PAGEPAGE8Unit4Breakingboundarieseq\a\vs4\al()課后培優(yōu)——微積累戰(zhàn)高考，訓(xùn)練提分點eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(讀后續(xù)寫微技能)夸張修辭法夸張就是運用豐富的想象，過激的言辭，渲染和裝飾客觀事物，以達到強調(diào)的效果。一、好句欣賞1．Mybloodfroze.我的血液都凝固了。2．OldMr.JohnsonhasbeenteachingheresincetheStoneAge.老約翰遜先生很早就在這兒教書了。3.Whensheheardthebadnews,ariveroftearspouredout.當(dāng)她聽到這個壞消息時，她淚流成河。4．Basketballistheonlythingthatevermatteredtohim.籃球是唯一對他重要的事。5．Chriswon'tdriveherhomebecauseshelivesontheothersideoftheuniverse.克里斯不會開車送她回家，因為她住的太遠了。6．WhenItoldourfatheraboutthis,hisheartburst.當(dāng)我將這件事告訴我們的父親時，他的心幾乎要迸出來。二、小試牛刀1．Iwassohungrythat_I_could_eat_a_horse．我很餓以至于可以吃掉一匹馬。2．Iwaswalkingalongtheroadwhensuddenlythisenormousdogstoodinfrontofme.Itwasas_big_as_an_elephant．我正沿著馬路走著，這時一只大狗突然站在我前面。它有一頭大象那么大。3．Icouldsmellthefragranceofflowersfrom_a_mile_away．從一英里之外我就能聞到花香。4．My_heart_almost_stopped_beatingwhenIheardmydaughter'svoiceonthephone.在電話里一聽到我女兒的聲音，我的心幾乎停止跳動。5．There'senoughfoodinthecupboardto_feed_an_entire_army!廚柜里有足夠養(yǎng)活一整支軍隊的食物。eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(高考題型組合練)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型記敘文主題語境人與自我——個人經(jīng)歷——勇敢面對阿爾茨海默病(2021·南昌市重點中學(xué)高三段考)LauraSideswasapsychologymajorattheUniversityofNottinghamin2004.Shefirstnoticedsignsofherdad'sdevelopingdementia(癡呆)whenshemovedtoNottingham.Shesaid，“Dadwasadoctor，soheknewexactlywhatwashappeningtohim，butpeopletrytohideitwhentheyareill.Then，Icamehomeformy21stbirthdayandarrangedtomeethim，buthenevershowedupashe'dforgotten.That'swhenIknewsomethingseriouswashappening.”So，aged21，shedecidedtoleaveuniversityandlookafterhimherself.Shelivedcloseby，poppingineverydaytomakesurehewaseating，andthatthehousewastidy，beforeheadingofftoherwork.Besideschallengingmoments，thereweretimeswhenlookingafterherdadwasapurejoy.“We'dwakeup，I'daskwhathewantedtodothatday，andhoweverridiculoustheadventure，offwe'dgo.”Sadly，in2009，5yearslater，Lauralostherfather.Beforehedied，Laurawenttoahospitalappointmentwithhim，wheredoctorsmentionedthathisformofAlzheimer'swasgeneticmeaningtherewasafifty-fiftychancethatshehadinheritedit.ForseveralyearsLauraagonisedoverwhethertobetested，finallyfindingoutinAugust2017thatshehastheAPPgene，meaningthat，likehim，shewilldeveloptheconditionwithinadecade.Atfirst，shestruggled，feelingasifshelackedpurpose.Then，duringasleeplessnightinthesummerof2018，shedecidedataround2amtoenterthe2019LondonMarathonsponsoredbythecharitiesAlzheimer'sSocietyandAlzheimer'sResearchUK.Shehopedtostarttheconversationaroundearly-onsetAlzheimer'sandtoencouragepeopletotalkaboutitmoreopenly.“IrememberwhenDadwasill，peoplewouldn'tknowhowtoreactanditallfeltveryhiddenaway，butIwanttobehonestandopen.”Sheadded，“Themoreinformationwecanget，thelessofataboo(忌諱)thiswillfeel.Thatsaid，thesupportI'vereceivedsofaraftergoingpublichasbeenamazing—that'swhatiscarryingmethrough.”