BEC閱讀理解真題練習(xí)TroublewithTeamwork

MaryOwenexaminestheroleandefficiencyofteams

Recruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.Indeed,toomuchofthelattermaysuggestthatthepersonconcernedisnotateamplayer-oneofthemoreseriousfailingsinthebookofmanagement.

Theimportanceofbeingateamplayerisasideeffectoftheincreasinginteractionacrossdepartmentsandfunctionaldivides.Insteadofpushingreports,paperworkanddecisionsaroundtheorganisation,teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues,saysSteveGardner,inhisbookKeyManagementConcepts.Headds,Globalisationhasaddedafurtherdimensiontoteamwork.Multinationalteamsnowstudypolicydecisionsinthelightoftheirimpactonthelocalmarket.

Butisteamworkingbeingoverdone?Somemanagersareonasmanyassevenoreightdifferentteams,saysDrCathyBandy,apsychologistwhorecentlyranaconferenceonthesubject.Theytakeupsomuchtimethatmanagerscantgetonwithcoretasks.Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.Thereisalsothedangerofanunhealthydesiretokeeptheteamgoingaftertheworkhasbeendone.Peoplefeeltheneedtobelong,andteammembershipcanprovideakindofpsychologicalsupport.

Theideabehindteamworkingisthat,whentherightgroupofpeopleisbroughttogether,aforcedevelopswhichisgreaterthanthesumoftheirindividualtalents.Thisisoftentrueinsport,wheregoodplayerscanreachunexpectedheightsasmembersofaninternationalteam.However,fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.

Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit,saysSteveGardner.Unfortunately,peoplefocusinsteadonwhothemembersoftheteamshouldbeandwhatrolestheyaretoplayDrBandyagrees.Thereisalwaysadangerthatteamscanturnintocommittees,shesays.Inalotofsituations,oneortwoindividualswouldbemuchmoreeffective.

Sowhatmakesasuccessfulteam?Therearesomegeneralqualitiesthathavebeenidentified.SteveGardnerrecommendsthatineveryteamthereshouldbesomeonewhoisgoodatresearchingideasandanotherwhoisgoodatshootingdownimpracticalones.Thereshouldbethosewhocanresolvethetensionsthatnaturallyoccurinateamandotherswhoarefocusedongettingthejobdone.Also,providingaclearandachievabletargetattheoutsetisthebestwayofensuringthattheteamwillmoveontogreaterthings.

13Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutteamworkingatthebeginningofthearticle?

AItisthemostsuccessfulformofmanagement.

BIthaschangedtherecruitmentprocedureincompanies.

CWell-runteamsstillallowindividualstodemonstratetheirtalents.

DBeingateamplayerisnowconsideredanessentialmanagementskill.

14Accordingtothearticle,teamworkdevelopedwithincompaniesasaresponseto

Amodernofficedesign.

Bchangingworkpractices.

Careductioninadministrativetasks.

Dtheexpansionofinternationalbusiness.

15Inthethirdparagraph,DrBandysuggeststhat

Amanyemployeesdonotenjoyworkinginteams.

Bsomemanagersarenotveryeffectiveteamleaders.

Csometeamsarecreatedunnecessarily.

Dfewteamsarewellorganised.

16Accordingtothewriter,teamworkismoreeffectiveinthefieldofsportbecausetheplayers

Aknowwhattheywanttoachieve.

Baremorecompetitivebynature.

Chavemoreindividualtalent.

Dcanbedrivenbynationalpride.

17SteveGardnerandDrBandyagreethatwhenabusinessteamiscreatedpeopledonotpayenoughattentionto

Athestructureoftheteam.

Balternativestotheteam.

Cselectingtheteammembers.

Ddirectingtheteamsactivities.

18WhatisSteveGardnersadviceonoperatingasuccessfulteam?

AMaintainaflexibleapproachtomembership.

BAllowpersonalitiestodevelopwithintheteam.

CSelectpeoplewhofitnaturallyintocertainroles.

DMakeeveryefforttoavoidconflictbetweenmembers.

《TroublewithTeamwork》，團(tuán)隊合作的麻煩。文章講了團(tuán)隊的重要性和許多團(tuán)隊存在的問題，以及怎么樣才能打造一個勝利有效的團(tuán)隊。

第十三題，問文章開頭針對團(tuán)隊合作做了什么論點(diǎn)。第一段是強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)隊合作的重要性，太多的個人成果會顯得這個人不是個合格的團(tuán)隊成員。選答案要理解第一句話的含義：Recruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.聘請者說能夠給出自己作為一個勝利團(tuán)隊成員的例子的候選人同那些指出重要的個人成果的人具有同樣重要的地位。言下之意，擁有團(tuán)隊成員的經(jīng)受也很重要。所以選D，作為一個團(tuán)隊成員如今被視為必要的管理技巧。A、B、C都沒有提到。

第十四題，問公司內(nèi)部的團(tuán)隊合作是作為對什么的回應(yīng)。也就是問團(tuán)隊合作的目的是什么，答案是其次段的這么一句：teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues團(tuán)隊供應(yīng)了一個動態(tài)的'會議場所，使得思想可以共享，技能可以更加認(rèn)真的對準(zhǔn)重要的商業(yè)問題。這句里的dynamicmeetingplace可以對應(yīng)于B段的changingworkpractice。

第十五題，問在第三段DrBandy示意什么。答案是她的一句原話：Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.形成團(tuán)隊然后開會成了它本身的終點(diǎn)，幾乎不管目的是什么。也就是說許多團(tuán)隊的建立是沒有意義的，多余的。選C，一些團(tuán)隊被不必要的創(chuàng)建了。

第十六題，問認(rèn)為團(tuán)隊合作在體育領(lǐng)域里更有效的緣由是什么。第四段講當(dāng)一群正確的人被組合到一起時會產(chǎn)生一種高于這些人個人力量的力氣，在體育競賽里就是如此。這一題的答案是第四段的最終一句：fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.。很少有企業(yè)能像贏得一場競賽一樣有一系列清楚的目標(biāo)，或者是對勝利或失敗有清楚的評判準(zhǔn)則。也就是A選項所說的：知道他們想要實(shí)現(xiàn)什么。whattheywanttoachieve可以對應(yīng)于asetofobjectives。

第十七題，問這兩個人同意當(dāng)一個商業(yè)團(tuán)隊被創(chuàng)立時人們沒有把留意力放在什么上面。這一題要理解第五段的意思。第一句說Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit。在企業(yè)，每個人都必需很清晰挑戰(zhàn)是什么以及團(tuán)隊是否是實(shí)現(xiàn)它的最好的方法?？紤]團(tuán)隊