書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東中醫(yī)藥高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thisistheindustrialist’s（

）:invest,andriskgoingbankrupt,ornotinvestandrisklosingyourshareofthemarket.

問題1選項

A.paradox

B.junction

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)下文列舉出的兩種情況可以推斷,填空處應(yīng)指進退兩難的境地。句意:這就是實業(yè)家的困境:要么冒著破產(chǎn)的風(fēng)險投資;要么不投資,但要面臨著失去市場份額的風(fēng)險。選項D符合語境。

2.單選題

Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.Forsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that’sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,thetidingscanbeallbad.

LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.Theplanwas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”

Whiletheadministrationbilledtherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,pointingtoaprovisionallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas“health-careoperations.”That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.Bothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveupthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanadditional$3.8billion,andmaybemuchmore,overthenextfiveyears.Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules’enforcementprovisions.

Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.Todayvariouscancersandsexuallytransmitteddiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage.Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesfoundthatoneinsixU.S.adultshadatsometimedonesomethingunusualtoconcealmedicalinformation,suchaspayingcashforservices.

51.Theauthorbeginshisarticlewith“technologyisatwo-edgedsword”to____.

52.AccordingtotheproposalmadebyPresidentClinton,patientswillbeabletodothefollowingEXCEPT____.

53.Doctorstendtothinkthattherules____.

54.TheexampleoftheJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesisusedtoshowthat____.

55.Fromthearticlewecanlearnthat____.

問題1選項

A.showthatdoctor’simproperuseoftechnologycanendupinbadresults

B.callonpeople’sattentiontothepotentialdangertechnologycanbringtous

C.warnoftheharmpatientsarepronetosuffer

D.showtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftechnology

問題2選項

A.beopenwiththeirdoctors

B.decidehowtousetheirmedicalinformation

C.enjoymorerightstotheirmedicalrecords

D.suetheirinsurersforimproperuseoftheirmedicalrecords

問題3選項

A.mayruindoctor-patientrelationship

B.candomoreharmthangood

C.willpreventdoctorsfromdoingmedicalresearch

D.willendupinmorehealthcarecostandpoorermedicalservice

問題4選項

A.alargeportionofpatientswouldratherleavetheirdiseasesuntreated

B.concealingmedicalinformationiswidespreadintheU.S.

C.Americanpatients’concealmentoftheirmedicalinformationhasbecomeabigconcern

D.payingcashformedicalserviceisacommonpracticeamongAmericanpatients

問題5選項

A.Americangovernmentwilltightenitscontrolovertheuseofpatients’personalinformation

B.thenewrulesputinsurersinaverydisadvantageousposition

C.doctorsandinsurersarebothagainsttherulesforthesamereasons

D.patientsareentitledtohavecompletecontroloftheirmedicalinformation

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】51.目的意圖題。題干“作者的文章以‘科技是一把雙刃劍’開始是為了____”，由此可知，本題問的是作者第1段寫“科技是一把雙刃劍”的目的。后文著重寫技術(shù)帶來的隱患——醫(yī)療信息泄露的問題，第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國會提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，作者寫第1段是為了引出下文關(guān)于醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的問題，即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可能帶來的潛在問題，B選項“呼吁人們注意技術(shù)可能給我們帶來的潛在危險”，表述符合題意。A選項“證明醫(yī)生對技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用會導(dǎo)致不良結(jié)果”，可定位到第1段第2句Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.（技術(shù)允許醫(yī)生檢測他們的病人的基因缺陷，然后通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將結(jié)果傳遍全世界。）由此可知，科技這把雙刃劍在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域主要涉及醫(yī)療信息的便捷傳播帶來的影響，這并不是醫(yī)生對技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用，選項表述錯誤，排除；C選項“提醒病人可能遭受的傷害”，表述不正確，作者側(cè)重將醫(yī)療隱私泄漏的問題，與harm“（故意）傷害”還是有點區(qū)別，排除；D選項“展示技術(shù)的優(yōu)點和缺點”，本文作者側(cè)重講技術(shù)的不良影響，該選項關(guān)于表述不夠準(zhǔn)確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