文章大意：LauraSides在讀大學(xué)期間，父親患上了阿爾茨海默病，她休學(xué)悉心照料父親直到他去世；后來她被醫(yī)生告知自己在十年后也會患上同樣的病。短暫的痛苦之后，她便振作了起來，積極面對生活，參加馬拉松比賽，并且進行阿爾茨海默病方面的公開對話，鼓勵人們公開談?wù)撨@種病，而不是回避它。1．Lauranoticedherfather'sdementiawhen________．A．herfathertoldherhisconditioninpersonB．peoplenearbyinformedherofhisfather'sconditionC．herfatherforgothisownbirthdaypartyD．herfatherforgottoattendher21-year-oldbirthdayparty解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句“Then，Icamehomeformy21stbirthday...That'swhenIknewsomethingseriouswashappening.”可知，Laura的父親忘記參加女兒的21歲生日會，在那時Laura意識到父親已患病，故選D。2．Theunderlinedword“agonised”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．excited B．struggledC．shocked D．delighted解析：B考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)上文中的“therewasafifty-fiftychancethatshehadinheritedit”可知，醫(yī)生告知Laura，她有百分之五十患病的幾率，并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句中的“whethertobetested”可推知，此處表示Laura多年來苦苦思索是否去檢查一下，與B項詞義接近。3．Laurastartedtheopentalkinthehopeof________．A．gettingpeopletotalkaboutAlzheimer'sopenlyB．earningsomemoneytohelptreatherAlzheimer'sC．makingherselfstrongertofightagainstAlzheimer'sD．raisingfundsforcharitiesAlzheimer'sSocietyandAlzheimer'sResearchUK解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“opentalk”定位到文章的最后一段。根據(jù)該段首句“Shehopedtostarttheconversationaroundearly-onsetAlzheimer'sandtoencouragepeopletotalkaboutitmoreopenly.”可知，作者公開談?wù)摪柎暮Ｄ∈菫榱斯膭钊藗児_談?wù)摯瞬。蚀鸢甘茿。4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeLaura?A．Caringandpositive. B．Carefulandhonest.C．Patientandcautious. D．Devotedandmodest.解析：A考查推理判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，Laura在得知父親患阿爾茨海默病后休學(xué)來悉心照料他直至他去世，后來得知自己也會得阿爾茨海默病后，掙扎后便振作起來，先是決定參加馬拉松比賽，接著針對這種病進行公開對話，鼓勵人們更加公開地談?wù)撍?，而不是回避它。由此可推知，作者是一個關(guān)心他人又積極向上的人，故答案是A。B語篇類型記敘文主題語境人與自我——勵志故事——ChelsieHill坐著輪椅追逐自己的舞蹈夢想(2021·沈陽市高中三年級教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Sincetheageofthree，ChelsieHillhaddreamedofbecomingadancer.Thatambitionnearlyendedonenightin2010.Hill，thena17-year-oldhighschoolseniorinPacificGrove，California，wasinacaraccidentthatleftherparalyzedfromthewaistdown.Formostpeople，thatwouldhavedashedanyhopeofadancingcareer.ForHill，itwasthebeginning.“Iwantedtoprovetomycommunity—andtomyself—thatIwasstill‘normal’，”shetoldTeenVogue.“Whatever‘normal’meant.”“Normal”forhermeantdancing，soHilldiditinherwheelchairrightalongsidehernon-disabledhighschooldanceteam.“Itdefinitelytookalotoflearningandpatience，”HilltoldToday.Aftergraduation，Hillwantedtoexpandherdancenetworktoincludewomenlikeher.Shemetpeopleonlinewhohadsufferedvariousinjuriesbutsharedherdetermination，andsheinvitedthemtodancewithher.Hopingtoaffectmorepeopleinalargercity，HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecallsRollettes.