1、gate school 定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí) name: 一、 定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句； 被定語(yǔ)從句 所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。如：1) the man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) you must do everything that i do. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞：關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格who, 所有格whose) 關(guān)系副詞where, when、why關(guān)系詞的作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 2、代替先行詞 3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則

2、放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語(yǔ)。 二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2)yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) the man who/whom you met just no

3、w is my friend.3. which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ)) (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ))4. that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。 (1) the people that/who come to visit the city are all her

4、e. (在句子中做主語(yǔ)) (2) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ))5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ) (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=the classroom the door of whi

5、ch is broken will soon be repaired.do you like the book whose color is yellow?=do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that 用法(1)不用that的情況 (a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。 (錯(cuò))the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介詞后不能用。 we depend on the land from which we get our food. we

6、 depend on the land that/which we get our food from. (2) 只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況 (a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。 (b) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。 (c) 先行詞有the only, the very, the same, the last, just修飾時(shí)，只用that。 (d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that,不能用which。. (e) 先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。

7、 (f) 先行詞指物，在主句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí) (g) 為了避免重復(fù) (h)先行詞是the way或the reason時(shí)，that可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略 (i) 主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who /which時(shí) e.g. is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？ who that break the window should be punished 誰(shuí)打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰 all that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油問(wèn)題。 finally, the thief han

8、ded everything that he had stolen to the police. 那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。 三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語(yǔ) 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) 1. where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。 (1) shanghai is the city where i was born. (2) the house where

9、i lived ten y ears ago has been pulled down. 2. when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間。在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可做連接詞用 (1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school. (2) the time when we got together finally came.注表示時(shí)間“time一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞. by the time you arrived in london, we had stayed there for two weeks. 你

10、到達(dá)倫敦時(shí)，我們?cè)谀抢镆汛藘蓚€(gè)星期。 i still remember the first time i met her. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她。 each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 3. why指原因 在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ) (1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) i dont know the reason why h

11、e looks unhappy today. 注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換 (1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) from the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 注：1）介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。 2）that前不能有介詞。 3） 某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的介詞+關(guān)系詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞w

12、hen ,where和why 互換。 this is the house in which i lived two years ago. =this is the house where i lived two years ago. do you remember the day on which you joined our club? =do you remember the day when you joined our club? this is the reason why he came late. =this is the reason for which he came lat

13、e. 定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題一、請(qǐng)劃出定語(yǔ)從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞)1.check the ways you study for an english test. 2.another thing that i found very difficult was english grammar. 3.you couldnt understand people who talked fast. 4.i have some ideas that may help. 5.they said something you didnt like. 6.can you think of any problems you ha

14、ve had recently?8.he would always take pride in everything good i do. 9.my friends and i talked about the rules that we have in school. 10.what are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12.if you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13.standing very close to the person you ar

15、e talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. if you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. all i ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.this is the man _ wants to see you. 2.the student _ answered the question is zhang hua.3.the man _ you

16、 went to see has come. 4.the man _i met yesterday lent me some money.5.the woman _ you saw is our geography teacher. 6.the runner _ you are asking about is over there.7.the person _you should write to is mr. ball. 8.the man _was passing by saw what happened.9.here is the pen _ you lost the day befor

17、e yesterday. 10.these books _ you lent me were very useful.11.the storybook _ i have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12.a clock is a machine _ tells people the time.13.this is shirt _i bought yesterday. 14.a dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.15.the book _ is on the table is

18、mine. 16.the film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17.i will never forget the people and the places _ i have ever visited. 18.is there anyone _ family is in beijing?19.show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 20.the boy_ father is a teacher is good at english.三、單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. your te

19、acher of chinese is a young lady_ comes from beijing. a. who b. which c. whom d. whose( ) 2. whats the name of the program_. a. which are listening b. you are listening to c. to that you are listening d. that you are listening( ) 3. the students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. a. in w

20、hich b. in that this c. all that d. in everything( ) 4. he was the only person in his office_ was invited. a. whom b. whose c. that d. which( ) 5. this is the museum_ we visited last year. a. where b. in which c. which d. in that( ) 6. charlie told his mother all_ had happened. a. that b. what c. wh

21、ich d. who( ) 7. do you know the student_? a. whom i often talk b. with who i often talk c. i often talk with d. that i often talk( ) 8. i like the house_ windows face south. a. whose b. whos c. its d. its( ) 9. would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? a. what i need b.i need c. which i need

22、 it d. that i need it( )10. the young woman_ i spoke just now is a young doctor. a. who b. to whom c. whom d. that練習(xí)答案：一、注：（劃了線的是定語(yǔ)從句） 方框里的詞是先行詞 1. check the ways you study for an english test. （2. another thing that i found very difficult was english grammar. 3. you couldnt understand people who ta

23、lked fast. 4. i have some ideas that may help. 5. they said something you didnt like. 6. can you think of any problems you have had recently?8. he would always take pride in everything good i do. 9. my friends and i talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. what are some of the rules that a

24、 teenager should obey?12. if you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. if you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. all i ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that

25、、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1. this is the man _that who _ wants to see you.2. the student _ that who _ answered the question is zhang hua.3. the man _ that who _ you went to see has come.4. the man _ that who _whom_i met yesterday lent me some money.5. the woman _ that who whom_ you saw is our geography teacher. 6. the runner _ that who whom_ you are asking about is over there.7. the person _ that who whom_ you should