1、小學(xué)英語,直讀單詞,音形結(jié)合，直讀單詞,。,一、淡化字母名稱音 英語26個字母中，每個字母除了名稱音，在單詞中還有自己的不同讀音。 學(xué)習(xí)語音最重要的是學(xué)會字母在單詞中的讀音，幾乎世界上所有的文字均有名稱音，但是都淡化了名稱音。,“課標(biāo)”對語音二級目標(biāo)的要求是： 1.知道錯誤的發(fā)音會影響交際； 2.知道字母名稱的讀音； 3.了解簡單的拼讀規(guī)律（初步了解英文字母在單詞中的發(fā)音規(guī)則，并能夠運用規(guī)則認讀簡單的單詞，初步了解常見字母組合在單詞中的讀音，能夠正確認讀含有簡單的字母組合的單詞）； 4.了解單詞有重音； 5.語音清楚，語調(diào)自然。,二、學(xué)習(xí)字母在單詞中的讀音,學(xué)習(xí)字母在單詞中的讀音原則是：“先輔

2、后元，先閉后開（先開后閉），先易后難，由近至遠”。,1輔音字母在單詞中的讀音,1)掐頭法學(xué)讀音：ff ll mm nn ss xx（6個）。 讀以上輔音字母名稱音，將其第一個音去掉，余下的音即為該字母在單詞中的讀音。 ff ef e f 去e余f ll el e l 去e余l(xiāng) mm em e m 去e余m nn en e n 去e余n ss es e s 去e余s xx eks e ks 去e余ks,2)去尾法學(xué)讀音：bb cc dd jj kk pp tt vv zz（9個）。 讀以上輔音字母名稱音，將其后面的音去掉，余下的音即為該字母在單詞中的讀音。 bb bi: b i: 去i: 余b

3、cc si: s i: 去i: 余s dd di: d i: 去i: 余d jj dei d ei 去ei 余d kk kei k ei 去ei 余k pp pi: p i: 去i: 余p tt ti: t i: 去i: 余t vv vi: v i: 去i: 余v zz zi: z i: 去i: 余z,3)對比法學(xué)讀音：與漢語拼音區(qū)別、對照學(xué)習(xí)g , h ,y ,w , r 5個輔音（5個）。,漢語拼音g h y w r 英語讀音g h y w r,4)字母組合記憶法：ch sh ck qu,漢語拼音（zh） ch sh k 英語讀音 （j） ch sh ck qu （quiet，quick

4、queen，quilt）,1)元音字母在單詞中的“短音”：,apple: a a a map, sad, fat, bag red: e e e bed, wet, yes, desk pig: i i i big, dig, swim, hit dog: o o o top, pot, box, soft duck: u u u run, jump, mud, pub,2元音字母在單詞中的讀音,2) 元音字母在單詞中的“長音”（本音）：,cake : a a a face, gate, lake me : e e e he, she, we five : i i i nine, like,

5、side nose : o o o go , so , home student: u u u due, tube, cute,3) 元音字母在單詞中的其它發(fā)音：,a : banana, after, grass, any, orange e : avenue, eraser, english, hundred i ：friend, holiday o : movie, worry, woman, love u : blue, sugar, autumn,三、教材中按語音分類的單詞板塊,1元音字母: a e i o u aa： 長音 cake, face, date, snake, grape

6、, make,game, plate, later, name, lake 短音 cat, map, hat, sad, happy, black ee： 長音 evening, we, he, be , she, these 短音bed, help, elbow, desk, ten, leg,eleven, dress, egg, hen, yes, very,ii： 長音ice, time, bike, ride, white, friday,library, rice, like, nice, kite, size 短音pink, six, in, pig, fifty, river,

7、windy, sick, sister, sit, milk, fish,slipper, in, thin, big , swim, it oo： 長音home, nose, rose, go, those, hole,close, hotel, old, hello, rope, cold 短音nod, not, closet, box, fox, lock,lot, shop, rock, office, orange, on,uu： 長音computer, tuesday, excuse, unit,january, avenue, music, use 短音sun, sunny, r

8、un, fun, jump, lunch,supper, under, truck, duck, donut, us,sunday, hundred,2元音字母組合,ea tea, speak, dream, east, easy, teacher, leaf, leave, read, jeans, meat, cheap, etc breakfast, bread, sweater, heaven, head, etc ee see, need, queen,sheep,teeth,green, sleep, nineteen, street, knee, etc,oo toothbrus

9、h, zoo, cool, food, noodles, kangaroo, school, afternoon, cookie, etc classroom, book, foot, look, good, bedroom, cookies, wood, etc ou blouse, house, mouth, mouse, south, cloudy, about, etc,ar department, arm, car, park, march, apartment, far, marker, hard, party, etc or morning, north, for, corner

10、, short, shorts, story, horse, forty, etc homework, work, world, word, etc ir shirt, bird, skirt, thirsty, thirty, third, circle, first, girl, etc,ur thursday, purple, curly, hurt, nurse, hamburger, saturday, etc er sweater, sister, teacher, letter, supper, computer, burger, under, corner, tiger, et

11、c ear ear, year, near, hear, dear, etc,ay x- ray, day, may, play, may,always, today, gray, okay, way, etc ow tomorrow, know, below, slow, elbow,yellow, show, snow, etc cow, now, brown, flower,owl,etc,3輔音字母組合,sh cashier, she, sheep, shoes, fish, etc ch chicken, teacher, chalk, chair, chant,children, much, china, etc tr waitress, tree, street, truck, traffic, strawberry , trick, etc, dr drink, dress, drive, dream, draw, etc th theatre, thirsty, three, think, third, thursday, teeth, etc mother, f