1、1,Direct speech,直接引語和間接引語, 二. 用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述, 這叫間接引語 (Indirect speech).,3,that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.,4,whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.,5,wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 John asked Mary when she would return him the book.,6,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,有時(shí)會(huì)引時(shí)態(tài)的變化, 注意以下幾個(gè)方面:,從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不

2、變 She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.,7,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) “I know it,” he said.,一般過去時(shí) He said that he knew it.,8,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) “Im making coffee for you all,” she said.,過去進(jìn)行時(shí) She said she was making coffee for us all.,9,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) “I have seen her before,” said he.,過去完成時(shí) He said he had seen her be

3、fore.,10,一般過去時(shí) “I saw her last Monday,” he said.,過去完成時(shí) He said he had seen her the previous Monday.,11,過去完成時(shí) “ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.,過去完成時(shí) Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died.,12,一般將來時(shí) He said: “We shall sta

4、rt tomorrow.”,過去將來時(shí) He said they would start the next day.,13,直接引語變間接引語時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)要發(fā)生變化:,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 一般過去時(shí),一般過去時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) 過去完成時(shí),14,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變:,1. 不變的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that w

5、ater freezes when the temperature falls below 0.,15,2. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.,16,3. 歷史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.,17,4. 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如must, ought

6、 to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.,18,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等可能要變化,that those then Before/earlier that day the next/following day,19,in two days time the day before the night before two days before/earlier go there,20,1. “I like readin

7、g adventure stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading adventure stories. 2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.,Exercise I,21,3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blu

8、e notebook. 4. “How can you do that?” Mary said to Ann. Mary asked Ann how she could do that. 5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim what difference it made.,22,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday

9、 C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,23,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,24,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this w

10、eek.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,25,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D.

11、he would the next day,26,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,27,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week

12、 ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,28,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,29,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,30,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadn