課時練1閱讀理解提速練

I閱讀理解

A

（2019?福州畢業(yè)班適應性練習）Knownas“TheManwiththeGoldenAnn”，nearlyevery

weekforthepast60years?JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodplasma（血漿）fromhisrightarm.

Thereasonscandatebacktoaseriousmedicalprocedure.

“WhenIwas14,Ihadachestoperation,MrecallsHarrison,whoisnowaged80.“Myfather

saidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaid

whenI'moldenough,I'IIbecomeablooddonor."

SoonafterHarrisonbecameadonor,doctorscalledhimin.Hisblood,theysaid,couldbethe

answertoadeadlyproblem.

“InAustralia?upuntilabout1967,therewereaboutthousandsofbabiesdyingeachyear

becauseoftherhesusdisease（恒河猴溶血?。?，"explainsJemmaFaikenmire,oftheAustralianRed

CrossBloodService.

Harrisonwasdiscoveredtohaveanunusualantibody（抗體）inhisbloodandinthe1960she

workedwithdoctorstousetheantibodiestodevelopaninjection（注射）calledAnti-Dwhichcan

preventthisdisease.

Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAnti-DthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahas

comefromHarrison,sblood.HeandAnti-Darecreditedwithsavingthelivesofmorethan2

millionbabies,accordingtotheAustralianRedCrossBloodService：That'sabout2millionlives

savedbyoneman'sblood.

Harrisonisconsideredanationalhero,andhaswonnumerousawards.Hehasnowdonated

hisplasmamorethan1,000times,butnomatterhowmanytimeshe'sgivenbloodtherefsone

thingthatwillneverchange：441lookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalktothemabit,butnever

oncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican'tstand:hesightofblood,andIcan'tstand

pain,“hesays.

【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講解并描述了JamesHarrison用自己的血液挽

救了超過兩百萬名嬰兒生命的故事。

1.Whatwas（hemainreasonforHarrison'sbecomingablooddonor?

A.Hehasagoldenarm.

B.Hehaspreciousbloodplasma.

C.Hisfatherencouragedhim（ohelpothers.

D.Donatedbloodoncemadehimsurvive.

D解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段的“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofblood

andmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhen【'moldenough,I'11becomea

blooddonor.”可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相識的人救的，所以長大后要做一個獻血

者。故D項正確。

2.WhyisJames'bloodprecious?

A.JameshastheAnti-Dinhisblood.

B.Hisbloodismoreusefulintreatingtherhesusdisease.

C.James'bloodis(hemainsourceofAnti-DinAustralia.

D.Jameshasdonatedmoreplasmathanotherdonators.

C解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第六段第一、二句可知，Harrison的血液珍貴的緣由是

他的血液是澳大利亞Anti-D的主要來源，故C項正確。

3.HowdoesHarrisonfeelwhendonatinghisplasma?

A.Nervous.B.Relaxed.

C.Anxious.D.Excited.

A解析：推理推■斷題。依據最終—■1段中的UIlookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalk

tothemabit,butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.”可知,在獻血時他看著天

花板或者護士，或許跟護士聊一聊，但從來不看針扎進千臂。據此可以推斷，他在獻血時很

驚慌，故A項正確。

(2019?江西贛中南五校聯省)BeforeIstudiedpsychology,Iusedto

thinkthatpeoplewouldlaughwhenfunnythingsoccurred.While1wasright

aboutthat?Idiscoveredtherearclotsofotherpsychologicalfactorsthatmake

peoplelaughotherthanthefunnypartofajoke.Whensomeonelaughsata

joke,therewillusuallybemorethanonereasonthatmakeshimlaugh—andthemorereasonsthere

arc,themorepowerfulthejokewillbe.

Iwasattendingastand-upcomedyshowinEgypt?andwhenthemanstartedtomakefunof

pedestrianscrossingstreets,everyonelaughedtheirheadsoff.Themainreasonwhythosepeople

stronglylaughedwasthatdmostallof(hemfeltangrytowardspedestrianswhocrossedstreets

cardcssly.Thcjokewasn'tonlyfunny,butitalsomadetheaudiencefeelthattheywererightabout

beingangryal(hosepedestrians.Thatis,peoplewerelaughingbothbecauseofthefunnyjokeand

becauseofthehappinessexperiencedasaresultofthepsychologicalsupporttheygot.

Thebetterajokemakesapersonfeel,andthemoreitincludesotherpsychologicalfactors,the

morethepersonwilllikeit.Forexample?ifyouenvyoneofyourfriends,andsomeonetellsajoke

thatisfunnyand?atthesametiine?makesyourfriendseemstupid?thenyouwillprobablylaugh

atitlouderthanifyouweren'tjealousofhim.

Inshort,wcdon'tlaughonlywhenwchearsomethingfunny;wcalsolaughwhenwc

experiencesomekindofhappinessthatresultsfromtheotherpsychologicalfactorsinvolvedinthe

joke.Istronglydiscourageyoufrommakingfunofanyoneorbelittlingsomeonetomakesomeone

elselaugh.AllIwanttoexplainisthatifyourjokesupportsaperson'semotions,hewillcertainly

likeitalot.

