1、English Basic Tenses (時(shí)態(tài)),他昨天來(lái)了. 他已經(jīng)來(lái)了. 他明天來(lái). 漢語(yǔ)借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生,而英語(yǔ)主要通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)變化來(lái)表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時(shí)態(tài).,He came yesterday.,He has come.,He will come tomorrow.,一般過(guò)去時(shí) ( The Simple Past Tense ),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ( The Simple Present tense,一般將來(lái)時(shí)( The Simple Future Tense ),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Present Continuous Tense),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(Th

2、e Past Continuous Tense),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(The Present Perfect Tense),過(guò)去完成時(shí)(The Past Perfect Tense),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(The Simple Past Future Tense),How did you spend your childhood? (3 sentences or more,使用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞, 注意動(dòng)詞形式變化),Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and baske

3、tball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,一般過(guò)去時(shí) ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 謂動(dòng)用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 2.用法: 在過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。,How is your daily life as a high school stude

4、nt?,(3 sentences or more,使用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞, 注意動(dòng)詞形式變化),二. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ( The Present Indefinite ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),謂動(dòng)要變化,其余人稱(chēng)用原形.,I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.,2. 用法: 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。,2)表

5、示不受時(shí)間限制的科學(xué)事實(shí)或客觀真理。 The earth moves around the sun.,3) 表示已安排或計(jì)劃好將來(lái)必定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等動(dòng)詞中，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如： The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.,Dad said to me, “I will buy a computer for you if you can pass the exam.” Dad told me (that) he _ (buy) a computer for

6、 me if I could pass the exam.,would buy,.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(The past future simple Tense),1. 用法: 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中.,2.結(jié)構(gòu): Should / would+動(dòng)詞原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early.,2).其他形式 was (were) going to was (were) to +動(dòng)詞原形 was (were) about to,猶如

7、,picture,How will you spend your Spring Festival holiday? I will Im going to,三. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)( The Simple Future Tense ) will / be going to do,2. be +to do，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to have an exam this week.,3. be about to do, 表示馬上做某事, 不能與明確表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. He is about to leave for Beijing.,What are they doing now

8、? They are having a class.,四. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Present Continuous Tense),2. 用法： 1) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。 We are having English class now. 2) 表示目前這段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.,1.結(jié)構(gòu): be (am, are, is)+ doing,3) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作,多用于表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如: come, go, start, arrive, leave

9、, stay. I m leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week?,On August 8, 2008, the 29th Olimpic Games was opening in Beijing.,What were you doing on that day?,五. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Past Continuous Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were + doing 2. 用法:表示過(guò)去某時(shí)或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last

10、 evening, when, while,English, boring or funny?,Q1: How old were you when you first started learning English? Q2: How long have you learnt English? A: We have learnt English for many years since we were 6 years old.,六. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(The present Perfect Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu): have (has) +過(guò)去分詞 2.用法: 1). 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)

11、始，一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài), 通常用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. 常與表示延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:so far, up to now, recently, in the past 6 years, since, for 等等,I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.,2).表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響 或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有: just ,already, yet, ever, never, once等等. We have finished our lunch already. Have you ever tried this method?,比較一般過(guò)去

12、時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),1). 一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 不涉及對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago. （現(xiàn)在不在了) My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years. (目前還在珠海),2). 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ). I studied in Zhongshan university in 2000. (20

13、00年表示具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間） I have studied in Zhongshan university since 2000. (since 2000表示從2000年至今,包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)) I have just bought an apartment. (just表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）,注意：,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間 的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù) 的。I have received his letter for a month. （錯(cuò)） I havent received his letter for almost a month. （對(duì)）,比較since和fo

14、r,since +時(shí)間點(diǎn), 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間 for+ 時(shí)間段, 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.,七.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(The past perfect Tense),結(jié)構(gòu): had + 過(guò)去分詞 概念：表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去-|-|-|- 過(guò)去之前 過(guò)去現(xiàn)在將來(lái),You graduated (畢業(yè)) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You had stayed there for 3 years wh

15、en you graduated.,When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away). When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading.,had run away,had begun,Exercises I usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get) Listen! Someone _ (knock) at the door. I _

16、(be) in Beijing for two years. How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet? He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before. 7. My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer. 8. Lily said she

17、_ (put) on the new dress the next day. 9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949? 10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would,Did,happen,was,doing,11. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, they _ (go) fishing. 12. _ your mother _ the piano every Sunday? 13. They _ (not) call

18、 you the day after tomorrow. 14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago. 15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny Jenny _ (be) a foreign girl. She _ (come) from the United States. Look, she _

19、 (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyday. Jenny _ (visit) her grandparents in the United States next month.,is,comes,is drawin

20、g,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,an empty street an empty housea hole inside heartIm all alone and the roomsare getting smallerI wonder how i wonder whyI wonder where they arethe days we hadthe songs we sang togetherand oh! my love,Im holding on foreverreaching for a lovethat seems so

21、farso i say a litter prayerno my dream will take me therewhere the skies are blue to see youonce again my love,One good turn deserves another I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but he _ (work) at a bank now. He _ (get) a good sala

22、ry, but he always _ (borrow) money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me and _ (come) and _ (sit) at the same table. He _ never _ (borrow) money from me. While he _ (eat), I _ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the money immediately. I have never

23、 borrowed any money from you, Tony said, so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) (voice),動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)； 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,We watched a film last night. I drink milk everyday. A film _.

24、 Milk _. Summary (總結(jié)): is / was +done (p.p),Present/ past simple(一般現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去時(shí)),was watched by us last night,is drunk by me everyday,Will/ would be done 新電腦下周將投入使用。 The new computers will be used next week. 媽媽告訴我我的自行車(chē)明天去修。 My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.,Present/ past futur

25、e(一般將來(lái)時(shí)/ 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)),am/ is /are being done was/ were being done 中國(guó)國(guó)家大劇院正在建設(shè)當(dāng)中。 The National Opera Building is being built at present.,Present/ past progressive (現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)),has/ have been done had been done 這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)得到了圓滿的解決。 The problem has been well solved. 昨天晚上我到超市的時(shí)候，牛奶已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。 The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket last night.,Present/ past perfect (現(xiàn)在完