“Iwanttobreakdownthestereotype(模式化觀念)ofwheelchairusersandshowthatdanceisdance，whetheryou'rewalkingoryou'rerolling，”shetoldCBSNews.Dancingonwheels，Rollettesdiscovered，canbejustasfast-paced，artful，andfulfillingasthefoot-basedvariety.They'rehavingfun，andthefunistouching.Hillhasattainedwhatmanyofusneverwill：herchildhooddream.ButRolletteshavehelpedherfindsomethingelsejustasfulfilling.EveryyearsheholdsadancecampforwheelchairusersofallagesandabilitieswithaneyetohelpingthemfindtheirinnerGingerRogersorJulianneHough.Thedancersaren'ttheonlyonesfeelinginspireD．Onewomansawavideooftheteamcompetingandcommented,“Youguysaresoawesome！?。。obeinawheelchairandstillbesobeautifulmakesmeknowIcanbebeautifultoo!Thankyou！”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。ChelsieHill從三歲起就夢想著成為一名舞蹈家，不幸的是，17歲那年的一場車禍導(dǎo)致她腰部以下都癱瘓了。但是ChelsieHill并沒有放棄自己的舞蹈夢想，她不僅堅持坐著輪椅練習(xí)舞蹈，而且成立了一個名為Rollettes的舞蹈隊，以幫助身體殘疾的女性繼續(xù)跳舞。ChelsieHill的精神不僅鼓舞了舞蹈隊的隊員而且也鼓舞了看她們參賽視頻的人。5．WhatcanwelearnaboutChelsieHill?A．Shewasbornwithdisability.B．Sheexperiencedacaraccidentin2014.C．ShehaddreamedtobeadancersincechildhooD．D．Herdancingcareerstoppedwhenshewas17.解析：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Sincetheageofthree，ChelsieHillhaddreamedofbecomingadancer.”可知，從三歲起，ChelsieHill就夢想成為一名舞蹈家，故選C。6．HowdidChelsieHillproveherselftobenormal?A．Bygraduatingwithhonor.B．Bydancinginawheelchair.C．Byrefusingtouseawheelchair.D．Bystartingahighschooldanceteam.解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“‘Normal’forhermeantdancing，soHilldiditinherwheelchairrightalongsidehernondisabledhighschooldanceteam.”可知，ChelsieHill想通過坐在輪椅上繼續(xù)跳舞來證明自己是正常的，故B項正確。7．WhydidChelsieHillstartRollettes?A．Tosatisfyherownambition.B．Tobetterunderstandachievements.C．Toachievebothsuccessandfame.D．Toinspiremoredisabledwomentodance.解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Hillwantedtoexpandherdancenetworktoincludewomenlikeher”和第四段第一句“Hopingtoaffectmorepeople...shecallsRollettes.”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可推知，ChelsieHill組建Rollettes是為了激勵更多像她一樣身患殘疾的女性去跳舞，故D項正確。8．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ChaseYourDreams—EveninaWheelchairB．FormaDanceTeam—aBigBonusC．BecomeaDancer—aChallengingDreamD．DanceonWheels—aNewTrend解析：A標題判斷題。本文講述了ChelsieHill從三歲起就夢想成為一名舞蹈家，不幸的是，17歲那年的一場車禍差點終結(jié)了她的舞蹈夢；但是ChelsieHill坐著輪椅仍然勇敢地、堅持不懈地追逐自己的夢想。故A項最適合作本文的標題。Ⅱ.七選五語篇類型說明文主題語境人與社會——科普知識——Wi-Fi是什么意思WhatDoesWi-FiStandfor?Longgonearethedaysofdial-upandwaitingforyourturntousethecomputer.It'seasierthanevertoconnecttotheInternetinthedigitalworldtoday.1.________Wi-FiisawirelessnetworkthatusesradiofrequencysignalstoconnecttotheInternetorsendmessagesbetweendeviceswithoutwires.EverythingfromyourphoneandlaptoptotabletsandprinterscanuseWi-Fi，thankstothesewaves.2.________Twoyearslater，agroupofcompaniesformedtheWirelessEthernetCompatibilityAlliance(WECA，nowtheWi-FiAlliance)，aglobalnon-profitorganizationcreatedtopromotethenewWi-FistandarD．