1、啟用前2017 年管理類專業(yè)入學(xué)學(xué)位聯(lián)考公益?？加⒄Z試卷考生須知1考生必須嚴(yán)格遵守各項(xiàng)考場(chǎng)規(guī)則。2答題前，考生將答題卡上的“”、“考生”等信息填寫清楚，并與準(zhǔn)考證上的一致。3選擇題的上的須用 2B 鉛筆填涂在答題卡上，其它筆填涂的或做在試卷或其它類型答題卡無效。4非選擇題一律用藍(lán)色或黑色簽字筆在答題紙上按規(guī)定要求作答，凡做在試卷上或未做在指定位置的無效。5交卷時(shí)，請(qǐng)配合監(jiān)考驗(yàn)收，并請(qǐng)監(jiān)考在準(zhǔn)考證相應(yīng)位置簽字（作為考生交卷的憑據(jù)）。否則，所產(chǎn)生的一切由考生自負(fù)。：聽課證號(hào)：太奇 2017 年管理類專業(yè)學(xué)位聯(lián)考英語（二）Section IUse of EnglishDirections: Read

2、 the following text. For each numbered bl there are four choi marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET . (10 po s)Culture is an important part of our life. It should be transmitted, and the most effective way isthrough the family. Parents teach their children th

3、e ideas and traditionst they 1 from theirown parents. For this reason the 2 became increasingly important; the practical applicationsof cultural tradition, such asting for food, 3 children and tending the sick, may havebeen the obvious methods to use when moren one family came together in a joactivi

4、ty.Famis provide friends, people who can be trusted, and trust can be 4 through ermarriage. Thus whole societies come to be formed, in which the relationships betn kin act5 guidelines for daily behavior and establish important sol values. Sometimes traditionalways evene 6o laws. The original reasons

5、 may be lost, but a pros is 7. Thesociety survives where others fail 8 its members behavior is controlled for the benefit of all 9 laws, customs, and traditional befs.Furthermore, in cultural traditions 10 from generation to generation, humans have akind of cultural capital on which to draw. By 11 a

6、ccount of past wisdom we can looko thefuture and plan for eventst are not always 12. The factt we make 13 repeatedlyto a standard pattern, and use them to make other tools, 14 us clearly from other animals. It indicates cultural factors at work 15 instinct. A sea otter may learn to break s fish open

7、 with rocks, but it will not 16 to change an unsatisfactory stone. The difference 17 theer of the human brain not only to 18 the outside world, to see and react to it, but also toconceive of what it might be.t isto 19 a world unseen and unknown, and to foreseesibilities within it. Imagination enable

8、s us to 20 our own world.C producedC firmC bringing forwardC reinforcedC withC categorizedC establishedC thoughC inA obtainedA familyA bringing inA weakenedA asA civilizedA recordedA asA forB askedB societyB bringing upB supportedB fromB formalizedB foundB soB by-1-D requiredD schoolD bringing outD

9、emergedD likeD centralizedD turnedD butD from（共 11 頁）A passedA makingA convenientA toolsA seesA yetA attemptA holds upA perceiveB comeB givingC movedC takingC availableC foodsC distinguishesD deliveredD kengBsibleD predictableD productsD identifies DD struggleD contributes toD observeD guessD design

10、B equipmentsB differsB besidesB experimentCnC striveC rests withC senseC imagineC inventBs inB realizeB dreamB create19. A ame20. A makeSectioPart AReading ComprehenDirections: Read the following passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER

11、SHEET. (40 pos)Text 1Researchers have foundt boys and girls really are from two different planets. Boys andgirls have different “crisis pos,” experts say, stagesheir emotional and sol developmentwhere things canery wrong. Until recently, girls got all the attention. But boys are muorelikelyn girls t

12、o have discipline problems at school and to be diagnosed wittention DeficitDisorder (ADD). Boys far outnumber girls in specommit violent crimes and end up in jail.l-education classes. Theyre also more likely toEven normal boy behavior has come to be considered pathological(的） he wake of thefeminist

