TextAnalysisStructurePartI:Para.1-2Abriefaccountoftheaircrashthatleadstothethesis–intheaircrash,humannaturerosetotheoccasion.

PartII:Para.3-4Theaccountgivenbythelivingheroesaboutwhathappenedandabout“themaninthewater”.PartIII:Para.5-6TheimaginedthoughtsandfeelingsofthemanontheplaneandinthewaterPartIV:Para.7-9Reflectionsonman’sroleinthe“classicsituation”.“Themaninthewater”representshumannatureatitsbest.

Aircrashesusuallyinvolve_________________.______________otheraircrashes,thisonewasnotthe______.Thisaircrashwasrememberedfor________________.Usual-hitabridgeat…h(huán)ightraffic-location

-aestheticclash-twoformsinnatureincollisionaheavylossoflivesComparedwithworstadifferentreasonTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWashington,thecityofformandrules,turnedchaoticbyablastofrealwinterandasingleslapofmetalonmetal.(para.1)

Thecityofformandrules:thecitythatisneatandbeautiful.(Washingtonwasthefirstcarefullyplannedcityintheworldwithparallelstreetscutbydiagonalavenues.Itsdesignwasconsideredamasterpiece.)Turnchaotic:becomechaotic;bethrownintoterribleconfusion.Ablastofrealwinter:asuddenstrongreallycoldwind.Slap:quickblowwithsomethingflat.在嚴冬里突如其來一陣強風中，鋼鐵機身猛烈撞擊到鋼鐵橋面，把這個布局合理、盡然有序城市搞得一片混亂。WashingtonD.C.,thecityofformandrules:

MetroMapWashingtonD.C.,thecityofformandrules:SightseeingMapAndtherewastheaestheticclashaswell—blueandgreenAirFlorida,thenameofaflyinggarden,sunkdownamonggraychunksoficeinablackriver.(Para.1)appositionTheclashwasalsoaclashofcolours,binationofcolourswhichgaveanartisticeffectonthehorriblescene,stressingwhatmettheeyeLastWednesdaytheelements,indifferentasever,broughtdownFlight90.Andonthatsameafternoonhumannature—gropingandstruggling—rosetotheoccasion.(Para.2)LastWednesday,______________,unconcernedabouttheconsequencesitmightbringaboutasalways,_____________________.

Onthatsameafternoon,humannature,gropingforthe____________andstrugglinginthe__________,cametoproveits__________displayedinanunexpectedtragedy.madetheplanefalldownunconcernabouttheconsequencesasalwayswasabletodealwithanunexpectedproblem,adifficulttaskthebadweathermadeFlight90falldownflotationringsicywatergreatnessTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesWordschaotic;blast;slap;aesthetic;elementsPhrasesonrecord;bring…totears;incollision;asever;bringdown;risetotheoccasionSentencePatternasdisastersgo,thisonewasterrible…;why,then,theshockhere?GrammarappositiveclausesGuessthemeaning

Atunnelwastobeblasted

throughthemountains.Therocketisduetoblastoffatthreeo'clock.

Thegovernmentwasblastedbytheoppositionforfailingtoreduceinflation.Threepeoplewereinjuredintheblast.Ablastofcoldairhithimasheopenedthewindow.ablastofrealwinterblast— v.(1)toexplodeordestroysth.orsb.withexplosive,ortobreakthroughorhitsomethingwithasimilar,verystrongforce.(2)tocriticizesb.orsth.severely.n.(1)anexplosion;(2)suddenstrongblowofair.tobeexplodedtolaunchcriticizeseverelyexplosionagustofwindastronggustofcoldwindinwinterslap— n.aquickhitwiththeflatofthehandorotherflatobject.v.tohitsomeonewiththeflatpartofthehandorotherflatobject.aslapinthefaceanactionthatinsultsorupsetssomeone耳光;公然受辱;突然責備

aslaponthebackaslaponthewristanactionthatshowspraiseforsth.youhavedone[口],稱贊agentlewarningorpunishment輕微處罰；略予申斥

