例佐證。3.“轉(zhuǎn)折讓步”關(guān)系段落行文中的后句與前句構(gòu)成邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或前句與后句構(gòu)成邏輯上的讓步關(guān)系。4.“層層推進(jìn)”關(guān)系段落行文中的前句與后面的數(shù)句在某種意義上層層推進(jìn)，一層更進(jìn)一層，即通常所說(shuō)的“遞進(jìn)”。5.“原因結(jié)果”關(guān)系段落行文中的前句與后句之間構(gòu)成前因后果或者前果后因的關(guān)系。6.“齊頭并進(jìn)”關(guān)系段落行文中的句子與句子之間齊頭并進(jìn)互不相屬形成并列關(guān)系，用來(lái)說(shuō)明同一個(gè)問(wèn)題?？枷蚩疾槔眠壿嬯P(guān)系解題例1因果關(guān)系(2025年全國(guó)I卷)OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek._____19_____“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.例2根據(jù)時(shí)間先后順序解題（2010遼寧卷）AtfirstIwaspaidincandy.2Iworkedeverydayafterschool,andduringthesummerandonweekendsandholidaysfrom8a.m.to7p.m.Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.A.LaterIreceived50centsanhour.B.Beforelong,sheletmesittherebymyself.C.Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics.D.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.E.Mygrandma’strusttaughtmeowtohandleresponsibility.F.SoonIfoundmyselflookingmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.G.WatchingmymoneygrowwasmorerewardingthananythingIcouldhavebought.【變式訓(xùn)練·變載體】OneSecondEveryDayI’vebeeninadvertisingforeightyearsandusedtoworkalotoflatenightsandweekendsfornumerousprojects.1OnedayIwatchedatalkcalled“Thepoweroftimeoff”.It’sabouthoweverysevenyears,thespeakertakesayearofffromworksohecandohisowncreativeprojects.2IdecidedIhadtodothat.Ineedtotaketimetostartmyowncreativeideas.ThefirstprojectendsupbeingsomethingIcall“OneSecondEveryDay”.BasicallyIrecordonesecondofeverydayfortherestofmylife,combiningthesemomentsintoonesinglecontinuousvideountilIcan’trecordthemanymore.3There’remanythingsIhavenorecollectionofunlesssomeonebringsthemup,andIthink,“Oh,that’ssomethingIdid.”4Onagoodday,I’llhavemaybefoursecondsIwanttochoose.I’lljusthavetonarrowthemdowntoone,butevennarrowthemdowntothatoneallowsmetoremembertheotherthreeanyway.Idon’tuseanyfilters(濾鏡),justtryingtocatchthemomentasmuchaspossibleasitis.Istartedaruleofthefirstpersonview.Earlyon,IthoughtIshouldhaveacoupleofvideoswherepeoplewouldseeme,butIrealizedthatwasn’tthewaytogo.5Theprojecthasmanypossibilities.Iencourageyoualltorecordjustasmallpieceofyourlifeeveryday,soyoucanneverforgetthatdayandtreasureeverymoment.A．Itinstantlyinspiredme.B．ThepurposeistorememberwhatI’vedone.C．I’malwaysenergeticwhendoingthingsIlove.D．Peoplemighthavedifferentinterpretationsofit.E．It’sdifficult,sometimes,topickthatonesecond.F．ButIneverhadtimeforoneIwantedtoworkononmyown.G．TheessenceofmyprojectshouldberecordingthethingasIactuallyseeit.考點(diǎn)二利用指代一致解題指代一致：句子中的代詞與上下文的名詞之間存在一致的指代關(guān)系。通過(guò)仔細(xì)分析空白處前后的名詞，可以明確這種指代關(guān)系，從而確定正確選項(xiàng)?？枷蚩疾橹复恢吕?(2020·浙江卷)Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.

31

Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.A.Iwasn'taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.例2（2017?高考卷）Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.

37

Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbillformyson'sfoodpoisoning.A.This

