1、Reading and Thinking-Language Points基礎(chǔ)自測自主學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)自測自主學(xué)習(xí)落實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識I .重點(diǎn)單詞iconic 力,符號的:圖標(biāo)的foundation n.創(chuàng)立；基礎(chǔ)；地基political adj,政治的entitle ”給命名（或題名）；使享有權(quán)利joint n,公共場所（尤指價格低廉的飲食和娛樂場所）；關(guān)節(jié)。打聯(lián)合的；共同的premier 4力.最著名的；第一的；首要的.總理；首相herb n.藥草；香草；草本hollow4曲,中空的;空心的straightforward.坦率的;簡單的sponsor”.建議:贊助；主辦?。ǚò傅鹊模┙ㄗh者；贊助者loca

2、ted。力.位于f locate ”.找出的位置；把設(shè)置（在）；使坐落（于）dive況.&九潛水;跳水；俯沖fdiver潛水者；跳水運(yùn)發(fā)動freedom n.自由；不受影響的狀態(tài)f 而。少免費(fèi)的；自由的，不受約束的”,使自 由，解放；釋放vibrate .&式.（使）振動f vibrationn.振動liberty n.自由f liberate .解放;釋放-liberation .釋放， 解放 掌握規(guī)律巧記單詞free（c.免費(fèi)的；自由的，不受約束的”使自由，解放；釋放）+ -dom（表名詞， 狀態(tài)或領(lǐng)域）一freedom機(jī)自由；不受影響的狀態(tài)例如：wise a切.智慧的f wisdom .

3、智慧king 國王f kingdom .王國n.核心短語do some research 做研究be located to坐落于, 位于refer to提至U,指的是such as 例如can t wait t。do sth.迫不及待地做某事另一方面7ad to導(dǎo)致;通向be native to原產(chǎn)于；源于的be in contact with總艮有聯(lián)系，和接觸play apart in參與;起作用；扮演角色HL經(jīng)典句式it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)真正的主語從句It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were eit

4、her born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.據(jù)說，現(xiàn)在近一半的澳大利亞公民要么是在海外出生的，要么父母是在海外出生的。what引導(dǎo)主語從句Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.就我個人而言，我最喜歡的是澳大利亞人?；犹骄?探究重點(diǎn)互動撞擊思維;N重點(diǎn)詞匯D LflOLted to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the glo

5、be, it s often informally referred to as “down underw .它位于赤道以南，并在地球上許多其他國家的下方，通常被非正式地稱為“down under”。located .處于，位于；坐落的Xbe located in/on/at 位于； 坐落于Xlocate ”,找出的位置；把設(shè)置（在）；使坐落（于）(l)The company located its branch office in the suburbs.這家公司在郊【X設(shè)立了 辦事處。(2)One of the world s largest art galleries, the Louv

6、re, is located(locate) in Paris.作為世界上最大的藝術(shù)博物館之一的盧浮宮坐落在巴黎。(3)Located(locate) at the west end of Singapore, the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around.這座公園位于新加坡的西端，有很大的空間供游客漫步。(4)Mark Twain was four years old when his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, located(locate) on the west bank of

7、the Mississippi.馬克吐溫四歲時，全家搬到了位于密西西比河西岸的密蘇里州的漢尼拔。Were here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines,Australia.We我們在這里學(xué)習(xí)澳大利亞土著居民的生活和習(xí)俗。be native to 原產(chǎn)于; 源于的native q力.本國的；本地的.本地人；本國人native-born adj.土著的； 土生土長的one s native country/land/language 某人的祖國/故鄉(xiāng)/母語be a native of出生于某地的人；原產(chǎn)于某地的動物或植物(1

8、)The kangaroo is a native of Australia. 袋鼠是產(chǎn)于澳大利亞的動物。(2)The researcher says the tiger is native to India. 研究人員說這種虎原產(chǎn)于印度。(3)Is her uncle a native of Shanghai, or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，還是只是一名游客？They have a straight扭rward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and theirfriendliness and warmth made

9、 me feel at home wherever I went.他們對生活有一種直率、灑脫的態(tài)度，無論我走到哪里，他們的友好和溫暖都讓我感到賓 至如歸。straightforward.坦率的；簡單的(1 )The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts.(2019全國 I )研究人員說，鍵盤應(yīng)該很容易商業(yè)化，主要由廉價的塑料類部件制成。(2)In order

10、to be understood, you d better write it in straightforward language. 為了讓人能明白你的意思，你最好用淺顯易懂的文字寫。(3)Speer made the most straightforward impression of all the students. 在所有這些學(xué)生中，斯佩爾給人以最直率的印象。Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities, including dicing, kayaking, and rockclimbing.到海灘的游客可以享受許多活動，包括