【解題導語】本文主要分析了人們笑的緣由。

4.Whatdidtheauthorfindoutafterstudyingpsychology?

A.Onlygoodjokesmakepeoplelaugh.

B.Manyfactorsleadtopeople'slaughing.

C.Funnythingscanmakepeoplelaugh.

D.Laughtercanmakepeoplehealthy.

B解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段其次句可知，作者在學了心理學之后發(fā)覺，笑

不僅僅是因為事情好笑，還有許多其他的心理因素的促成和影響，故選B。

5.Whydidtheaudiencelaughloudatthepedestrians?

A.Theyplayedatrickonthepedestrians.

B.Thepedestriansbehavedinafunnyway.

C.Theycouldfeelthepedestrians,happiness.

D.Theiremotionwasapprovedofbytheshow.

D解析：推理推斷題。依據其次段最終一句可推知，人們對行人的行為大笑的緣由是

他們在心理上產生了共鳴，故選D。

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordubelittlingvprobablymean?

A.Annoy.B.Blame.

C.Lookdownon.D.Makeupto.

C解析：詞義揣測題。依據最終一段倒數其次句可推知，動詞belittle和短語makefun

of是近義詞，結合選項可知，應選C。annoy"使憤怒"；blame"指責”；lookdownon”蔑

視，瞧不起"；makeupto"接近，奉承，補足”。

7.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?

B解析：推理推斷題。結合全文可知，第一段導入話題；其次、三段通過詳細事例進

行分析；依據文聿最終一段的開頭“Inshorl”可知，最終一段屬于總結。由此可知，本文屬于

總——分-----總的結構，符合本文結構的圖表是B選項c

C

（2019?福州畢業(yè)班適應性練習）NohumanhassetfootontheMoon

since1972.Now,aftermorethanfourdecadesofinactivity,interestin

puttinghumansbackontheMoonisfinallyheatingupagain.Butwhowill

gettherefirst?

CHINA

On14December2019,ChinasuccessfullylandeditsJadeRabbitrover（探測車）ontheMoon.

Itisnowworkingonitsnextexplorationmission.NamedChang'c4,themissionisscheduledto

touchdownintheAitkenBasinneartheendof2019.Ifsuccessful,itwillbethefirstlandingonthe

Moon'sfarside.

RUSSIA

RussiaplansamannedMoonlandingin2030.Itiscurrentlyworkingonaprojectwhoseidea

isthatthelanderswillexplorethesouthpoleoftheMoon,exploringforresourcessuchasminerals

andwatericetoheusedtoprovideforahumanoutpost（前哨站）.

INDIA

FollowingthesuccessofitsChandrayaan-1in2019,Indiaannouncedafollow-onmission.

Chandrayaan-2wasmeanttocooperatewithRussia.ButwhentheRussiansfailedtodeliverthe

promisedlanderin2019,Indiadecidedtogoitalone.Chandrayaan-2isabouttobesentupin

2019.

U.S.A.

InDecember2019,NASAplanstosenduptheExplorationMission1,anuncrewedtestof

（heirOrionastronautcapsuleinwhichthecraftwillcirclearoundtheMoonbeforereturningto

Earth.Allbeingwell,acrewedcapsulewillfollowin2023.Shouldthemissionproveasuccess,

theastronautswillbethefirsthumanstoseethefarsideoftheMoonwiththeirowneyessince

Apollo17in1972.

【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國、俄羅斯、度和美國的登月安排。

8.WhatwillChinadoinitsnextspacemission?

A.ImproveitsJadeRabbitrover.

B.Workwithothercountries.

C.LandChang'c4ontheMoon.

D.Explorethesouthpoleof（heMoon.

C解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段第三句可知，嫦娥四號將在2019年底著陪在月

球AitkenBasin地區(qū)。據此可知，中國的下一步空間安排是嫦娥四號登月，故C項正確。

9.WhydidIndiatrytocarryoutitsfollow-onmissionalone?

A.Ilcouldn'（findapartner.

B.Itdidn'tgetthelanderasplanned.

C.TheRussiansrefusedtoworkwithIndia.

D.IlplannedtolaunchChandrayaan-2inadvance.

B解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第四段第三句可知，由于俄羅斯沒能給印度供應著陸

器，因此印度確定自己實施登月安排，故B項正確。

10.WhichcountryisinterestedinresourcesontheMoon?

A.Russia.B.China.

C.India.D.U.S.A.

A解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第三段其次句可知，當前俄羅斯正啟動一項工程，其

思路是螯陸器將探究月球的南極，找尋礦物質和水冰等資源以供人類前哨站運用。故A項正

確。

11.Whatcanweknov/fromthetext?

A.RussiahasbuiltahumanoutpostontheMoon.

B.ChinawillbethefirsttoseethefarsideoftheMoon.

C.U.S.A,willsendacrcwcdcapsuletotheMooninthefuture.

