1、Unit 6 Globalization,main,PartA_ Lead-in1,Pre-listening,Listening,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,You will hear Thomas Friedman recapitulating his view of the three eras of globalization. Before listening, read the following key words and phrases selected from the talk and guess the fea

2、tures of each era. Tell a partner your guesses and find out what he / she thinks.,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Lead-in2,Pre-listening,Listening,Word Building,Lead-in,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,Background Information,PartA_ Word Building,Word Building,

3、Lead-in,Pre-listening,Listening,Match each of the words in the left column with its meaning in the right.,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,Background Information,A. to enjoy a commanding, controlling position B. to be the leader of a movement C. without an equal or equivalent; unpara

4、lleled D. marked by intensity and vigor; forceful E. to cause to become smaller,1. shrink 2. dynamic 3. spearhead 4. unique 5. dominate,縮水；退縮,動(dòng)態(tài)的;精力充沛的,先鋒，帶頭,唯一的,控制;在中占首要地位,1) The hot water my pullover. 2) He has a personality. 3) American troops formed the of the attack. 4) Every individual is . 5)

5、 Price tends to all other considerations.,PartA_ Word Building,Word Building,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Fill in the following blanks with the previous words.,shrank,_,Lead-in,Three Eras of Globalization,Background Information,dynamic,_,spearhead,_,unique,_,dominate,_,Thomas Friedma

6、n Thomas Friedman, the foreign affair columnist for the New York Times, graduated from Brandeis University in Mediterranean studies and won his masters degree in Middle East studies at Oxford University. He has won three Pulitzer Prizes. His works include From Beirut to Jerusalem, The Lexus and the

7、Olive Tree, Longitudes and Latitudes. The present excerpt is taken from his speech at MIT, introducing his new book, The World Is Flat.,PartA_ Background Information,Word Building,Background Information,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Lead-in,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Backgroun

8、d Information,Word Building,Background Information,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Lead-in,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Listening1,Pre-listening,Listening,Listen to the talk. Choose from the following options the features of each era of globalization. How good were your guesses?,P

9、art A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Listening2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,a. The world shrank from size large to size medium. b. Individuals and small groups can globalize themselves to a much greater extent. c. The world shrank from s

10、ize medium to size small. d. It will be built around individuals and small groups of every race in the world. e. The company was the dynamic agent. f. The world is shrinking from size small to size tiny. g. Globalization is achieved through the country. globalization 1.0: globalization 3.0:,a, g,_,g

11、lobalization 2.0:,c, e,_,f, b, d,_,How long did the first era of globalization last according to Thomas Friedman? The first era lasted from until . What are the reasons for the countries going global? Countries went global for the reasons of .,1) 2),PartA_ Listening3,Listen to the talk again, and co

12、mplete the answers to the following questions.,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,1492,_,Three Eras of Globalization,the early 1800s,_,imperialism,power, natural resources,PartA_ Listening4,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,3) 4) 5) 6),How long did th

13、e second era of globalization last? The second era of globalization was from until the year 2000. Who are the leaders of the second era of globalization? That era of globalization was globalizing. What are the reasons for the second era of globalization? For and for . What is unique about the third

14、era of globalization? It is built around globalizing.,the early 1800s,_,spearheaded by companies,_,markets,_,labor,_,individuals and small groups,_,PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-listening,Listening,Basically what I am arguing there is that, thereve been 3 great eras of globalization, I would argue. The

15、 first era, try to call globalization 1.0, lasted from while, I would say, 1492 until the early 1800s. Say, 1820 was the beginning of global arbitrage(套利). The first era of globalization 1.0 really shrank the world from a size large to a size medium. That era of globalization was really spearheaded

16、by countries globalizing. You went global through your country. Whether its Spain exploring the new world, Portugal East Asia, Britain colonizing India, it was countries going global for reasons of imperialism, power, natural resources. But the dynamic agent of globalization in that era was really t

17、he country. The second era of globalization, globalization 2.0, I would argue, was from early 1800s until the year 2000. It just ended. And that era of globalization shrank the world from size medium to size small. And that era of globalization, I would argue, was spearheaded by companies globalizin

18、g, multinationals,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,globalizing for markets and for labor. And in that era of globalization, you went global through your company. The company was the dynamic agent of that era of globa

