1、,Lord of the Flies,張艷 西語 一班 2010061003,Lets have a review,William Langland (13301440) Piers the Plowman 耕者皮爾斯 William Shakespeare (15641616) 154 sonnets,37 plays(14comedies,12tragidies 11 historical works), two long poems William Blake (17571827) Songs of Innocence 天真之歌 Songs of Experience 經(jīng)驗之歌 Will

2、iam Wordsworth (17701850) “Lake Poets” Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌謠集 William Makepeace Thackeray (18111863) Vanity Fair 名利場,the important point of the novel,Author Main characters of the novel Plot Themes Symbols,(19111994)was a English novelist, he won the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1980, and the Nobel Pr

3、ize for Literature in 1983. His first novel was immediate success.,William Golding,William Golding,Lord of the Flies,The Inheritors(1955), Pincher Martin(1956), Free Will(1955), The Spire(1964),science,William Golding,Two years later,English literature,During world war ,British Royal Navy,He hated t

4、he German fascist who murdered the Jews,After war,Lord of the Flies,The Inheritors,Pincher Martin,Free Will,The Spire,Golding himself was a religious man who followed the Puritan tradition which emphasized Original Sin, and this idea strongly influenced his literary creation.,Oxford University,A fab

5、le is a veiled story about the truth of human existence.The theme is the dark sideor evilof human nature.,Main characters of the novel,Ralph (拉爾夫) ,the novels protagonist, who represents the civilizing instinct within human beings.,Jack (杰克),the novels antagonist, one of the older boys stranded on t

6、he jungle island . On the island, jack is the leader of the hunters, he represents the instinct of savagery within human beings.,Main characters of the novel,Simon (西蒙)is in some ways the only naturally “good” Character on the island, he represents a kind of natural goodness.,Piggy (豬崽子)Ralphs “l(fā)ieu

7、tenant, a whiny, intellectual boy, he represents the scientific, rational side of civilization.,Roger (羅杰) Jacks “l(fā)ieutenant” A sadistic ,cruel older boy who murders Piggy by rolling a boulder into him.,Lord of the Flies,Lord of the Flies write in 1954 and film in 1963. It tells a story about the fa

8、te of a group of English schoolboys who are marooned and become isolated, Which is an allegory about the tragedy of human nature.,Lord of the Flies,有一群孩子乘著飛機路過海上時發(fā)生了墜機事件并困在了一個荒島上。最初孩子們齊心協(xié)力，共同應(yīng)付隨之而來的種種困難。但由于對“野獸”的恐懼使孩子們漸漸分裂成兩派，代表理智與文明的一派與代表野性與原始的一派，最終爆發(fā)了兩派中的矛盾。,plot,A plane crashed, a group of boys c

9、ame to an isolated island Ralph was selected to be a leader and “piggy” found aconch which Ralph uses as a horn They created the fire for rescue with Piggys glasses, and, for a time, the boys work together for building house and looking for food,A naval officer landed on the island near where Ralph

10、was lying, and his sudden appearance brought the childrens fighting to an abrupt halt. Upon learning of the boys activities, the officer initially believed them only to be playing a game. In the end, Ralph cried sadly for the island had been a bloody place.,Themes,Civilization Savagery （文明與野蠻） The c

11、onflict between the two instincts is the driving force of the novel, explored through the dissolution of the young English boys civilized, moral, disciplined behavior as they accustom themselves to a wild, brutal, barbaric life as savages in the jungle. 作品揭示了，一群英國少年在逐步適應(yīng)了叢林中如野人般的狂放不羈,兇殘，野蠻的生活方式后漸漸拋棄

12、了文明，道德，有原則的行為模式，并以此詮釋了兩種天性的沖突。,Themes,Loss of innocence (童心泯滅) As the boys on the island progress from well-behaved, orderly children who hope to be rescued to cruel, bloodthirsty hunters who have no desire to return to civilization, they naturally lose the sense of innocence that they possessed at

13、the beginning of the novel. 海島上的男孩在從一群舉止良好，秩序井然，渴望得救的孩子們逐步變成殘忍，嗜血，不愿重返文明社會的獵手過程中，自然而然地喪失了他們在作品開頭所擁有的童稚之心,Themes,Innate human evil (性本惡) morality as an imposed set of socially conditioned behaviors 道德是受社會約束的強制性行為 Christian iconography 基督教形象 the use of superstition and religion as methods of obtaining

14、 power over others 利用迷信與宗教獲取控制他人的權(quán)利,Symbols,The conch shell (海螺) becomes a powerful symbol of civilization and order; it is an actual vessel of political legitimacy （政治的合理性）and democratic power.,Piggys Glasses(豬崽子的眼鏡) represent the power of science and intellectual endeavor （知識的探尋）in society.,The si

15、gnal fire (信號火堆) as a kind of measuring stick by which the strength of the civilized instinct on the island can be judged.（測量文明天性的尺碼）,Symbols,The beast (野獸) which frightens all the boys, stands for the primal instinct of savagery that exists within all human beings.(人類心中原始野蠻天性),The lord of the flies

16、 (蠅王) is the bloody sows head that Jack impales on a strake in forest the beast, a symbol of the power of the evil, and a kind of Satanic figure who evokes the beast within each human being. (蠅王是一直血淋淋的母豬頭，杰克將其釘在了林中空地的一根木棒上作為獻給野獸的供品，象征了邪惡的力量，而且成為撒旦式的形象喚起每個人心中的獸性),Lord of the Flies,“蠅王”來源于希伯來語，原詞為“Bee

17、lzebub” (又有說此詞出自阿拉伯語)。 在英語中，“蠅王”則是糞便與丑惡之王（或污物之王），在圣經(jīng)中，“Beelzebub”被當(dāng)作“萬惡之首”。 在小說里，蠅王不只是象征著丑惡的懸掛著的豬頭，更代表的是人性最深層的黑暗面，是無法避免的劣根性。,Question and Answer,What does it mean to say that Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel?,Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel because its important characters and objects directly represent the books themes and ideas.,Question and Answer,Is there a difference between Ralph and Simon in their goodness ?,The two boys are motivated toward goodness by different sources. For Simon, goodness is not a restraint forces upon him by civilization. Inste