13、movement. An abundance of physical energy and the urge to conquerthese are normal male characteristics, and in an ear r age they were good things, even essential to survival. “If Huck Finn or Tom Sawyer were alive today,” says Michael Gurian, author of The Wonder of Boys, “wed say they had ADD.” He

14、says one of the new insights were gaining about boys is a very old one: boys will be boys. “They are who they are,” says Gurian, “and we need to love them for who they are. Lets not try to rewire them.”But what exactly is the essential nature of boys? Even as infants, boys and girls behavedifferentl

15、y. A recent study has foundt boy babies are more emotionally expressive; girls aremore reflective. (t means boy babies tend to cry when theyre unhappy; girl babieck theirthumbs.) This could indicatet girls are instinctively more able to control their emotions. Boyshave higher levels of testosterone(

16、素) and lower levels of neurotransmitter serotonin(神經(jīng)遞-2-（共 11 頁）質(zhì)素), which inhabits aggresand impulsivity.t may help explain why more malesnfemales carry through with suicide ore alcoholics.Theres strugglea desire and need for warmth on one hand and a pull toward independenceon the other. Boys are g

17、oing through what psychologists long ago declared anegral part ofgrowing up: individualization and disconnection from parents, espelly mothers. But now someresearchers thinkt pros is too abrupt. When boys repreormal feelings like love because ofsol prere, says Williollack, head of the Center for Men

18、 attons McLean Hospital,“theyve lost contact with tuine nature of whom they are and what they feel. Boys are in asilent crisis. The only time we notice it is when they pull the trigger.”21. Which of the following is NOT true according to theA. Boys and girls are different.paragraph?B. Boys need more

19、 attentionn girls.C. Girls almost need no help from society.D. Boys are more difficult to educaten girls.22. What can be inferred about Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn (Para. 2)?A. They were more like todays girlsn boys.B. They suffered Attention Deficit Disorder but were not diagnosed.C. They were energet

20、ic and conquering.D. They had more problemsn todays boy.The word “rewire” (Para. 2 ) could best be replaced by .restore to a former conditionrecognize the worth ofaddress the problems ofchange the nature of24. Which aspect of boy-girl differendoes paragraph 3 discuss?C. CulturalA. PhysiologicalB. Sp

21、iritualD.ellectual25. It is impdhe passaget .society approves of boys who have tender feelingssociety expects boys to be independentC. boys take more time to grow upn girlsD. boys and girls cways receive similar treatmentText 2s been illegal for any business to discriminate against disabled people,S

22、ince October 1, ieither during the recruitment pros or at work, and disability rightsners saytemployers must make better use of new technology to help them fulfill their new obligations.-3-（共 11 頁）Amendments to the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) require all businesses, not just thosewith moren

23、15 employees as previously, to make “reasonable adjustments” to workplatomodate the disabled. Such adjustments include buying new equipment or modifying existingsystems sot disabled people can use them.But many employers fail to investigate potentially useful changes or upgrades to systems.They also

24、 fail to claim generous Acs to Work grants from theernment, designed to cover thecost of adapting or re-equipa workplace, extra training or hiring human assistants like signlanguagereters.Ruth Loebl, a senior ICT development officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind,says: “The technology

25、 is there and the funding is there. But many employers and employees dontknow whats available. Its patchy (迷茫的) across the country.” Acs to Work grants can coverup to 100 percent of the cost of new or adapted equipment, says Ms. Loebl. “You shouldnve topay any more to employ a blind.”Lynne Nelson, e

26、mployment coordinator for the Royal National Institute for the Deaf agrees.“Technology is very much underused. Employers are not aware of whats available and theyremore reactiven proactive.”Complying with the act could be as easy as rearranging an offiot the light is better for adeafto lip-read. At

27、the other end of the scale, it could mean investing in a cutting edgemessaging system which combines computers and phones, converting text messageso voicemessages for blind or partially sighted employees and incorporating voice recognition software forpeople unable to use a conventional keyboard and