19、lization. What I am trying to argue in this book is while you were sleeping, we enter globalization 3.0, certainly while I was sleeping. It is shrinking the world from size small to size tiny and flattening the global economic playing field at the same time. Only whats really new, unique and differe

20、nt about this era is that this era of globalization is not built around countries globalizing, and its not built around companies globalizing. What is new and unique about this era is the degree to which it is and will continue to be built around individuals globalizing, individuals and small groups

21、. What is the new and unique thing about this era is the degree to which individuals and small groups can globalize themselves and increasingly must think of themselves globally and locate themselves globally. And pay attention, this era of,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-list

22、ening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,globalization, I would argue, unlike globalization 1.0 and 2.0, is not gonna be built exclusively around a group of white western individuals who dominated the first 2 eras of globalization. Its gonna be built around individuals and small groups of every color of

23、 the rainbow who will be able to plug(勤苦工作，用功) and play.,Three Eras of Globalization,PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,Basically what I am arguing there is that, thereve been 3 great eras of globalization, I would argue. The first era, tr

24、y to call globalization 1.0, lasted from while, I would say, 1492 until the early 1800s. Say, 1820 was the beginning of global arbitrage. The first era of globalization 1.0 really shrank the world from a size large to a size medium. That era of globalization was really spearheaded by countries globa

25、lizing. You went global through your country. Whether its Spain exploring the new world, Portugal East Asia, Britain colonizing India, it was countries going global for reasons of imperialism, power, natural resources. But the dynamic agent of globalization in that era was really the country. The se

26、cond era of globalization, globalization 2.0, I would argue, was from early 1800s until the year 2000. It just ended. And that era of globalization shrank the world from size medium to size small. And that era of globalization, I would argue, was spearheaded by companies globalizing, multinationals,

27、PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,globalizing for markets and for labor. And in that era of globalization, you went global through your company. The company was the dynamic agent of that era of globalization. What I am trying to argue in

28、this book is while you were sleeping, we enter globalization 3.0, certainly while I was sleeping. It is shrinking the world from size small to size tiny and flattening the global economic playing field at the same time. Only whats really new, unique and different about this era is that this era of g

29、lobalization is not built around countries globalizing, and its not built around companies globalizing. What is new and unique about this era is the degree to which it is and will continue to be built around individuals globalizing, individuals and small groups. What is the new and unique thing abou

30、t this era is the degree to which individuals and small groups can globalize themselves and increasingly must think of themselves globally and locate themselves globally. And pay attention, this era of,PartA_ Listening-sprit,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Three Eras of Globalization,gl

31、obalization, I would argue, unlike globalization 1.0 and 2.0, is not gonna be built exclusively around a group of white western individuals who dominated the first 2 eras of globalization. Its gonna be built around individuals and small groups of every color of the rainbow who will be able to plug a

32、nd play.,PartB_lead in1,You will hear a speech about globalization and China. The speaker talked about the benefits and challenges brought out by globalization. Try to list as many benefits and challenges as you can with a partner before listening to the speech.,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Info

33、rmation,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Globalization and China,Benefits: Challenges:,PartB_lead in2,Pre-listening,Background Information,Listening,Word Building,Lead-in,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,higher productivity and living standards / increased efficiency / better legal syst

34、em / more foreign investment,navigating the capital market and ensuing equality / higher unemployment / income disparities,PartB_ Word Building1,Match each word in the left column with its definition in the right one.,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B

35、,Part C,Eternal Love,A. to have, impose, or require as a necessary accompaniment or consequence B. to put out of usual place, position or relationship C. the condition or fact of being unequal, as in age, rank, or degree; difference D. to abate the courage of; discourage E. to make part of the large

36、r unit,1. integrate 2. daunt 3. dislocate 4. disparity 5. entail,使整合,威嚇,使（交通，事務(wù)等）混亂,不一致；懸殊,使蒙受,使承擔(dān),PartB_lead in2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,Fill in the following blanks with the previous words.,1) 2) 3) 4),This project is t

37、o research information into its collection management system. It is to think that your job will no longer exist in the next decade. Members of the colonized and the colonizers underwent processes of identity in this era. The period 1820-1860 has been the attention of both economic and labor historia

38、ns due to the apparent in wage rates.,integrate,_,daunting,_,dislocation,_,disparity,_,PartB_lead in2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,5),This will among others preparation of project work plans, budget revisions and organization