GuessItwasarealslapinthefaceforhimwhensherefusedtogoouttodinnerwithhim.ThejudgegaveMinnaaslaponthewristfornotwearingherseatbelt.Herhusbandhasbeenslappingheraround,butshe'safraidtogotothepolice.Whenherideaswererejected,sheslappedherreport(down)onthetableandstormedoutofthemeeting.anactionthatinsultsorupsetssomeone恥辱agentlewarningorpunishmenthittingsb.repeatedlyputsth.somewherewithaslappingnoiseAs…go(es),…comparedwiththeaverage.就······來說Aswritersgo,OscarWildewasnotthemosttalented,buthewasamongthemostpopular.$40aticketisn’tbadasfootballticketsgo.Risetotheoccasion/challenge

todealsuccessfullywithadifficultsituationorproblem,especiallybyworkingharderorperformingbetterthanusual

It’snotaneasytask,butI’msureJohnwillrisetothechallenge.

假如可能，你可依靠他來應付這個局面。

Youcandependonhimtorisetotheoccasion,ifpossible.Strongwindbroughtdownthepowerlinesacrosstheregion.tocausetofallorcollapseOurprincipalresponsibilityistobringdownthelevelofunemployment.to

reducetherate,level,oramountPhrasesandExpressionscf.Majorspendingisrequiredtobringaboutsubstantialimprovementsinhousing.(tomakesth.happen)Thevariousdepartmentshavenotyetbroughtforwardtheirspendingplans.(topresent,produce)Iftheycanbringoffhedeal,theywillbeabletoretire.(tosucceedindoingsth.difficult)TextAnalysis1.說起科幻電影，《阿凡達》堪稱經(jīng)典。

Assci-fimoviesgo,Avatarcanbecalledaclassic.2.中國汽車行業(yè)必須應對挑戰(zhàn)，找到存活和發(fā)展方向。

TheChineseautoindustrymustrisetothechallengeandfinditsownwayofsurvivalanddevelopment.3.在那樣困難時期，中國科學家們爭了氣，1964年10月成功地在戈壁灘引爆了中國第一顆原子彈。Despitesuchhardshipsoftheera,ChinesescientistsrosetotheoccasionandsuccessfullyexplodedChina’sfirstatomicbombintheGobidesert.4.政府與反對黨在失業(yè)問題上有重大分歧。

GovernmentclashedwiththeOppositiononthequestionofunemployment.GovernmentandtheOppositionclashedon…5.因無人維持秩序，教室里一片混亂。

Withnoonetokeeporder,thesituationintheclassroomwaschaotic.

TranslationTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:MainIdeaWhowereabletoaccountforwhattheydid?Whatdidtheydo?Andwhydidtheydoso?Whoattractedmostofpeople’sattention?Whatwas“themaninthewater”like?Whatdid“themaninthewater”do?Whatisthemeaningof“thefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter”?Whatisthisuniversalcharacter?Three(para3)…accountfor…Theydescribe…asallinthelineofdutyDeliver…line…sb…stickinthemind.Thefourthman:themaninthewater(para4)…responsiblefor…Alertandincontrol…Inamasscasualty…withthatcommitment.Hisselflessness…h(huán)isanonymityUniversalcharacter(?)Everyman

SentenceParaphraseSkutnikaddedthat“somebodyhadtogointothewater”,deliveringeveryhero’slinethatisnolessadmirableforbeingrepeated.(Para.3)Skutnikgavearemarkthathasbeensaidbeforebymanypeopleinsimilarsituations,butitisstilladmirable.makingeveryhero’sremarkequallyasaresultof“Inamasscasualty,you’llfindpeoplelikehim,”saidWindsor.”ButI’veneverseenonewiththatcommitment.”(para4)paraphrase

Wecanalwaysfindheroicpeoplelikehimwhenalargenumberofpeoplewerehurtinanaccidentbecausealthoughnoteveryoneisahero,there’sboundtobeafairrepresentationofheroesinabigcrowd.ButI’veneverseenanyonewithsuchastrongsenseofresponsibility.astrongsenseofresponsibilityorloyaltylargenumberofpeoplehurtorkilledinanaccidentSentenceParaphraseThefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter.(para4)paraphraseThefactthatnobodycouldfindouttheidentityofthispersonreallymadehimarepresentativeman,likeeveryoneofuscoulddo.Wemayfeelthatitmighthavebeenanyone.remaininanunknownstategavehimauniversalquality;madehimarepresentativeman,likeeveryoneofuscouldbe;madepeoplefeelthatitcouldhavebeenanyoneSentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphrase

Thefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter.(para.4)Paraphrasing:Peopledidnotknowwhohewas.Thismadehimakindofsymbol,asymbolofhumancourage.go+subjectcomplement(adj.ed-participle,ing-participle,prep.phrase):toremaininastateof…Allmyletterswentunanswered.Hehopedthathisnervousnesswouldgounnoticed.

EverymanEverymanisatypicalhumanbeing.Itconveystheideathatthisanonymousmanreallyrepresentsthebestofhumannature.Whathedidwasnottheactofasupernaturalbeing,buttheactofanordinaryperson.Yet,theauthorsaysherethat“nomanisordinary”,becauseeverypersoniscapableofrisingtotheoccasionandmakinghistory.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesWordsaccount;casualty;commitmentPhrasesinthelineofduty;referto;responsiblefor;knownas;incontrol;gounderSentencePatternOfthefour,three…;Hewasseenclingingto…;Bedescribedas…;Everytime…,hepassediton;Thefactthathewentunidentified…Grammarappositiveclauses;Indefinitepronounsderivedfrom“some”,“any”,“no”,“every”casualtyn.

Thetrainwasderailedbuttherewerenocasualties,policesaid.1).apersoninjuredorkilledinaseriousaccidentorwar;Shelostherjobin1989,acasualtyoftherecession.2).apersonorthingthatsuffersasaresultofsth.elsehappening.Sherushedtocasualty.3).casualtyhospital/ward:(USEmergency)急診室

Inafiercecompetition,thesepoorlymanagedenterpriseswillgounder.(fail)Incaseofaneconomicrecession,theseoldandweakpeoplewillbethefirsttogounder.Tmitmentton.(1)thingonehaspromisedtodo,pledge,undertaking;(2)stateofbeingdedicatedordevotedtosth.acommitmenttoliberalpoliciesaprofoundcommitmenttothefamily

Commit:mitacrimeTheywerecommittedtofolloworders.Hewastooyoungtocommitfullytomarriage.Thepatientwascommittedtothehospital.anonymousa.madeordonebysomeonewhosenameisnotknownornotmadepublic.

ExampleThepolicehavereassuredwitnesseswhomaybeafraidtocomeforwardthattheywillbeguaranteedanonymity.對于那些害怕出庭作證證人，警方讓他們放心確保決不透露姓名。

Hereceivedananonymousletterthreateningtodisclosedetailsofhisaffairifhedidn'tpaythemoney.Forreasonsofpersonalsafety,theinformantwishestoremainanonymous.

Notehowthe"anonymity"isformed.An-meanswithout,andnymcomesfromanomainlateLatinwhichmeansname.Cf:antonym,synonym,homonym,pseudonymanonymity—n.stateofbeinganonymousTextAnalysisPartII:ExerciseTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.對國產(chǎn)奶粉“信心荒”是造成市面上進口奶粉荒原因?！癝hortageofconfidence”indomesticbrandsisresponsiblefortheshortageofimportmilkpowderonthemarket.2.因為社會資源有限，很多犯罪都沒有得到處罰。Duetolimitedsocialresources,manycrimeshavegoneunpunished.3.煙味長久附著在我衣服上不散。Thesmellofsmokeclingstomyclothesforalongtime.4.Thecornergrocerywasacasualtyoftheexpandingsupermarkets.角落里雜貨店是日益擴大超級市場受害者.5.我們在尋找對此工作真正能盡職盡責人。

We’relookingforsomeonewitharealsenseofcommitmenttothisjob.6.因為社會資源有限，很多犯罪都沒有得到處罰。Duetolimitedsocialresources,manycrimeshavegoneunpunishedTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:MainIdeaWhatdoesthewriterwanttorevealthroughtheimaginedscene?“Hewatchedeverythingintheworldmoveawayfromhim,andheletithappen.”Whatdoesthesentenceimply?Didhejustpassivelywatchandletithappen?Couldhestopit?Whatmightbethereason?