28、 mouse.Changing font sizes and shs and using different background colors cl help to makecomputer screen displays more legible and acsible for visually impaired users. Screen magnifierprograms are available to enlarge text. Screen reader software will read out the content ofboxes or websites. Commerl

29、 websites now incorporate tags, phrases or sentenwhich describeimages on sites to blind and partially sighted users through screen readers. But some sites still carryimages described simply as “corporaogo” or “image”. A survey earr this year foundt 81percent of websites were inacsible or difficult t

30、o use, often because of badly worded tags orbecause the software was blocking attempts to change fonts or colors.26. From the beginning of the text, we learnt.A. there will be no discrimination against disabled people after Oct. 1B. the employers must assist thoseners to complete their dutiesC. prev

31、ious Dnly had restrictions on companies with moren 15 peopleD. the companies have to prepare new equipment for their disabled employees27. It can be inferred from the textt many employers.A. modify their existing systems to make the disabled feel comfortable.-4-（共 11 頁）B. know little about whats the

32、 real meaning oC. have to cover the total costs of new anAs amendments.pted equipment.D. make full use of technology and funding they confront with.28. The adjustments employers can make for the disabled people may not include .A. making the office light brighter for the deaf to lip-readB. using a v

33、oice recognition system tol them useful informationC. using screen readers tol themephone numbersD. running officeephones via a conventional exchange29. The attitude of many employers toward DDA amendments is .A.itiveB. negativee of the text is to .C. sensitiveD. hopeful30. The main purA. call on th

34、e employers to enable the disabled employeesB.roduome useful equipment for those disabled staffC. criticize those who dont do anything for their disabled employeesD. suggest the employers to make advantage of various technologiesText 3The U.S. is the only rich country without universal health-insura

35、nce. Peoplehe U.S. spendthe most, rely heavily on the private sector, and obtain care from the worlds most complicateddelivery system. While some supporters have expressed satisfaction, if not pride, in theseremarkable qualities, others arguet the U.S. faunique limiions in reforming health care.In h

36、er book, Parting at the Crossroads, Antonia Maioni compares the formation of the U.S. and Canadian health-care systems for the years 1930-1960. The U.S. and Canada are oftenconsidered the most similar of Western democracies. They share a common border, are wealthy,and have federalernment. Their trad

37、e unions are only moderayerful, and theirpopulations are diverse and young. Nevertheless, their health-insuranystems are nearly opite.The U.S. res on a mix ofemployment-based plans, which theernment plans,ed to the elderly and indigent, andernment indirectly supports. Canaffers public healthinsuranc

38、e to all qualified residents, with the private sector providing supplementary serviinsome provinLabor Their impact.anizations became strong advocates for health-insurance reform in both countries. partially depended on political institutions and how other actors, particularlyanized medicine, wielded

39、 them. Canadasernmental and electoral systems allowed labor tocooperate with a sol democratic party in the Saskatchewan province, which established auniversal program. The Saskatchewan program demonstrated universal insurance feasibility,spurring the dominant Liberals toroduce a national universal p

40、rogram. In contrast, the U.S.-5-（共 11 頁）electoral system effectively precluded third party formation, forcinganized labor to dilute (淡化)its health-insurance goals because it was one of manyParty.erests represented by the DemocraticMaioni suggestst economic vitality is important for the future of bot

41、h countries systems,but the prediction is uncertain. Despite recent concerns about the Canadianernmentsbudgetary health, Maioni contendst widespread support protects universal insurance.Conversely, Maioni seems pessimistic about options for U.S. universal health-insurance. Despiteeconomic buoyancy(恢

42、復(fù)能力), dissenwill likely prevent reforms. Although a devasingeconomic downturn would make health finance difficult in either country, the U.S. system seemsespeattally vulnerable. Employment-based insurance and Medicare both rely on labor marketent. High, chronic unemployment could result in coverage

43、loss and finanl difficulties foremployer insurance and Medicare, swelling the uninsured pool. Such a crisis could provide anopening for universal health insurance. In any case, whether the United Ses res on the publicor private sector, rising health expenditures figureo budget ofernment, corporation