52.事實細節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)克林頓總統(tǒng)的提議，患者還可以進行以下操作，除了____”，可定位到第2段。B選項“決定如何使用他們的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段第2句Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.（從2002年開始，根據(jù)2月即將生效的法規(guī)，病人將有權(quán)規(guī)定透露其個人醫(yī)療資料的條件。）由此可知，患者可以規(guī)定其信息的使用條件即如何使用他們的信息，選項表述符合原文，排除；C選項“對自己的醫(yī)療記錄享有更多權(quán)利”，可定位到第2段第3、4句Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.（然后就可以檢查他們的記錄并做出更正。他們就能知道還有誰看過這些信息。）由此可知，患者有了檢查并更正自己記錄的權(quán)利，還能知道誰看過這些信息，選項表述符合原文，排除；D選項“起訴他們的保險公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄”，可定位到原文第2段第5句Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilacriminalpenalties.（護理人員或保險公司對記錄的不當(dāng)使用可能導(dǎo)致民事或刑事處罰。）由此可知，患者有權(quán)起訴他們的保險公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄，選項表述與原文一致，排除。A選項“對他們的醫(yī)生開誠布公”，可定位到最后一段第1句Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.（新規(guī)定的目的是為了讓病人對自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵他們對醫(yī)生開誠布公。）由此可知，鼓勵患者對醫(yī)生開誠布公是目的，而不是克林頓的題議，選項表述符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項為A。

53.事實細節(jié)題。題干“醫(yī)生傾向于認(rèn)為（克林頓的）規(guī)定____”，可定位到第3段第2、3句Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,…That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,…（醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這些規(guī)定實際上可能會侵犯隱私，……醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這是一個漏洞，醫(yī)療保健機構(gòu)(HMO)和其他保險公司窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系……）由此可知，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為規(guī)定的弊端更明顯，B選項“弊大于利”表述符合原文。A選項“可能會破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系”表述錯誤，不是會破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系，而是保險公司可能會窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系，排除；C選項“會阻止醫(yī)生進行醫(yī)學(xué)研究”、D選項“最終會導(dǎo)致更多的醫(yī)療費用和更差的醫(yī)療服務(wù)”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

54.目的意圖題。題干“關(guān)于普林斯頓調(diào)查委員會1月份民調(diào)的例子是用來表明____”，可定位到最后一段。最后一段，第1句內(nèi)容：這些規(guī)定的目的之一是讓病人對自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵他們對醫(yī)生開誠布公；第2句內(nèi)容：各種癌癥和性傳播疾病都可能得不到治療，因為患者害怕尷尬或失去保險。最后一句即這個例子：Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypoll…,suchapayingcashforservices.（這種擔(dān)憂是真實存在的：克林頓的助手指出，普林斯頓調(diào)查研究協(xié)會今年1月進行的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，六分之一的美國成年人曾做過一些不同尋常的事情來隱瞞醫(yī)療信息，比如用現(xiàn)金購買醫(yī)療服務(wù)。）由此可知，患者因為害怕尷尬或失去保險，而隱瞞病情，導(dǎo)致有些特殊疾病得不到治療（這是一個問題），而民調(diào)的這個例子說明，美國人中這種害怕真實存在，即有很多美國人這么做，C選項“在美國，病人對醫(yī)療信息的隱瞞已經(jīng)成為一個大問題”，表述符合原文。A選項“很多病人寧愿不治療他們的疾病”，表述錯誤，患者們不是寧愿不治療，而是害怕尷尬或失去保險，排除；干擾選項B“隱瞞醫(yī)療信息在美國很普遍”，表述不完整，不僅僅是隱瞞醫(yī)療信息很普遍，更重要的是隱瞞這些信息導(dǎo)致各種癌癥和性傳播疾病可能得不到治療，排除；D選項“在美國病人中，用現(xiàn)金支付醫(yī)療服務(wù)是一種常見的做法”，這只是民調(diào)中的一個例子，不是作者寫這個民調(diào)的目的，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