time

there

was

no

tent.B.Things

are

going

to

be

improved.C.The

trip

they

took

me

on

was

a

rough

one.D.I

was

to

learn

a

lot

about

camping

since

then,

however.E.I

must

say

that

I

have

certainly

come

to

enjoy

camping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.【變式訓(xùn)練·變載體】（2025·浙江省嘉興地區(qū)5月高三模擬）WhatIlearnedwatchingdentistatworkIwouldliketobeadentistinthefuture.1Thepatient,tenderdentistcomfortedme,a7-year-oldgirlatthetime,andpersuadedmetostopcryingandtoacceptmytreatment.2Recently,ourteachergaveusthehomeworkofexperiencingakindofjobontheweekend.Ichosewithouthesitationtoliveadayasadentistatmyfriend’solderbrother’sworkplace.IgottoDrTan’sclinicat7:45am,15minutesbeforeofficehoursbeganonSaturday.DrTan,whohasbeenadentistforfiveyears,satinhisconsultingroomwithamaskonhisfaceandwaitedforhispatients.Ididn’treallyunderstandhisdiagnosesortreatments,butIcouldseethatDrTanwasaresponsibledoctor.Heexplainedconditionsandtherapies(治療方案)topatientsatlengthtoremovetheirdoubts.Hepausedoperationstoletpatientsrestifthetreatmentwastakingtoomuchtime.3DrTanworkedforalmostthewholemorningwithoutabreak.Heonlymadeaphonecalltohiswifetoremindhertohaveanantenatal(產(chǎn)前)examination.Yes,hewillbeafatherinfivemonths,buthestillcannotkeephiswifecompanyattheweekend.4

Theytrytoeaseothers’painanytimeandanywhere,despitethecosttotheirowntimeandlife.AsthelastpatientsaidgoodbyetoDrTanintheafternoon,myvisitcametoanend.InowfeelthatIunderstandmoreaboutdoctors.5A．Mydreamhasfinallycometrue.B．TheyaretheheroesIadmiremost.C．Doctorsareordinarypeople,yettheyarealsoangels.D．Ithelpsmetoreducestress,findfriendsandlearnnewskills.E．IthoughtitwasadreamthatwasalmostimpossibletofulfillF．That’sallbecauseofadentistIcameacrossduringmychildhood.G．Healsogaveadoctor’sadvicetohispatientscarefullybeforetheywentoutthedoor.考點(diǎn)三考查利用詞匯線索解題1.同疇詞——從詞匯線索上判斷上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者包含了后者，或可以說(shuō)后者是前者的一個(gè)子集。利用前后句中這樣的特殊的同義關(guān)系常?？梢院茌p松地解題2.代詞指代——從詞匯線索上判斷英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。3.同義詞/近義詞——從詞匯線索上判斷英語(yǔ)前言后語(yǔ)之間往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達(dá)語(yǔ)甚至相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用，這是我們解題的一個(gè)很好的判斷線索。其實(shí)就其本質(zhì)而言，上文講的代詞和下文將涉及的上下義詞和同一范疇詞都是特殊的同義/近義詞?？枷蚩疾槔迷~匯線索解題例（2021?全國(guó)I卷）Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.___37___Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.【變式訓(xùn)練·變載體】（2025·湖北省武昌區(qū)高三下學(xué)期5月質(zhì)量檢測(cè)）Evenasachild,Iwasalwaysgoal-directed.EveryJanuary1st,Iwoulddutifullysitdownandwriteoutmyresolutionsfortheupcomingyear:lose50pounds,runamarathon,haveapicture-perfecthome!Oh,andbethebestparenteverwhoneveryelledatmychildren!1ByeveryMarch,Ifalltrappedinacycleofambitionandguilt.EverythingchangedwhenIfacedconsistentbattleswithbreastandappendixcancer.That’sright:twodifferentcancers,withtwodifferenttreatmentplans,atthesametime,inthesamebody.2AndIwon’tlie-thenextyearwasincrediblydifficult.Experiencingdualtreatmentstaughtmeprofoundlessons.3Simplywakingupcancer-freebecamemydefinitionoftriumph.WhereIoncemeasuredsuccessbycompletedchecklists,Inowfoundvictoryinmychildren’slaughterorsunlightfilteringthroughhospitalblinds.Iabandonedtraditionalresolutionsbyrealizingthatbiggoalsinvitebigfailures.Instead,Iadopteda“mini-mission”approach.4Forexample,ratherthanaimingfordailygymmarathons,Icommittedto20-minutewalksthreetimesweekly.Themagicliesinaccumulatedprogress.Aftermasteringbasicnutritiongoals(fivevegetableservingsdaily),Iaddedhydrationtargets(replacingsodawithherbaltea).Thisgradualmethodevenhelpedmeconquerthefearfulrowingmachine-afeat(壯舉)I’dpreviouslyconsideredimpossible.5Myonly“resolution”lastyearwasavoidingmedicaldeductibles(免賠額)throughsustainedsmallhealthhabits.Tomydelight,itworkednotthroughextrememeasures,butthroughthesnowballeffectofmini-achievements.A．Itwasalottodealwith.B．Immediateresultsoftenmasklong-termcostsC．Survivalreshapedmyunderstandingofsuccess.D．Externalpressuresweakenself-improvementefforts.E．Tinyachievablestepsreplacedmonumentaldemands.F．PiledaccomplishmentsbuildsustainabletransformationG．Inpracticalterms,mygrandplansfrequentlybackfirepsychologically.1.【2025·全國(guó)I卷】AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore._____16_____CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks._____17_____Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime._____18_____“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek._____19_____“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid._____20_____Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.2.【2021年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷】MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.____36____Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.____37____Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoiceth