1、專八聽力,“interview”部分常見問題,（1）語音語調(diào)：對同(近)音異義詞、連讀和語調(diào)升降帶來的意義差別不敏感 （2）語法結(jié)構(gòu)：對虛擬語態(tài)、正話反說、邏輯聯(lián)系語(信號詞)不敏感 （3）思維能力：預(yù)覽題目時抓不準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞；聽到關(guān)鍵信息時不會歸納簡化 （4）語篇意識：題目一般與聽到的話語順序一致，但也有些題目需要前后推理，考生往往沒有記下前面出現(xiàn)的語篇銜接性結(jié)構(gòu),復(fù)習(xí)方法,精聽真題，摘記重點信息提示語，聽到這些提示語時要高度警惕，因為這些提示語過后往往會出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵信息，這樣在聽訪談時就可以分清信息的主次，如： When we discuss, a critical point is often

2、ignored. This is of course well known. What is less discussed is But the point is Well, many people think The fact is definitely not true. Well, my real objection to this idea is I mean, ,解題技巧,（1）聽前迅速預(yù)覽選項，選項中相同表達(dá)部分看一個就行 （2）挖掘選項之間、題目之間的邏輯關(guān)系，迅速預(yù)測題目，復(fù)原對話 （3）留意題干中的特殊詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)，如all, only, always, mainly, gen

3、erally, used to （4）聽時特別要關(guān)注however, but, so等信號詞后面的信息,（5）與答案有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵信息重復(fù)率高（近義表達(dá)），注意原話與答案的同義轉(zhuǎn)換 （6）辨明說話人態(tài)度，注意字面意思和實際意圖是否一致，尤其要留意虛擬語態(tài)和表達(dá)態(tài)度的詞匯：supportive, negative, ambiguous, critical, cautious, hesitant （7）最后一題若為主旨題，建議放到最前面做好，因為主旨一般出現(xiàn)在訪談開頭。 （8）出到“例子用意”一定要聽清例子之前的中心句（2012 2）,預(yù)備練習(xí),（1）抓關(guān)鍵詞 找出以下題干中最為關(guān)鍵的一個詞： The

4、 modern electronic anti-noise devices _. A. are an update version of the traditional methods. B. share similarities with the traditional methods. C. are as inefficient as the traditional methods. D. are based on an entirely new working principle.,（2）判斷真實意圖 Well, Im afraid I do. But I might be mistak

5、en. Id be sacked if I accepted your offer.,（3）挖掘選項之間的邏輯，答案往往在對立的選項中（兩兩對立選其一）。 找出對立的選項： A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public D. Toastmasters is an exclusive

6、 club for professional speakers 2010.4.5,（4）挖掘題目與題目之間的邏輯。 2008年的對話講的是一男一女對興建機(jī)場的看法，其中第一題是：Mary doesnt seem to favor the idea of a new airport because _. 第三題是：Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPT _. 第五題是：We learn from the conversation that Freddy is _ Marys ideas. A. stro

7、ngly in favor of B. mildly in favor of C. strongly against D. mildly against 是否可以根據(jù)這兩道題目，縮小第五題答案的范圍？,1. 分析真題題目 2. 模擬題（自行打?。?講座,復(fù)習(xí)方法 （1）講座部分內(nèi)容與英語專業(yè)知識課程相關(guān)，如：Writing a Research Paper (2005)（論文寫作）; Meaning in Literature (2006) （英美文學(xué)）; What Can We Learn from Art? (2007)（歐洲文化入門); The Popularity of English

8、 (2008) （語言學(xué)）Paralinguistic Features of Language (2010)（語言學(xué)）; Classifications of Cultures (2011)（跨文化交際）等。,（2）練習(xí)時，不看填空題，邊聽邊記錄要點，擬寫講座綱要，培養(yǎng)概括能力。如一開始有困難，建議以讀帶聽，即快速閱讀錄音文稿，寫出提綱，再對照所需填空的提綱，看自己歸納記錄的是否是要點，從而培養(yǎng)對要點的敏感性。,2. 解題技巧 （1）聽前：根據(jù)上下文做完形填空，有效預(yù)測講座要點，明確空格處所填詞（組）的詞性。 （2）聽時：“以聽和理解為主，以記為輔”，一定要把握講座的邏輯走向。明確這些問題：

9、講座的主旨和意圖是什么？分別從哪些方面加以闡述？用了什么例子來佐證哪個要點？有否與同類事物進(jìn)行對比？在語言形式上，建議抓住講話人提的問題，列舉、舉例、轉(zhuǎn)折、強(qiáng)調(diào)類邏輯關(guān)系表達(dá)前后的語句。具體記錄時，把中高級口譯培訓(xùn)課上講過的速記方法遷移過來。 （3）聽后：每空限填1-3個單詞；注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)化，單復(fù)數(shù)，大小寫，虛擬語態(tài)等問題；保持提綱各級結(jié)構(gòu)平行；少數(shù)幾格需歸納推斷。,3. 預(yù)備練習(xí) （1）完形填空 借助常識和上下文語境，試對以下提綱中的空格進(jìn)行完形填空。 In business, many places adopt a credit system, which dates back to anc

10、ient times. At present, purchases can be made by using credit cards. They fall into two categories: one has (1) _use, while the other is accepted almost everywhere. The application for the use of the latter one must be made at a (2) _.,Advantages: 1. With a card, it is not (3) _ to save up money bef

11、ore an actual purchase. 2. If the card is lost, its owner is protected. 3. A (4) _ and complete list of purchase received from the credit company helps the owner to remember the time and (5) _ of his purchase.,Major (6) _: The card owner is tempted to (7) _ his money. If this is the case, it will be

12、come increasingly difficult for the user to keep up with the required (8) _, which will result in the credit card being cancelled by the credit company.,（2）記錄要點：讀以下段落，分析語篇組織方法，提煉提綱中的一級要點 First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay, a form of

13、 writing youre very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay. Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps, that is, choosing a topic, asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with, outlining t

14、he paper, writing it and finally revising it. These are the steps shared between research paper writing and essay writing. “Is there any difference?” You may ask. Yes. What makes a research paper different is that much of your raw material comes not from you own head, but from printed resources, mai

15、nly books and periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is, reading books and taking notes is very much like the process of brainstorming at the pre-writing stage of an ordinary essay.,本段主要介紹研究論文的概況，采用比較論證和舉例論證，一級要點如下： research paper different in raw material (printed resources vs. o

16、nes head/mind) 劃線部分正是要求考生填空的關(guān)鍵信息。,3.修改提綱 Writing Experimental Reports I. Content of an experimental report, e.g.- study subject/ area- study purpose- (1) results II. Presentation of an experimental report- providing details- regarding readers as (2) having little knowledge,III. Structure of an exper

17、imental report- feature: highly structured and (3) discipline- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION (4) study subject; why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out(5) Discussion what you think it shows,IV. Sense of readership- (6) common mistake: reader is the marker- (7) In reality: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, i