55.判斷推理題。A選項“美國政府將加強對患者個人信息使用的控制”，可定位到第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國會提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，美國政府計劃通過新的法案加強對醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的規(guī)定，根據(jù)法案內(nèi)容可知，規(guī)定都是關(guān)于醫(yī)療信息使用的。選項表述符合原文。B選項“新規(guī)定使保險公司處于非常不利的地位”，可定位到原文第3段第4句theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.（保險公司抗議說，這些規(guī)定將使他們?nèi)菀资艿皆V訟。）第5句Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.（他們尤其感到不安的是，有一項條款要求他們對律師和會計師等“商業(yè)伙伴”的隱私侵犯負責(zé)。）由此可知，新規(guī)定對保險公司的行為增加了限制，但這是為了規(guī)范他們的行為，保護隱私權(quán)，不能證明保險公司處于不利地位，除非這家保險公司想做一些違反規(guī)定的事情。選項表述不符合原文，排除；C選項“醫(yī)生和保險公司都因為同樣的原因而違反規(guī)定”，可定位到原文第3段。根據(jù)這段內(nèi)容可知，醫(yī)生和保險公司因為一些不同的原因都對規(guī)定不滿，并且都認(rèn)為該規(guī)定會增加醫(yī)療保健成本，都抱怨增加政府的審查。由此可知，沒有依據(jù)表明他們因為相同的原因而違反規(guī)定，選項表述不符合原文，排除；D選項“患者有權(quán)完全控制自己的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段最后一句Theplaywas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”（克林頓說，這是“讓美國人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的前所未有的一步”。）由此可知，這只是美國人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的一大步，還不能完全控制，選項表述錯誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為A。

3.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthecoursewasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen（）withthetheoreticalaspectsofthesubject.

問題1選項

A.embraced

B.alternated

C.adjusted

D.integrated

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。embraced包含；alternated交替，輪流；adjusted調(diào)整；integrated整合，使……成為整體。句意：這門課程吸引人的一個特點是：實踐工作與該學(xué)科理論方面相結(jié)合。選項D符合句意。

4.寫作題

Directions:Writeanessayinnolessthan250words.

1.盜版現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重

2.盜版造成的后果

3.我對抵制盜版問題的看法

【答案】【參考范文】

TheProblemofPiracy5.翻譯題

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMG),andRobMeakin,apersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomee-literate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesand,insomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“Aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemsthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain,ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrog(互相超越)theWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.

【答案】華威制造集團（WarwickManufacturingGroup，WMG）創(chuàng)始人兼負責(zé)人庫馬爾?巴特（KumarBhatt）教授與馬可尼公司（Marconi）人事主管羅布?米金（RobMeakin）建立了合作關(guān)系，培養(yǎng)工程師和管理人員掌握電子技術(shù)。新知識伙伴關(guān)系將包括一個由40名馬可尼經(jīng)理組成的團隊，巴特教授稱之為電子工程管理或E2。許多工程和非工程公司都對這些令人興奮的項目表示了興趣。

巴特教授認(rèn)為，電子商務(wù)在很大程度上改變了商業(yè)環(huán)境。許多首席執(zhí)行官不了解新技術(shù)的力量，在某些情況下，他們實際上是在抵制變革。他說：“只要有足夠多的行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖認(rèn)識到電子商務(wù)的潛在好處，電子商務(wù)將使英國有可能發(fā)生第二次生產(chǎn)力革命?！边@可能會使日本經(jīng)濟接近于消除與主要競爭對手之間仍然巨大的競爭力差距。在過去的五年中，由于信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，美國制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率提高了30%。在英國，我們可以實現(xiàn)更多，成功的電子商務(wù)將對英國經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生數(shù)十億美元的價值。”英國已經(jīng)比其他歐洲國家更多地使用計算機輔助設(shè)計和制造（CAD/CAM）和管理信息技術(shù)系統(tǒng)，而且英國政府積極推動電子商務(wù)。但據(jù)巴特教授觀察，英國從未將科技作為增長動力?！瓣P(guān)于電子工程管理，你可以保留你的遺留系統(tǒng)；你只需要用一個信息引擎把這些系統(tǒng)連接起來。只要按下一個按鈕，項目經(jīng)理就可以看到項目的狀態(tài)，精確地識別問題，并根據(jù)比過去更完整的信息做出幾乎立即的決定?！盓2項目是華威制造集團（WarwickManufacturingGroup）與美國領(lǐng)先的電子商務(wù)研究中心卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)（CarnegieMellon）結(jié)盟的結(jié)果。后者將負責(zé)培訓(xùn)馬可尼在美國的許多經(jīng)理，該集團在美國有一半的業(yè)務(wù)。在英國，巴特教授與太陽微系統(tǒng)公司、甲骨文公司和參數(shù)技術(shù)公司合作，在大學(xué)建立了一個價值數(shù)百萬英鎊的E2設(shè)計和制造中心，用于培訓(xùn)和研究。

