1、English Lexicology(II),1,當(dāng)代研究生英語 張燕華 英語專業(yè)教研室 ,English Lexicology(II),2,詞匯?？碱}型,English Lexicology(II),3,詞匯測試的目的主要是測試對詞語的掌握程度，運(yùn)用能力及辨析能力。詞匯部分特別注重對基礎(chǔ)詞匯的測試， 或是詞的辨析和比較， 或是固定搭配， 或是常用的詞組。 學(xué)習(xí)掌握一些英語構(gòu)詞法 注意比較同義詞和近義詞的區(qū)別。 熟記固定詞組搭配。 充分利用題干中的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理。 題干中的邏輯關(guān)系包括同義結(jié)構(gòu)、反義關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系等。,English Lexicology(II),4,一、同義詞與近義詞 指含

2、義基本相同或相近的詞，但考生需要能區(qū)分這些同義詞與近義詞的不同用法及其基本搭配。,English Lexicology(II),5,The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope. A. eternal B. infinite C. ceaseless D. everlasting eternal: 永恒的 infinite：無限的 ceaseless: 不停的，繼續(xù)的 everlasting:永久的,無休止的,English Lexicology

3、(II),6,2. Although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money. A. economic B. thrifty C. frugal D. careful economic: 經(jīng)濟(jì)的，不浪費(fèi)的 thrifty: 節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的 thrifty of frugal: 節(jié)約的，不亂花錢的，frugal with careful 小心的,English Lexicology(II),7,二、形似詞 指同根詞， 即詞根相同， 但詞義、用法有差異的詞； 以及同綴詞， 即詞前綴或后綴相同， 但詞義、用法不同的詞。,Englis

4、h Lexicology(II),8,3. The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field. A. respectable B. respectful C. respective D. respecting respectable: 令人尊敬的， 可敬的 respectful: 恭敬的，有禮貌的 respective: 各自的，分別的 respecting: 關(guān)于,English Lexicology(II),9,4. Your advice would be_ valuable to him, who is now at

5、a loss as to what to do. A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively exceedingly: 及其，非常 excessively: 過多，過分 extensively: 廣泛地，大量地 exclusively: 專有地，單獨地,English Lexicology(II),10,三、基本搭配和固定短語 注意積累一定的習(xí)慣用法和搭配。,English Lexicology(II),11,5. You must let me have the annual report without _ by

6、ten oclock tomorrow morning. A. failure B. hesitation C. trouble D. fail without failure 為固定用法，表示“一定， 必定”,English Lexicology(II),12,6. I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him. A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experience by chance: 偶然的，意外的 by heart: 用心記住 by sight: 面熟 by experience: 從經(jīng)驗中

7、,English Lexicology(II),13,7. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. A. on view B. at a glance C. on the scene D. in sight on view: 展覽， 陳列 at a glance: 看一眼就 on the scene: 出現(xiàn)， 到場 in sight: 在視野中， 看得見,English Lexicology(II),

8、14,四、 常見動詞與介詞、副詞構(gòu)成的短語 8. She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit （押金）. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand down D. hand over hand in: 提交 hand out: 分發(fā)， 散發(fā) hand down: 往下傳， 傳給（后代） hand over: 移交， 交出,English Lexicology(II),15,9. The old couple will never _ the loss of thei

9、r son. A. get over B. get away C. get off D. get across get over: 克服，忘卻，從中恢復(fù)過來 get away: 離開， 逃脫 get off: 下車，動身，起飛 get across: 被理解，（使）通過,English Lexicology(II),16,詞匯構(gòu)詞法,English Lexicology(II),17,1. Affixation 加綴法 prefixation: supermarket suffixation: development 2. Conversion:轉(zhuǎn)換法 She is patient with

10、the patient. 3. Compounding: 合成法 earthquake 4. Shortening 截短法 plane: aeroplane exam: examination flu: influenza,English Lexicology(II),18,Prefix,English Lexicology(II),19,Negative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),20,Reversative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),21,Pejorative prefixes,English Lexicology

11、(II),22,Prefixes of degree or size,English Lexicology(II),23,Prefixes of degree or size,English Lexicology(II),24,Prefixes of attitude,English Lexicology(II),25,Locative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),26,Prefixes of time and order,English Lexicology(II),27,Number prefixes,English Lexicology(II),28,

12、Suffix,English Lexicology(II),29,Noun suffixes,English Lexicology(II),30,Noun suffixes,English Lexicology(II),31,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),32,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),33,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),34,Adverb Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),35,詞匯練習(xí),Engli

13、sh Lexicology(II),36,Im in a position to think about my future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens. A. used to B. unwilling to C. able to D. glad to,English Lexicology(II),37,The Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes. A. fur

14、thered B. showed C. replaced D. excluded,English Lexicology(II),38,Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands. A. generation B. kindness C. faculty D. readiness,English Lexicology(II),39,Green plants take in carbon dioxide and

15、 give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis. A. donate B. check C. withhold D. release,English Lexicology(II),40,The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors and other people because of the traditionally high value of gold. A. searchers B. inspecto

16、rs C. protectors D. instructors,English Lexicology(II),41,Even our Mitsubishi four-wheel-drive truck gets altitude sickness once in a while, so we like to give her a rest whenever we can. A. sometimes B. usually C. often D. seldom,English Lexicology(II),42,Working where there is no running water causes a lot of suffering. Fortunately we have a cold spring a short distance from our house. A. Forgivably B. Steadily C. Constantly D. Luckily,