Unit6NurturingnatureⅠ.閱讀理解Asanygardenerknows,naturedoesn’tneedmuchspacetogrowstrongandhealthy—giveheraninch,andshe’lltakeamile!Herearefourimpressiveexamplesofnaturereclaiming(利用)ourworldforitselfwithamazingresults.Houtouwan,ChinaItliesontheislandofShengshanTownonthefurthermostedgeofagroupofislands.Theonlywaytogetthereisbyprivateboat,orbybus,andthenbyship.Itsisolation(隔絕)wasoneoftheprimefactorsleadingtotheabandonmentofthevillageinthe1990s.Now,itswallsandstreetsbecomegreenwithovergrowth.Spreepark,GermanySpreeparkwasclosedin2001andthelocalplantlifesoongottowork.Structuresinusesincetheparkoriginallyopenedin1969werequicklycoveredbyleaves.Now,aninitiativeaimstobringthesitebacktolife.VallonedeiMulini,ItalyItshighhumidity(濕度)encouragedamicroclimateperfectforplantgrowth.Astheabandonedbuildingsfellapart,theruinsandtheirsurroundingsbecamecompletelyovergrown.Photographstakenofthesitein2006wentwidespreadonline.BengMealea,CambodiaThoughconstructedaround900yearsago,thisgrandtempleisfarlessfrequentedthanitsmorefamousneighbour,AngkorWat.In2020,itwassubmittedforconsiderationasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Naturaldecline,amongotherfactors,hascausedseriousdamagetothesite,allowingthesurroundingjungletooverrunandcombinewithit.1.WhatmainlycausedHoutouwan’sabandonment?A.Itswetclimate.B.Theovergrowthofplants.C.Itsseparatelocation.D.Theagingofwallsandstreets.2.Whichplaceoncebecamepopularonline?A.Houtouwan. B.Spreepark.C.VallonedeiMulini. D.BengMealea.3.Whatfeaturedothefourplacesshare?A.TheyareWorldHeritageSites.B.Theyarebeingtakenbackbynature.C.Theyarenearly1,000yearsold.D.Theyareregainingtheiroriginalstate.Theabilitytotrackanimalsandplantsisupintheair—literally—thankstohelpfromanunexpectedsource.Aroundtheglobe,manyairqualitymonitoringstationsfilter(過(guò)濾)airthroughsmallpaperdisksonadailyorweeklybasis,allowingscientiststoensureconcentrationsofharmfulpollutantssuchasheavymetalsarebelowcertainlevels.ButthefiltersalsopickupplantandanimalDNAhavingbeenscattered(撒播)intothewind.TheeDNA,shortforenvironmentalDNA,onthosefilterscouldmakeairqualitymonitoringstationsatreasurehouseofsamplescataloguinglocalanimalsandplants.Suchrecordscouldhelpresearcherstrackbiodiversityatalargerscaleandmoreeasilycatchspeciesdeclinesortrackhowecosystemsarechangingoverall.“We’reeffectivelycarryingonwithitforatotallynewuse,”saysElizabethClare,amolecularecologistatYorkUniversity.“Itneveroccurredtousthatthesefilterscapturingparticulate(微粒的)mattercouldevenbeanalyzedforeDNA,”saysJamesAllerton,anairqualityscientistinEngland.ThatchangedwhenAllertonreadanewsstoryabouttwostudieswherescientistsclearedanimalDNAoutofthinairattwozoos,oneinEngland—ledbyClare—andtheotherinDenmark.LearningaboutthepotentialforcapturingeDNAsparkeda“l(fā)ightbulbmoment,”Allertonsays,andhereachedouttoClaretocooperate.Clare,AllertonandcolleaguesanalyzedfiltersfromtheTeddingtonfacilitythatwereexposedtosurroundingairforonehour,onedayoroneweek.Theteamalsoexaminedeight-month-oldfiltersfromanairqualitycontrolstationinScotlandthathadeachbeenexposedtoairforaweek.Geneticmaterialinthefiltersrevealedthepresenceofmorethan180differenttypesoflocalplantandanimalgroupsincludingpinetrees,badgers,owls,fungiandnewts.Thatvolumeissurprisinggiventhatthefiltersandstorageconditionsweren’tsetupwitheDNAinmind.ThattheresearchersrecoveredsomucheDNAfromasystemdesignedtomonitorairqualityshowshowcommonairborne(空氣中的)DNAisandhowmuchbiodiversitydatacouldbeupforgrabs.4.Whatisthenewuseofairqualitymonitoringstations?A.Topurifyairbydecreasingpollutantsinit.B.Tostudythelinksbetweenmanandanimals.C.Toconcentrateoneffectsofanimalsonclimate.D.Tohelptrackthecategoriesofanimalsandplants.5.HowdidJamesAllertonreacttothetechnologyofcapturingeDNA?A.Hefeltdoubtfulandhesitanttouseit.B.Hefounditusefulbutreluctanttoadmitit.C.Hefounditunimaginablebutreadytoacceptit.D.Hefeltamazedbutrefusedtomakeanattempttotryit.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.AirborneDNAisquiteuncommoninthesystem.B.Over180typesoflivingplantshavebeendetected.C.Itisnoteasyforresearcherstocollectbiodiversitydata.D.Researchersdidn’ttakeeDNAintoaccountinthefirstplace.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AirPollutantsAreFoundinAnimalsandPlantsB.TrackingEvolutionofLivingThingsBenefitseDNAC.AirPollutionMonitoringMayHelpTrackBiodiversityD.eDNATechnologyProvesaBigSuccessinAirDetectionⅡ.完形填空(2025·江門高三一模)In2014,asophomorestudentattheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtswentwithfriendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo.Littledidheknowthatachance1attheaquarium(水族館)therewouldlightalifelongpassion.

Fast-forwardtotoday,Xu,aBeijingnative,has2tothetropicalislandofSouthChina’sHainanprovince,whereheservesasacoral3foraSanya-basedtropicalbiologicallaboratoryattachedtotheChineseAcademyofSciences.

Eachday,hespendsseveralhoursdivingdeepunderthewavestoobserveand4thegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreaturesthat5himallthoseyearsago.Xu,whoisnicknamed“coralman”,is6engagedonsuchsocialmediaplatformsasSinaWeibo,whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals.Heaimsto7individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andtheoceansasawhole.

ForXu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood,becomingacoralconservationistwasan8turnofevents.Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium,hebeganto9thelocalmarkettolearnaboutcoral10frommerchantswhoselldecorativeplants,fishandcorals.Healso11informationonline.Beforelong,hehadsetupasmallfishtankathomeandstartedcultivatingacoral.

“Thecoralorganismisquitesensitivetoitsenvironmentandhasextremelyhigh12forwaterquality,”recallsXu.“WhenIstartedgrowingcoral,itsstatewasnot13.”ButasXugainedmore14aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.Healsolearnedthatcoralreefsareknownas“tropicalrainforests”and“underwatergardens”oftheocean,providinga15foraquarterofallseacreatures.

1.A.accident B.encounterC.application D.performance2.A.moved B.drivenC.appealed D.signaled3.A.educator B.ambassadorC.artist D.conservationist4.A.approve B.increaseC.document D.smooth5.A.separated B.relievedC.preserved D.fascinated6.A.actively B.finallyC.universally D.skillfully7.A.teach B.arrangeC.encourage D.force8.A.impractical B.unexpectedC.unfortunate D.unacceptable9.A.frequent B.expandC.manage D.improve10.A.selling B.observingC.farming D.decorating11.A.answeredfor B.broughtinC.searchedfor D.gaveout12.A.requirements B.reputationsC.periods D.priorities13.A.pure B.goodC.confusing D.strict14.A.evidence B.careC.equipment D.knowledge15.A.map B.homeC.platform D.containerⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空Asthesourceofalllife,waterplaysavitalroleinChineseculture,influencingbothChinesecivilizationandphilosophy.ManyChineselegendsreflectthe1.(admire)forwaterandthespiritofbravelyfightingnaturaldisasterscausedbywater.Yu,thefirstruleroftheXiaDynasty,2.(successful)controlledthefloodsbydiggingwaterwayssothatthefloodwatercouldflowintotheseasmoothly.TheDujiangyanIrrigationSysteminSichuan,first3.(construct)in256BC,tookadvantageofthelocalnaturalfeatureswithout4.(damage)theenvironment.Additionally,water5.(give)philosophicalmeaningstohelpnurtureChinesepeopleandgovernthecountry,inspiringtheancientrulers6.(respect)thewillofpeopleandfollowthelawsofnature.Confuciusbelievedwaterhaddiverse7.(virtue)includingjustice,courageandrighteousness,so8.wassuggestedthatpeopleshouldlearnfromwaterandcultivatetheirsenseofmorality.Laozigavebirthtotheideaofovercominghardnesswithsoftnessandnon-action.Xunzicomparedarulerandhispeople9.aboatandwatertoshowtheimportanceofthepeoplein