巴特教授認(rèn)為，電子商務(wù)正在改變商業(yè)，以至于WMG很可能更名為華威電子制造集團。但他警告稱：“電子商務(wù)帶來的全球化步伐正在加快。雖然網(wǎng)絡(luò)允許英國工業(yè)取代它們的歐洲同行,它還提供了亞洲國家超越。這是第一次不是西方世界的特權(quán)，因為這項技術(shù)是普遍的。

6.翻譯題

ThegovernmentisdesperatetosellthemosttroubledofSouthKorea’sbigcompaniestoforeigners.This,ministersbelieve,isthebestwaytoacceleratethecorporaterestructuringbeguninthewakeoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1997,andtoclearthewayformoresustainableeconomicgrowth.Thisweek,aftermonthsofon-offtalkswithforeignsuitors,thegovernment’splansmovedabigstepforward,andthenanequallybigstepback.

【答案】政府急切地想把韓國處境最艱難的公司賣給外國人。官員們相信，這是加快自1997年金融危機開始的企業(yè)重組的最佳途徑，也是為可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長開辟道路的最佳途徑。在與外國收購者進行了數(shù)月斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的談判后，本周，政府的計劃向前邁出了一大步，然后又后退了一大步。

7.單選題

TheUnitedNationsPopulationFundhaspickedOctober31asthedaytheworldwillbehometo7

billionpeople.

Forbetterandworse,it’samilestone.

Andtherewillbemoremilestonesahead.Fourteenyearsfromnow,thereareexpectedtobe8

billionpeopleontheplanet.Mostofthegrowthwilloccurintheworld’spoorercountries.

Proportionally,Europe’spopulationwilldecline,whileAfrica’swillincrease.Ataroundthesametime,

IndiawillovertakeChinaasthemostpopulousnationonEarth.

Thegrowingglobalpopulationisjustonesideofthecoin.ArecentreportfromtheWorldHealth

Organizationsignaledtheseriousnessofthehumanpopulationexplosion:morethan3billionpeople—

abouthalftheworld’spopulation—aremalnourished.Neverbeforehavesomany,orsuchalarge

proportion,oftheworld’speoplebeenmalnourished.

Andinagrowingnumberofcountriesthereisaseeminglyunstoppablemarchtowardsub-

replacementfertility,wherebyeachnewgenerationislesspopulousthanthepreviousone,and

populationaging.

Asaresultofdecliningfertilityandincreasinglongevity,thepopulationsofmoreandmore

countriesareagingrapidly.Between2005and2050,ariseinthepopulationaged60yearsoroverwill

bevisible,whereasthenumberofchildren(personsunderage15)willdeclineslightly.

Populationagingrepresents,inonesense,asuccessstoryformankind,butitalsoposesprofoundchallengestopublicinstitutionsthatmustadapttoachangingagestructure.

ThelatestnationalcensusinChinashowsthenumberofelderlypeopleinthecountryhasjumpedto

morethan13.3percentofthepopulation,anincreaseofnearly3percentagepointsonthepercentage

fromthepreviouscensusin2000.Aquarterofthecountry’spopulationwillbeover65by2050,

accordingtotheNationalPopulationandFamilyPlanningCommission.

Thegrowingnumberofelderlyisachallengethatthegovernmentneedstotackle；wecan’trelyon

theever-increasingpopulationtosupportthemormaintainthenation’seconomicgrowth.Better

solutionsareneeded,suchasraisingretirementagestoreflectthegreaterlongevityandworking

capabilityoftoday’solderadultsandmakingadjustmentssopensionprogramsaremoreaccessible.

ItwashearteningtoheartheMinistryofHumanResourcesandSocialSecurityspokesperson

announcedinBeijingonTuesdaythatthegovernmentwilltakeretirementpolicyseriouslyand

proactively.

ShanghaibegantestingaflexibleretirementsystemlastOctober.Eligibleemployeesintheprivate

sectorareallowedtopostponeretirementuntiltheageof65formenand60forwomen.Public

servants,however,willcontinuetoretireunderthepresentsystemage60formenand55forwomen.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Indiawill_____in14years.

2.Whatproblemwillresultfromtheglobalpopulationexplosion?

3.PopulationonagingrepresentsthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.Today’solderadultsenjoy（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthespokesperson’sannouncement?

問題1選項

A.beapoorercountry

B.bethemostpopulouscountry

C.declineinpopulation

D.increaseinvestmentinAfrica.

問題2選項

A.Populationaging.

B.Increasinglongevity.

C.Decliningfertility.

D.Expandingmalnourishment.

