1、Unit 7Sentence句子句子 I. Grammar Learning II. Grammar Practice Grammar LearningIntroduction of SentencesSentence Types and StructuresExamples1. Introduction of Sentences Sentences are basic grammatical units, and basic language units that people use to communicate. If English is regarded as a society,

2、a sentence is a family in the society. A complete sentence is basically composed of a subject and a predicate. And subject is formed by a noun phrase, and predicate by a verb phrase, which is formulated as S=NP+VP. Sentences, based on their functions, can be divided into major syntactic classes: sta

3、tements, questions, commands and exclamations, which are also called declarative, interrogative, imperative and exclamatory sentences, while sentences, grammatically, fall into the following types: simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences and compound-complex sentences. A spoken sente

4、nce mainly has two tones, a rising tone and a falling tone, and a written sentence must begin with a capitalized letter, and end with a full stop, question mark or exclamatory mark. 2Sentence Types and StructuresSentences Based on Functions陳說句statement疑問句question祈使句command感慨句exclamationSentence Base

5、d on Structures簡單句Simple Sentence并列句Compound Sentence復(fù)合句Complex Sentence并列復(fù)合句Compound-complex SentenceBasic Sentence Types主語+謂語 (SV)主語+系動詞+表語 (SVC)主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(SVO) (A)主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語+狀語(SVOO) (A)主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語+狀語SVOC) (A)3. Examples3.1句子成分句子成分The headquarters moved to the new building in 2019. I was

6、 33 and divorced and had three kids under age 7.We have reached the agreement. We believe this to be the most effective method of doing business.Confidence is an important factor of success.We guarantee prompt delivery of goods.She first sold the mop at flea markets. 3.2句子的種類句子的種類根據(jù)功能劃分根據(jù)功能劃分We acce

7、pt your offer.What lovely weather (it is)!Do be careful.Whats your price?根據(jù)構(gòu)造劃分根據(jù)構(gòu)造劃分I found the brochure very informative.Give him an inch and hell take a mile.The water in the river rises when the continuous heavy rain pours down.Their house was broken into and some valuable paintings were stolen

8、while they were on holiday.Grammar PracticeCase StudySample 1Sample 2Sample 3Sample 1A) Ladies and gentlemen, Attention, please. (1) _ Bill Clinton from Stanford University of the USA (2) _ about Modern Methods of English Teaching (3) _ at 3:00 p.m. on Friday, (4) _. All the teachers and (5) _ on ti

9、me. And if possible, (6)_about language learning (7) _ before the lecture.Visiting Professorwill give a lecturein the 6th hall of Building No. 6Jan. 28, 2019the students of the Foreign Language Department should be there some questionshad better be preparedSample 1A)女士們、先生們：請留意。2019年，元月28日，星期五3點(diǎn)鐘在六號

10、教學(xué)樓6樓將有一個(gè)演講。演講者是來自美國斯坦福大學(xué)的客座教授比爾克林頓。他演講的主題為現(xiàn)代英語教學(xué)法。一切外語系的教師和學(xué)生都要參與。能夠的話，在演講前預(yù)備一些言語教學(xué)的問題。Sample 1B) Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? To help students learn more about British Literature, (1) _ from the Kings College London of University of London (2) _ on Friday, April 26. Pro

11、fessor Brown will talk about (3) _ British Literature. The lecture begins (4) _. Any literature lover is welcome to attend the lecture. And (5) _, you can ask any question after the lecture and Professor Brown will give you some good advice on (6) _ literature. Please be on time.we have invited Prof

12、essor John Brownto give us a lectureModernat 2:30 pm in Room 205 of the Library Buildingif necessaryhow to appreciateSample 1B) 女士們、先生們： 請留意。為了協(xié)助學(xué)生更多地了解英國文學(xué)，我們約請到倫敦大學(xué)國王學(xué)院教授約翰布朗給我們做一個(gè)講座。布朗教授將給我們談現(xiàn)代英語文學(xué)。演講的時(shí)間定于四月二十六日，星期五下午二點(diǎn)三非常，地點(diǎn)定在圖書館大樓堂館205室。歡迎文學(xué)喜好者光臨講座。假設(shè)有必要，在講座終了后，他可以向教授討教一些問題。他會給他們提出一些欣賞文學(xué)的好建議。Sa

13、mple 2 We are arranging for a bus tour to Tsinghua University thisFriday, June 1. The bus will depart from the hotel shortly after breakfast andwill return around 5:00, in time for dinner at the hotel. Lunch will be served at the Jiangnan Restaurant in TsinghuaUniversity. There will be quick stop at

