1、Fun with English 9B Unit1 Life on Mars Grammar,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略。,around the sun,Object clauses introduced by “that”: 由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句,I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. The teacher told us (that) _.,that不能省略的幾種情況 在

2、由that引導的賓語從句中，由于連詞that只起引導功能，無具體意義，不擔當任何成份，因此在口語或非正式的文體中?？墒÷?。然而，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列that引導的賓語從句中，that則不能省略。,1. 從句的主語是that。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他說那是一個真的王冠。 2. that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. 3. 主從句之間有插入語時。如： It says here, on this card, that it w

3、as used in plays. 卡片上寫著，它是古代演戲用的。 4. 若出現(xiàn)兩個或兩上以上的由that引導的賓語從句，且由并列連詞連接時，只有第一個連詞that可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。,About the planet Mars,These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars. Scientists will develop plants

4、 that can grow on Mars. People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light. Some scientists do no

5、t believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.,Which sentence has an object clause?,Object clauses introduced by “if” and “whether”,. if和whether引導賓語從句時，作“是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒有區(qū)別，可以換用。但if常用于口語中，whether比較正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉問他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to

6、 know if/whether it will rain. 漁民想知道天是否會下雨。 . if和whether引導賓語從句時，要注意賓語從句三要素，即連詞、語序和時態(tài)。由于if和whether連接的是一般疑問句，因此要注意把從句語序改為陳述句語序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? . if和whether的區(qū)別。 二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用： 1. 賓語從句置于句首表示強調(diào)時，應(yīng)用whether，不用if。如

7、： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 這是否對，我不能說 2. 賓語從句與or not直接連用時，應(yīng)用whether， 不能用if。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否要來。 3. 與動詞不定式連用時，只能用whether。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能決定是否去美國。 4. 從句作介詞賓語時，只能用whether。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feel

8、ing. 我擔心是否傷了她的感情。 5. 賓語從句的謂語動詞是否定形式時，只能用if，不能用whether。如： Tom wants know if he wont come here tomorrow. 湯姆想知道他明天是否不來這兒。,1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine. 2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.,Complete the sentence

9、s with “if / whether”.,If / whether,whether,3. I dont know _ to go or stay? 4. _ that is true, what should we do?,whether,If,5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.,Whether,其次要注意時態(tài)變化： 1. 若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用任何所需時態(tài)。如： He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home

10、. 他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。 2. 若主句是一般過去時，從句則用跟過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時、現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時、一般將來時為過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去完成時。如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left.,Complete the sentences.,whether/if we can grow plants,if/whether many people are going to move,whether or not he do

11、es,whether I hurt her feelings,1. 我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。 We are wondering _on Mars. 2. 你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星上去嗎？ Could you tell me _ to Mars? 3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing. 4. 我擔心是否傷害了她的感情。 I was worried about _.,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well.

12、 (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _

13、about the murder now. (talk),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,travels,are talking,were doing,9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) 10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Mr Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who _ away t

14、he book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ there several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,were,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What wil

15、l you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to go skiing.,He said that

16、he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked. 7. When will he come back? Tom asked. 8.How can I get to the station? Could you tell me? 9.Why is the train late? Would you tell me? 10. Where is Tom? They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,

17、Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,Jim asked if she was doing her homework.,Using “can”, “could”, “may” and “might” to talk about permission.,can, could, may, might都可以用來表示請求或給予許可。但用法上有一些區(qū)別：,1. can與could can常用于口語中，表示非正式的請

18、求，請求對象一般是家人或朋友。如： Can I borrow your bike, Simon? 西蒙，我可以借一下你的自行車嗎？ Of course. 當然可以。 Can I have some milk, Mum? 媽媽，我可以喝點牛奶嗎？ Yes, you can. 好的。,could是can的過去式，在口語中，could常用來代替can向?qū)Ψ礁竦靥岢稣埱螅梅ㄉ媳萩an正式，可以用于向老師或長輩提出請求，這時could不表示過去，回答一般還是用can。如： a) Could I use your computer, please? 請問，我可以用一下你的電腦嗎？ Yes, you can. 可以。,b) Could I hand in our homewo