問題3選項

A.rapideconomicdevelopment

B.challengetopublicinstitutions

C.successstoryofmankind

D.changingagestructure

問題4選項

A.moreworkingyears

B.moreaccessiblepensionprograms

C.greaterlongevity

D.greatergovernmentsupport

問題5選項

A.Angered.

B.Delighted.

C.Indifferent.

D.Disappointed.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，印度將在14年后______。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞India和14years定位到文章第三段最后一句“IndiawillovertakeChinaasthemostpopulousnationonEarth”，印度將超越中國成為人口最大國。因此B選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)推理題。題干：全球人口激增將帶來什么問題？文章第四段第二句提到“人口激增”。緊接著后文提到“morethan3billionpeople—abouthalftheworld’spopulation—aremalnourished”，可知營養(yǎng)不良的人口增多，范圍會擴大。因此D選項符合題意。

3.細節(jié)題。題干：人口老齡化帶來的問題除了_____。第七段提到人口老齡化的問題“Populationagingrepresents,inonesense,asuccessstoryformankind,butitalsoposesprofoundchallengestopublicinstitutionsthatmustadapttoachangingagestructure.”除了A選項的“經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展”沒有體現(xiàn)外，其他都是人口老齡化的問題。因此A選項符合題意。

4.細節(jié)題。題干：現(xiàn)在的老年人享有_____。文章第九段提到“Bettersolutionsareneeded,suchasraisingretirementagestoreflectthegreaterlongevityandworkingcapabilityoftoday’solderadultsandmakingadjustmentssopensionprogramsaremoreaccessible”，可知，在（人口老齡化）這種情況下需要更好的解決方法，比如考慮到如今老年人的壽命越來越長，以及他們的工作能力，可以采取提高退休年齡的方法；也可作出政策調(diào)整，使養(yǎng)老金計劃更改。由此可知，如今老年人的壽命是越來越長的。因此C選項正確。

5.態(tài)度題。題干：作者對發(fā)言人的聲明持什么態(tài)度？關(guān)于發(fā)言人的生明出現(xiàn)在文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句，使用的語句是“itishearteningtohear振奮人心的”，可知作者對于聲明持積極態(tài)度。因此B選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Manypeoplehavethe___abouttheblindanddeaf.

問題1選項

A.misconceptions

B.frustration

C.confession

D.acknowledgement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項misconceptions“迷思概念；錯誤的想法”；B選項frustration“挫折”；C選項confession“懺悔；告解；供認(rèn)；表白”；D選項acknowledgement“承認(rèn)；確認(rèn)；感謝”。句意：許多人對盲人和聾人有___。本句表達“對盲人和聾人有誤解”，因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

EveryoneinAmericathesedaysseemstobe（）withhisorherphysicalfitness,andeveryoneistalkingaboutgettinginshape.

問題1選項

A.concerned

B.allured

C.connected

D.attracted

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。beconcernedwith指涉及，關(guān)心。根據(jù)句意可知這里指如今的美國人關(guān)心自己的健康，選項A符合句意。

10.單選題

Thenovelcontainssomemarvelouslyrevealing（）ofrurallifeinthe19thcentury.

問題1選項

A.glances

B.glimpses

C.glares

D.gleams

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。glance掃視，強調(diào)動作的快速性；glimpse一瞥，粗略地一看，強調(diào)快速但不完整的“一瞥”；glare怒視，強調(diào)目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地“注視”；gleam閃光，瞬息的一現(xiàn)，還可指情感流露。根據(jù)句意可知，選項B更符合語境。

11.翻譯題

Considerthesurveyevidence,whichshowsthatwhilemostAmericanswanttohavebothscienceandreligionintheirlives,they’llonlygosofartopreservetheformerattheexpenseofthelatter.

【答案】根據(jù)調(diào)查證據(jù)思考發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管許多人在他們的生命里都想擁有科學(xué)和宗教，但是目前他們只會保留前者，而以后者為代價。

12.單選題

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.Thislegislationwillallowapersontoapplytothecourtformaintenancefromanyorallofhischildren.Thecourtwouldhavethediscretiontorefusetomakeanorderifitisunjust.

Thosewhoderidetheproposalforopeningupthecourtstofamilylawsuitsmissthepoint.Onlyinextremecaseswouldanyparenttakehischildtocourt.Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill'seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.