14、 Haidian Free Market for shopping. If you would like to join us, please write down your name andyour mobile phone number on the sheet or tell Mr. Wang at the Front Desk.Sample 2 我們正在安排一次清華大學(xué)巴士觀光行程。時(shí)間定在本周五，即六月一日。巴士將在酒店等候大家。早餐終了立刻出發(fā)。下午五點(diǎn)前往酒店享用晚餐。午餐在清華大學(xué)江南餐廳享用。在海淀自在市場有一個(gè)短暫的停留，大家可下車購物。假設(shè)他想?yún)⑴c此次觀光，請到酒店前臺把

15、他的名字和號碼填寫在表里或通知王先生。Sample 3Notice Dear Sirs, We have the honor to inform you that owing to a large increase in the volume of our trade with the north of Europe, we have decided for the convenience of our customers to open a new branch in Liverpool. And we have appointed Mr. A. F. the manager. We tru

16、st that you will continue to favor us with your orders, which at all time, shall have our best attention. The requirements of the new branch being supplied from our own warehouses, you will be served with regard to both quality and price as formerly. Yours sincerely World Trade Company April 18, 201

17、9Sample 3簡單句簡單句And we have appointed Mr. A. F. the manager. S V O C并列句并列句The requirements of the new branch are supplied from our own warehouses S V A and you will be served with regard to both quality and price as formerly S. V A復(fù)合句復(fù)合句1We have the honor to inform you that owing to a large increase

18、in the volume of our S V O N.C.trade with the north of Europe, we have decided for the convenience of our customers to open a new branch in Liverpool.2We trust that you will continue to favor us with your orders, which at all time, shall S V N.C. Attributive. Chave our best attention.Sample 3通知通知 親愛

19、的先生們，親愛的先生們， 我們很榮幸地通知您，由于我們在北歐的貿(mào)易量的上我們很榮幸地通知您，由于我們在北歐的貿(mào)易量的上升，為方便顧客，我們決議在利物浦開一個(gè)新的子公司。升，為方便顧客，我們決議在利物浦開一個(gè)新的子公司。我們?nèi)蚊覀內(nèi)蚊麬. F.先生為該公司經(jīng)理。先生為該公司經(jīng)理。 我們置信，您將一如既往對我公司繼續(xù)照顧，我們隨我們置信，您將一如既往對我公司繼續(xù)照顧，我們隨時(shí)都愿盡最正確效力。時(shí)都愿盡最正確效力。 分店的商品分店的商品,均由本店倉庫提供均由本店倉庫提供,質(zhì)量與價(jià)錢維持不變。質(zhì)量與價(jià)錢維持不變。 真誠的真誠的 世界貿(mào)易公司世界貿(mào)易公司 2019年年4月月18日日Task 1A)No

20、tice Giving Holidays Tomorrow will be National Day. There will be no classes. Teachers and students are welcome to the celebration. It is to be held on the sports ground at 6:30 p. m. tomorrow evening. All classes will be resumed on the 8th. Wu Min Secretary 把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列句：把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列句： 把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)復(fù)合

21、句：把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)復(fù)合句： 把兩個(gè)簡單句合成另一個(gè)簡單句：把兩個(gè)簡單句合成另一個(gè)簡單句：Tomorrow will be National Day and there will be no classes.Teachers and students are welcome to the celebration which is to be held on the sports ground at 6:30 p. m. tomorrow evening.Teachers and students are welcome to the celebration to be held on th

22、e sports ground at 6:30 p. m. tomorrow evening.Task 1A)放假通知放假通知 明天是國慶節(jié)，全校放假。明天晚上明天是國慶節(jié)，全校放假。明天晚上六點(diǎn)三非常歡迎教師和學(xué)生到運(yùn)動場參與六點(diǎn)三非常歡迎教師和學(xué)生到運(yùn)動場參與慶賀活動。慶賀活動。8號恢復(fù)上課。號恢復(fù)上課。 吳敏吳敏 辦公室秘書辦公室秘書Task 1B)Lay-off Notice The recent orders to our company have declined dramatically. As a result, we have to lay off 65% of the wo

23、rkers for the future development of our company. After todays work, please go to the Accounts to pick up your pay. Then we have some bonus for all of you. We are quite sorry that we lay you off at this time. Thank you for your efforts to our company all along. You are good staffs. You can have a bet

24、ter future in other places. We are sure of this. Linda Chen 把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列句把兩個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列句: 把帶賓語從句的復(fù)合句變成簡單句把帶賓語從句的復(fù)合句變成簡單句: 把三個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句把三個(gè)簡單句合成一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句:After todays work, please go to the Accounts to pick up your pay, and then we have some bonus for all of you.We are quite sorry to lay you off at thi