44、s, andfamis, the U.S. health care systems future may depend on Americans willingness to devotemore of their nationale to health care.31. From theparagraph we learnt the United Ses .has a health-insurance policy similar to those of other rich countrieshas complicated its health-insurance policy and c

45、onfused its peoplehas reformed its health-care to their average peoples satisfactioncarries out a diverse health-insurance policy from other Western countries32. Canadian health care systems are different from those of the U.S.hat.A. the federalernment is directly responsible for every qualified res

46、identB. private sectors in Canada play a more important roleC. theernment indirectly supports the employment-based plansD. the trade unions in both countries are moderayerful33. The vulnerability of the U.S. insuranystemss in.A. its failure to extend its coverage to the poor and elderlyB. its exsive

47、 dependence on the labor marketC. Americans willingness to buy insuranceD. the willingness of theernment to investhem34. The Saskatchewan program in Canada showst.A. the labor union can play aitive role in health insurance reformB. universal health insurance is practicable for the federalernmentC. i

48、t can coordinate the efforts of theernment and the labor unionD. the electoral system has a direct impact on the insurance plan-6-（共 11 頁）35. The text is most likely to be.A. a summary of aernment-sponsored programB. a survey of the influence of economic policiesC. a review of a book on health-care

49、system studyD. a commentary on the difference betn the U.S. and CanadaText 4-7-（共 11 頁）“What is truth?” t was Pontius Pilates answer to Jesuss assertion t “everyone t is of the truth heareth my voice.” It sound spiciously like the modern argument over climate change.A majority of the worlds climate

50、scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of amateurs, some of whom have political er, t the Earths climate is changing; t the change, from humanitys po of view, is for the worse; and t the cause is human activity, he form of ex sive emis s of greenhouse gase ch as carbon dioxide. A minor

51、ity, though, are skeptical. Some think t recent, well-grounded data suggesting the Earths average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and t this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue t longer-term evidence t modern temperatures are higher n they have b

52、een for dreds or thousands of years i ually too exotic to be meaningful.Such disagreements are commonplace in science. They are eventually settled by the collection of more data and the invention of more refined theories. Arguments may persist for decades; academics mayand often dothrow insults at e

53、ach other; but it does not matter a great deal because the stakes are normally rather low.The stakes in the global-warming debate, however, could scarcely be higher. Scientific evidencet climate change is under way, is man-made, and is likely to continue happening forms the foundation for a policy w

54、hich isended to transform the worlds carbon-ensive economy ohich no longer emits greenhouse gaseso the atmosphere. A lot of money, and manyrepu ionsbo cademic and politicalare involved.Skeptics claim t this burden of responsibility is crushing the spirit of scientific inquiry. Scientists, they hold,

55、 are under pre re to support the majority view. The recent publication of embarrassings from the University of East Anglia, an important centre of climate science, revealing doubts about data and a determination not to air such concerns publicly, has strengthened these suspicions.There is no doubt t

56、 politics and science makefortable bedfellows. Politi ns sell certa y. Science lives off doubt. The creation of the er ernmental Panel on Climate Change to establish a consensus on the science was an excellent idea for policymakers, who needed a strong scientific foundation for their deliberations,

57、but it sitsfortably wi discipline tadvan by disproving accepted theories and overturning orthodoxies(正統(tǒng)說法).Part BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the leftcolumnt corresponds to each of the marked details givenhe right column. Thereare two extra

58、 choiSHEET. (10 pos)in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWERIn the year of 1784, five years before he becameof the United Ses, GeeWashington, 52 years old, was nearly toothless. Therefore, he hired a dentist to transplant nine teetho his jawhaving extracted them from the mouths of his sl

59、aves.t is a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopGeet most people rememberfrom their history books. But in recent years, many historians have begun to focus on the roletslavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 19

60、98, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered atleast one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars-8-（共 11 頁）The dialogue is usedhe beginning to .roduce the current topicanswer the famous questionemphasize Jesus remarkimie modern scientistsA