Stillhecouldneverhaveimaginedsuchacapacityinhimself.(para4)paraphraseNevertheless/However,itwasimpossibleforhimtoknowthathewouldbecapableofsuchheroism.Whatthemandidwasthenaturalresponsetothecriticalsituation.ability:

做某種詳細事情能力，尤其是經(jīng)過學習實際本事(to)capability:做某事才能或本事，可與ability通用，但更強調潛在能力(of)capacity:主要指接收，吸收或容納能力

Hehasthe__________toswimlikeafish.Hehasthe____________ofsolvingpracticalproblems.Thetheaterhasaseating_____________of300people.abilitycapabilitycapacityPartIII:SentenceParaphraseForatsomemomentinthewaterhemusthaverealizedthathewouldnotliveifhecontinuedtohandovertheropeandringtoothers.Hehadtoknowit,nomatterhowslowtheeffectofthecold.(para.6)

Paraphrasing:

Obviouslyitrequiresmuchmorecouragetofacesuredeathknowingthatyouhaveachoice(keeponeoftheringsforyourself)thantofacethepossibilityofdeathby,forexample,astraybulletinbattle.

Themaninthestorydidnotactonimpulse.Hedidnotpassonhisringstootherswithatotalunawarenessoftheconsequences.Atsomepointhemusthaveknownthathewasfreezingtodeathandwouldgounderanymoment.Buthestillgavethechanceofsurvivaltothenextperson.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesWordsdesperate;stunning;survivorPhrasesowe…to…;handoverto;takeoffSentencePatternSoourmanrelaxedwiththeothers,someofwhomwould...GrammarTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIV:MainIdeaWhatdoes“theessential,classiccircumstance”referto?“Theonemakingnodistinctionsofgoodandevil,…actingwhollyondistinctions,principlesand,perhapsonfaith.”Whatistheauthortryingtosayspecifically?“Hewaslikewisegivingalifelinetothosewhowatchedhim.”Whydoesthewritersayso?Whydowebelievethatmandidnotlosethefightagainstnature?SentenceParaphrase

Hewasthere,intheessential,classiccircumstance.(Para.7)mostimportant

traditionalorlongestablished

Whathappenedthatdaywasatypicalsituationinwhichnaturalforcesandmanfoughtagainsteachother.Andwhenelementsbegintoshowtheirpower,youalwaysfindmanwhowillfightback.Heisalwaysthere.Wecanalwaysexpecttofindsuchahero.SentenceParaphrase…theonemakingnodistinctionsofgoodandevil,actingonnoprinciples,offeringnolifelines;theotheractingwhollyondistinctions,principlesand,perhaps,onfaith.(Para.7)Man,ontheotherhand,hashismoralstandardsofwhatisrightandwrong.Hemustbehaveaccordingtothemoralprinciplesandbeliefs.Naturehasnomoralstandards.Itworksonnohumanprinciples.Itcaresnothingabouttheindividuallifeofman.Ifthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,hewaslikewisegivingalifelinetothosewhowatchedhim.Inthisarticle,theauthorisgivingtheman’sactionasymbolicmeaning.Whenthemanwasgivingalifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,wemightsaythathewasalsogivingthechancetolivetoeveryoneofus.Hewasshowingbyhisownexamplethemeaningoflife.Thedignityofhumanexistence,thepowerofnoblehumancharacter.Likewise:inthesamewaySentenceParaphraseThemaninthewatersethimselfagainstanimmovable,impersonalenemy;hefoughtitwithkindness;andheheldittoastandoff.Hewasthebestwecando.(Para.9)nature,whichisindifferentandcannotbepersuadedtochangeitsattitudetowardsmanasituationinwhichneithersideinabattlecangainanadvantagetomakesb.starttofightwithTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIV:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesWordsdistinction;likewise;standoffPhraseskeepone’sthoughtson;goat;makedistinctionof;acton;onbehalfof;letgoof;set…againstSentencePatternYetwhatevermovedthesemen…Grammargoatsth.tostartdoingsth.withalotofenergyandenthusiasm.