25、s time.You are good staffs and we are sure that you can have a better future in other places.Task 1B)裁員通知裁員通知 不知何故，我們公司近期的訂單銳減。由此，從本公不知何故，我們公司近期的訂單銳減。由此，從本公司未來開展的角度思索，我們不得不解雇司未來開展的角度思索，我們不得不解雇65%的職工。的職工。 下班后，請他們到財(cái)會處領(lǐng)他們的工資，然后我們還下班后，請他們到財(cái)會處領(lǐng)他們的工資，然后我們還給大家發(fā)一些獎金。給大家發(fā)一些獎金。 我們?yōu)榇舜谓夤退麄兏械胶茇?fù)疚。謝謝他們我們?yōu)榇舜谓夤退麄兏械胶?/p>

26、負(fù)疚。謝謝他們 不斷以來對公司所做出的努力。他們是好員工。我們堅(jiān)信，不斷以來對公司所做出的努力。他們是好員工。我們堅(jiān)信，他們未來會在別的單位有更好的前程。他們未來會在別的單位有更好的前程。 琳達(dá)琳達(dá)陳陳 Task 2A OFFICE HOUR I am becoming increasingly concerned the punctuality of certain members of staff and would like to remind all staff of our office hours are from 9 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., morning a

27、nd afternoon breaks are 15 minutes each, the lunch break ends at 1:30 p.m. Please note that this time-table must be adhered to by all members of staff. (Signature) Mrs. Smith Office Manager 12 Jan. 2019Correct the mistakes in the following passagesTask 2A)OFFICE HOUR I am becoming increasingly conce

28、rned about the punctuality of certain members of staff and would like to remind all staff that our office hours are from 9 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., morning and afternoon breaks are 15 minutes each, and the lunch break ends at 1:30 p.m. Please note that this time-table must be adhered to by all members

29、of staff. (Signature) Mrs. Smith Office Manager 12 Jan. 2019Task 2A)辦公時(shí)間辦公時(shí)間 某些員工上班不守時(shí)已日益引起我的關(guān)注。某些員工上班不守時(shí)已日益引起我的關(guān)注。在此我想提示一切人員，我們的辦公時(shí)間是上午在此我想提示一切人員，我們的辦公時(shí)間是上午9點(diǎn)至下午點(diǎn)至下午4點(diǎn)半，上午各休憩點(diǎn)半，上午各休憩15分鐘，午餐時(shí)間分鐘，午餐時(shí)間到到1點(diǎn)半終了。點(diǎn)半終了。 請務(wù)必嚴(yán)厲尊守此時(shí)間表。請務(wù)必嚴(yán)厲尊守此時(shí)間表。 辦公室經(jīng)理辦公室經(jīng)理 史密斯太太史密斯太太 2019年元月年元月12日日Task 2BDONATION TO DISASTE

30、R AREA A recent strong earthquake hit Sichuan Province and has reduced the people of the disaster area to shortage of food and houses. Anyone at this company wishes to donate money or food to the needy is requested to send his or her donation to the office manager within three days. Mrs. Smith Offic

31、e ManagerTask 2B)DONATION TO DISASTER AREA A recent strong earthquake hit Sichuan Province and has reduced the people of the disaster area to shortage of food and houses. Whoever at this company wishes to donate money or food to the needy is requested to send his or her donation to the office manage

32、r within three days. Mrs. Smith Office ManagerTask 2 B)向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)募捐通知向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)募捐通知 最近四川省遭遇了一場劇烈的地震，最近四川省遭遇了一場劇烈的地震，呵斥災(zāi)區(qū)的老百姓食物和住房短缺。本公呵斥災(zāi)區(qū)的老百姓食物和住房短缺。本公司有意向?yàn)?zāi)民捐款捐食物的員工請?jiān)谌焖居幸庀驗(yàn)?zāi)民捐款捐食物的員工請?jiān)谌靸?nèi)把他的募捐送到公司辦公室。內(nèi)把他的募捐送到公司辦公室。 辦公室經(jīng)理辦公室經(jīng)理 史密斯太太史密斯太太Task 3English Speech ContestDecember 20, 2019 1)_(學(xué)生學(xué)生會定于會定于12月月28日星期六舉行英日星期六舉行英語演講競賽語演講競賽). 2) _(凡愿參與者凡愿參與者)please sign up with monitors before Wednesday, Dec. 25. 3)_(有四位教授應(yīng)邀擔(dān)有四位教授應(yīng)邀擔(dān)任裁判任裁判). The first five winners will be recommended to take pa