39、of field visits.,entail,_,PartB_ Background Information1,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,Pre-listening,IMF (國(guó)際貨幣基金組織) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member c

40、ountries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rate and the balance of payments. It is an,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,organization formed with a stated objective of stabilizing international exchange rates and facilitating development. It also offers highly leveraged loans,

41、 mainly to poorer countries. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C., United States.,PartB_ Background Information2,Kofi Annan Kofi Atta Annan (born 8 April 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2006. Annan

42、and the United Nations were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize.,Word Building,Lead-in,Background Information,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,PartB_ Listening1,Listen to the talk and complete the table by putting the entries into the corresponding boxes.,Pre-lis

43、tening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,ahigher productivity and living standards bhigher unemployment cmaking domestic industry more efficient dspurring the development of the legal and regulatory framework necessary for a market economy egreater income disparities fincreasing foreign di

44、rect investment,PartB_ Listening2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,Benefits of Globalization,a,Challenges China Faces,Policies to Meet the Challenges,b, e,c, d, f,PartB_ Listening3,Listen to the talk again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)

45、. Give reasons for your answers,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,1)For China, integrating further into the global system is out of the question.,For China, integrating further into the global system is no longer a question.,F,( ),2) The benefits of globalization are now shar

46、ed by all.,The benefits of globalization should be shared by all.,F,( ),PartB_ Listening4,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,T,( ),3)Chinas policy is to further open up.,4)Agriculture and automobiles are dislocated because of globalization.,Agriculture and automobiles are exam

47、ples of possible dislocation because of globalization.,F,( ),T,( ),5)How to better social security system and banking system should be on the mind of the policy makers.,PartB_ Listening-sprit1,Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, I am honored to be here at this critical point in Chinas remarkable dev

48、elopment. Your topic, globalization and its far-reaching impacts, could not be more timely. It tops the international agenda in policymaking circles, it absorbs academics and scholars, it generates much interest in the media, and it fascinates people around the world as they debate the impact on the

49、ir own lives. For China, this topic is anything but theoretical. It could not be more real. In the coming months and years, China must make decisions that will determine how well it integrates further into the global system. There is no longer a question of whether to integrate, but only of how best

50、 to do so. Globalization offers enormous benefits, in the form of higher productivity and living standards. But it also poses daunting challenges navigating capital markets and ensuring that the benefits of the globalized economy are shared by all. In the end, China, like all,Pre-listening,Listening

51、,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,PartB_ Listening-sprit2,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,nations, must find its own way, true to its culture and institutions. The IMF, along with the rest of the UN family, can help by providing a safer environment to do so. As UN Secretar

52、y General Kofi Annan recently said: “It is our job to ensure globalization provides benefits, not just for some, but for all; that peace and security hold, not only for a few, but for the many; that opportunities exist, not merely for the privileged, but for every human being everywhere.” Chinas dec

53、ision to further open up its economy should help to make domestic industry more efficient, spur the development of the legal and regulatory framework necessary for a market economy, and increase foreign direct investment. But it will also give rise to major short-term dislocations in the transition

54、possibly including higher unemployment and greater income disparities. It will certainly increase competitive pressures in a number of sectors (agriculture, automobiles, and certain capital intensive producers, such as in telecommunications), all of which should work in the right direction for the l

55、onger term.,PartB_ Listening-sprit3,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,For these reasons, it is essential that China continue to prepare its domestic enterprises and banking system for global competition. This will entail establishing a government social security system, stren

56、gthening the banking system, and further liberalizing interest rates. As the effects of increased competition feed through into efficiency and productivity gains, reversing the declines witnessed in recent years, the benefits will be seen in higher living standards for Chinas people.,PartB_ Listenin

57、g-sprit1,Pre-listening,Listening,Part A,Part B,Part C,Eternal Love,Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, I am honored to be here at this critical point in Chinas remarkable development. Your topic, globalization and its far-reaching impacts, could not be more timely. It tops the international agenda i

58、n policymaking circles, it absorbs academics and scholars, it generates much interest in the media, and it fascinates people around the world as they debate the impact on their own lives. For China, this topic is anything but theoretical. It could not be more real. In the coming months and years, Ch

59、ina must make decisions that will determine how well it integrates further into the global system. There is no longer a question of whether to integrate, but only of how best to do so. Globalization offers enormous benefits, in the form of higher productivity and living standards. But it also poses daunting challe