D.HumanshavekeptactiveinexploringtheMoonsin2e1972.

C解析：推理推斷題。依據第五段其次句可知，假如一切順當，美國將于2023年發(fā)送

載人太空艙登月。據此可知，美國將在將來實施載人登月安排，故C項正確。

D

（2019?遼寧大誣雙法測試）Formanypeople,beingonthejobmight

justsoundlikeapicniccomparedtoadayathomefilledwithhousework,

mealsandchildcare.Evenforthosewithahappyfamilylife,homecan

sometimesfeelmoretaxingthanwork.

Inanewstudy,researchersatPennStateUniversityfoundsignificantlyandconsistentlylower

levelsofcortisol（皮質醇）releasedinresponsetostress,inamajorityofsubjectswhenthey

wereatworkcomparedtowhentheywereathome.Thiswastrueforbothmenandwomen,and

parentsandpeoplewithoutchildren.

Bothmenandwomenshowedlessstressatwork.Butwomenweremorelikelytoreport

feelinghappierthere.Menweremorelikelytofeelhappierathome.Expertssaythereareother

reasonswhyworkislessstressfulthanhomeformany."Paidworkismorevaluedinsociety>v

saysSarahDamaske,theleadresearcheronthestudy.uHouseholdworkisboringandnot

particularlyrewarding.^^

Wcgetbetteratourjobwithtimeandtheincreasedcompetencemeanslessstressandmore

rewards.Yetnoneofus,nomatterhowlongwe'vebeendoingit,evertrulyfeelslikeanexpertat

parentingorevenatmarriage.

Thesupportandfriendshipofco-workersalsoofferstressrelief.Athome,meanwhile,stress

spreadsandaccumulatesquickly."That'sthereasonwhymosthousewiveswishtheywerethe

breadearners,nDr.Damaskesays.

Muchoftheadvicetofamiliesandcouplesincludesthewarningtoleaveworkstressatthe

officeandeventochangeourmindsetfromworktohome,forexample,awalkarour.dthe

block.Therecentfindings,though,suggestourhomelife,notourattitude,mightbedueforsome

change.

【解題導語】本文主要介紹了一項探討，該探討表明越來越多的人認為上班比在家做

家務、做飯和帶孩子更輕松一些。

12.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"taxing”？

A.Stressful.B.Cheerful.

C.Worthwhile.D.Rewarding.

A解析：詞義揣測題。依據第一段第一句可知，許多人認為與在家做家務、做飯和帶

孩子相比，工作像野餐一樣。言外之意，上班比在家輕松，在家比上班更有壓力。故選A。

13.Whatdidtheresearchinthesecondparagraphprove?

A.Menfeltbetterathome.

B.Womenfelttheyhadlesstime.

C.Womenwereeasiertofeelhappier.

D.Mostpeoplefeltmorestressathome.

I)解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段內容可知，探討發(fā)覺：比起在家里，大多數人

在工作的時候，面對壓力，他們的皮質醇水平顯著旦連續(xù)地降低。這項探討證明大多數人

感覺在家更有壓力。故選D。

14.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofworkattheoffice?

A.Iliscompetitive.

B.Itimprovesability.

C.Itcan,trelievestress.

D.Itdoesn'talwayspayoff.

B解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第四段的第一句"Wegetbetteratourjobwithtimeandthe

increasedcompetence...rewards.“可知，隨著時間的推移，大多數的人在工作中能提高實力。

故選Bo

15.Accordingto(herecentfindings,whatshouldwechangetosolvetheproblemmentioned?

A.Ourattitude.

B.Ourmindset.

C.Ourhomelife.

D.Ourworkingstyle.

C解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據最終一段的最終一句"Therecentfindings,though,suggest

ourhomelife,notourattitude,mightbedueforsomechange."可知，我們的家庭生活得以變更

才能解決問題。故選C。

H七選五

（2019?長沙中學畢業(yè)生供煙）It'seasytotalkyourselfoutofexercising.Evenwhenyouhave

thebestintentionstoworkout,excusesarcsoeasytofind—"I'mtootired"or"I'mbusy”

or“Theweatherisbad”.Don'tworry!1.

?Takebabysteps.Youwouldnevertrytorun10milesononeday,right?Whenyoudotoo

muchtoosoon,you'IIendupinjuredanddiscouraged.Takeiteasyasyougetstarted.Maybeyou

onlyrunaquarterofamileduringyourfirstweek.2.

?Showtheclockwhoisboss.Healthexpertssayyoushouldaimforatleast150minutesof

exerciseaweek,plusweighttrainingatleasttwiceaweek.Ifyouworktoolatetogettoagym,

keepasetofweightsathome.Ifyoucan'tdo30minutesatonce,breakitupinto10-or15-minute

sections.

?3.Yourworkoutshouldbejustasmuchahabitasbrushingyourteethoreating

breakfast.Whenit'spartofyourroutine,youwon'tevenIKIVCtothinkaboutit.Inafewmonths,

fitnesscanberegularinyourday.

,Keepitreal.You*renot