NoneofthathistoryexplainswhatWi-Fistandsfor，becausethephrasedoesn'tstandforanything.Wi-FiisatrademarkedtermdescribingthedeviceortechnologybasedontheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)wirelesscommunicationstandard802.11，accordingtotheWi-FiAlliance.3.________SotheWi-FiAlliancehiredthemarketingcompanyInterbrandtocomeupwithashortername：Wi-Fi，accordingtooneofthefoundingAlliancemembers.4．________Therumorthatitstandsfor“WirelessFidelity(無線保真)”isthankstotheAlliance.Somemembersdidn'tunderstandthebrandingormarketingforWi-Fi.Theyfeltconsumerswouldwantanexplanationforthename.SotheAllianceagreedtoincludeatagline：TheStandardforWirelessFidelity.That'swhysomanypeopleassumeWi-Fistandsforwirelessfidelity，butthetaglinecameafterthename.5.________Don'taddtotheconfusionandstopassociatingthesephrasesbylearningtherealmeaningbehindtheseacronyms(首字母縮略詞).A．That'samouthful.B．ThisismostlythankstoWi-Fi.C．ThenamecausedamisconceptionaboutWi-Fi.D．ThereissomedebatesurroundingthequestionwhatWi-Fistandsfor.E．In1997，acommitteeofindustryleadersapprovedacommonWi-FistandarD．F．Severalyearsago，acommonstandardofWi-Fiwassetupbyseveralcompanies.G．Plus，theAllianceremovedthetag，althoughtheconfusionitbroughtstilllivesontoday.文章大意：撥號上網(wǎng)和排隊等待使用計算機的日子已經(jīng)成為過去；在當(dāng)今的數(shù)字世界，上網(wǎng)比之前更加容易，這主要感謝Wi-Fi，本文介紹了什么是Wi-Fi。1．解析：B根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，撥號上網(wǎng)的日子早已成為過去，和以往相比更容易連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)，且空處下文緊接著介紹了Wi-Fi的相關(guān)方面，由此可知，B項“這主要感謝Wi-Fi”承上啟下，符合語境。2．解析：E根據(jù)空后一句可知，兩年后，幾個公司成立了無線以太網(wǎng)兼容性聯(lián)盟，目的是推廣新的Wi-Fi標準。與新的標準相對應(yīng)則是一般的、普通的標準，E項中的“acommonWi-Fistandard”與空后的“newWi-Fistandard”對應(yīng)，再結(jié)合常識和語境可知答案選E項。3．解析：A根據(jù)前一句可知，根據(jù)Wi-Fi聯(lián)盟的說法，Wi-Fi是一個商標術(shù)語，用來描述基于IEEE無線通信標準802.11的設(shè)備或技術(shù)，下文表明Wi-Fi聯(lián)盟聘請了營銷公司Interbrand為它起了一個短一點的名字：Wi-Fi；由此可知，上文的那個名字又長又拗口。故A項符合語境。mouthful意為“又長又拗口的詞(或短語)”。4．解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“Therumorthat...”和“Somemembersdidn'tunderstanD．..”可推知，人們對于Wi-Fi是什么這個問題還有一些爭議，故選D。5．解析：G根據(jù)空后一句可知，作者建議不要混淆兩者；空前兩句又表述該聯(lián)盟的標簽帶來了混淆。由此可知，G項“而且，雖然該聯(lián)盟去除了這個標簽，但它帶來的困惑到現(xiàn)在仍然存在”符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自我——體育運動——快走的好處Powerwalkingisastyleofwalkingperformedatarapid，energeticpace.Thereisnospecial1.________(require)foryoutostartexceptapairofcomfortablewalkingshoes，andloveforfreshoutdoorair.Powerwalkingoffersmanybenefits.Walkingataquickpaceof4mph2.________(burn)around300caloriesperhour.3.________(consequent)，powerwalking，inadditiontoahealthydiet，helpsmanageyourweight.Also，powerwalkingdecreasestherisksofserious4.________(disease)likehighbloodpressure，heartattackandcertaintypesofcancers.Powerwalkinghelpsreducethestressassociatedwithday-to-dayliving，5.________(remove)yourselffromthebusyhomeatmosphereor6.________(stress)officeenvironmentforpowerwalkingcanleaveyourefreshedandenergetiC．Power