First,itwillreaffirmthenotionthatitiseachindividuals-notsociety's—responsibilitylookafterhisparents.SingaporeisstillconservativeenoughthatmostpeoplewillnotobjecttothisideA.Itreinforcesthetraditionalvaluesanditdoesn’thurtasocietynowandthentoreminditselfofitscorevalues.

Second,andmoreimportantitwillmakethosewhoareinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilitiesthinktwice.Untilnow,ifapersonaskedfamilyelders,clergymenortheministryofcommunityDevelopmenttohelpgetfinancialsupportfromhischildren,themosttheycoulddowastomediate.Butmediatorshavenoteeth,andachildcouldsimplyignoretheirpleas.

Buttobesuedbyone'sparentswouldbeamassivelossofface.ItwouldbeapublicdisgraceFewpeoplewouldbesothick-skinnedastosay:SueandbedamneD.ThehandoftheconciliatorwouldbeimmeasurablystrengtheneD.Itisfarmorelikelythatsomesortofamicablesettlementwouldbereachediftherecalcitrantsonordaughterknowsthatthealternativeisapublictrial.

ItwouldbenicetothinkthatSingaporedoesn'tneedthiskindoflaw.Butthatbeliefignoresthecleardemographictrendsandtheeffectofaffluenceitselfontraditionalbonds.Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.

1.ThemaintenanceofParentsBill（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

3.Theauthorseemstosuggestthattraditionalvalues（）.

4.Theauthorthinksthatifthebillbecomeslawitseffectwouldbe（）.

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoimplythatsuccessoftheBilldependsupon（）.

問題1選項

A.receivedallpeople'ssupportintheSingaporeParliament

B.wasbelievedtosolvealltheproblemsoftheelderlypoor

C.wasintendedtosubstitutefortraditionalvaluesinSingapore

D.waspassedtomaketheyoungmoreresponsibletotheold

問題2選項

A.FilialresponsibilityinSingaporeisenforcedbylaw

B.Fathershavelegalobligationstomaintaintheirchildren

C.Itisanacceptablepracticefortheoldtocontinueworking

D.TheAdvisoryCouncilwassetupin1990

問題3選項

A.playaninsignificantroleinsolvingsocialproblem

B.arehelpfultotheelderlywhentheysuetheirchildren

C.areveryimportantinpreservingAsianuniqueness

D.aresignificantinhelpingtheBillgetapproved

問題4選項

A.indirect

B.unnoticed

C.apparent

D.unclear

問題5選項

A.strictenforcement

B.publicsupport

C.governmentassurance

D.filialawareness

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第一句“ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.”，中文翻譯：“本月，新加坡通過了一項法案，賦予贍養(yǎng)父母的道義義務(wù)以法律效力?！币虼?，綜合考慮，選項D為正確答案。

2.細節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren.”，中文翻譯：“法律可以強迫一個父親撫養(yǎng)他的孩子。”因此最佳答案為B選項。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.”，中文翻譯：“贍養(yǎng)父母法案是為了鼓勵傳統(tǒng)美德，這些美德至今使亞洲國家遠離其他富裕社會遭遇到的衰敗?！庇纱丝梢酝茢喑龃鸢高x擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill’seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.”中文翻譯為：如果它真的成為法律，法案的效果將會更加微妙?！币约昂笪淖髡邔懙蕾狆B(yǎng)父母是個人的責(zé)任，并非社會的責(zé)任，但是有些人礙于情面，不得不重新考慮贍養(yǎng)父母的問題，可知，A項符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文最后一句“Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.”，中文翻譯為：“我們這些推動該法案的人將認(rèn)為，如果它能作為一種激勵，使其在一開始就不被動用，那么自己是最成功的?！币虼司C合可知，D選項是其主要原因。

13.單選題

Theheavilypopulatedareawasabreedingplacefor（）diseases.

問題1選項

A.infectious

B.powerful

C.influential

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】infectious傳染的；powerful強大的；influential有影響力的；suspicious可疑的。句意：人口稠密的地區(qū)是傳染病的滋生地。選項A符合句意。

14.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Physics,aswellaspuremathematics,hassuppliedmaterialforthephilosophyoflogicalanalysis.Thishasoccurredespeciallythroughthetheoryofrelativityandquantummechanics（量子力學(xué)）.Whatisimportanttothephilosopherinthetheoryofrelativityisthesubstitutionofspace-timeforspaceandtime.Commonsensethinksofthephysicalworldascomposedof“things”whichpersistthrou