11、潛水、皮劃艇和攀巖。dive vi.& n.潛水;跳水；(飛機(jī)或鳥)俯沖,奔，撲;突然下降，暴跌；迅速將手伸入K一詞多義I 寫出以下句子中dive的漢語意思(1 )The seagulls soared and then dived.俯沖(2)We dived into the river to cool off.跳水The goalie dived for the ball, but missed it.沖， 奔， 撲(4)The share price dived from 49p to an all-time low of 40P.突然下降，暴跌Xdive into投入；鉆研；把手伸入X

12、diver兒潛水者；跳水運(yùn)發(fā)動(5)She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins. 她立即將手伸進(jìn)包里拿出幾枚硬幣。Unfortunately, elephants are endangered in Thailand, but special parks have been set upto protect their safety and frefidfO.不幸的是，泰國的大象正瀕臨滅絕，但為了保護(hù)它們的平安和自由，人們建立了專門的公園。Xfreedom.自由；不受影響的狀態(tài)freedom of expression言論自由；表

13、達(dá)自由freedom of speech 言論自由freedom from 免于代ee adj免費(fèi)的;自由的，不受約束的”.使自由，解放；釋放 (1 )That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.(2019全國 II) 選擇自由是越來越多的人喜歡單獨(dú)吃飯的原因之一。(2)Lately, his painting has shown a new freedom of expression. 最近，他的繪畫展示出一種新的自由表現(xiàn)形式。(3)Thanks to the automobile, Americans

14、 soon had a freedom of movement previously unknown. 由于有了汽車，美國人很快就獲得了前所未有的行動自由。Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor anelephant to preserve its health and liberty.游客們可以在自然環(huán)境中看到這些神奇的動物，還可以認(rèn)養(yǎng)（贊助）一頭大象來保護(hù)它的健康 和自由。liberty n.自由；許可Xtake the liberty of doing sth.冒

15、昧地做某事Xliberate 解放；釋放；冒失Xliberation機(jī)釋放，解放Xliberalism ,自由主義；開明的思想或見解(l)The bird flew from the cage and got liberty.這只鳥飛出了鳥籠得到了自由。(2)There was no schools in the village before liberation(liberate).解放前村里沒有學(xué)校。(3)We take the liberty of writing to you with a view of building up business relations with your

16、 company.我們冒昧地寫信以期和貴公司建立貿(mào)易關(guān)系。K 易混辨析3 freedom, libertyfreedom和liberty都含“自由”的意思,區(qū)別如下:Xfreedom系常用詞，指“沒有強(qiáng)制、壓迫且能充分按自己意志行事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“個人的自由”； Xliberty在表示民族、國家爭取或獲得自由時，可與freedom互換，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)“從過去所受 的壓制或束縛中解放出來”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“集體的自由”。經(jīng)典句式Blnow nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or haveparents who were b

17、orn overseas.據(jù)說，現(xiàn)在近一半的澳大利亞公民要么是在海外出生的，要么父母是在海外出生的。It is said that據(jù)說。在此句型中it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的句子是真正的主語。常用于 這種結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：strange, certain, important, possible, natural, surprising, interesting, likely, unusual 等。注意：在英語中，形式主語或形式賓語只能用it,不能用this, that或其他代詞。(l)It is said that Peter will have a chance to travel ab

18、road next month. 據(jù)說彼得下個月將有機(jī)會出國旅行。(2)It was strange that he didn t come yesterday. 很奇怪，他昨天沒來。(3)It is important that we should set a good plan. 我們制定一個好的計(jì)劃非常重要。(4)h was obvious that the film The Wandering Earth was a great success in 2019.很顯然，電影流浪地球在2019年取得了很大的成功。(5)毫無疑問，他會出席明天的會議。There is no doubt th

19、at he will be present at the meeting tomorrow.(doubt)It is certain hat he will be present at the meeting tomorrow.(certain)Personally speaking,嵬haLUfemosLahmtAusmalia is the people themselves.就我個人而言，我最喜歡的是澳大利亞人。本句中what引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作賓語。what是連接代詞，引導(dǎo)的從句還可作賓語 或表語；what本身在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語。注意：that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句只起連接作用

20、，在從句中不作任何成分，無意義，在賓語從句中通常省略，但在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中均不能省略；what除引導(dǎo)從句外，還在 從句中作成分，意為“所的（東西）”，在含義上等于“名詞+that”。(l)What she offers to her fans is happiness.她帶給粉絲的是快樂。(2)It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.(2020全國 III)它也給人們一個去看看新房子的樣子的機(jī)會。(3)This is what my father has taught me-to alw

21、ays face difficulties and hope for the best.這就是我父親教給我的總是直面困難，并且抱最大的希望。達(dá)標(biāo)檢測 /當(dāng)堂檢測基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練 I.單句語法填空What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal.r m old enough to have the freedom(free) to do what I like.The ground shook and the cliffs seemed to vibrate(vibrate).Pat had earlier made a dive of 80 feet from the Chasm Brid