1、Words and expressions in unit 4,1.system n. 系統(tǒng)，體系；制度 systematic adj.(有）系統(tǒng)的；有條理的 systematically adv. （有）系統(tǒng)地；有條理地 搭配：the solar system 太陽系 a railway system 鐵路系統(tǒng)government systems 政府體系 the capitalist system 資本主義制度 The computer system broke down. 計算機系統(tǒng)癱瘓了。 The teacher has a special system of teaching. 這位

2、老師教學(xué)方法很獨特。,2.theory n. 學(xué)說；理論 Darwins theory of evolution 達爾文進化論 The theory of relativity 相對論 反義：practice 實踐 Einstein put forward his new theory of relativity.,3.violent (adj.) 猛烈的；激烈的；,猛烈的進攻 通過暴力 極度痛苦,(adv.) 猛烈地；激烈地； (n.) 猛烈；激烈；暴力；,船在海上強烈的風(fēng)暴中沉沒。 The boat sank in a _ _ at sea.,violent,storm,violently

3、,a violent attack,by violence,violent pain,violence,4. in time: (sooner or later; eventually; )遲早,終于 Ill see him in time. 總有一天我會遇見他。 in time (for sth. /to do sth.): not late及時 She will be back in time to prepare dinner.她來得及回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。,與time相關(guān)的短語: on time 按時;準(zhǔn)時 at one time 從前 for the time being 暫時 from t

4、ime to time 不時地,in no time 立刻,馬上 at times 有時 at a time 每次;依次 once upon a time 從前,5.unlike prep. 不同；不像 unlike him, his son is tall. adj. 不同的 The sisters are quite unlike. unlikely adv. 未必得，不見得的 注意與 dislike “不喜歡”區(qū)分開來。,6.harmful (adj.),有害的,harmless,反義詞,harm (n. laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain C. lied; la

5、id; lain D. lied; lay; laid,D,8.exist vi. 存在；生存 existent adj. 存在的；生存的 existence n. 存在；生存 搭配：exist in 存在于之中 exist on 靠為生（=live on) exist by 靠生存 They cant exist on the money he is earning. The idea exists only in the minds of poets. in existence 現(xiàn)存的 come into existence=come into being 開始存在、成立 When did

6、 this world come into existence?,9.give birth to 1) 生（孩子） Shes just given birth to a healthy baby girl. 她剛剛生了個健康的女嬰。 2) 產(chǎn)生 The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel. 這段奇特的經(jīng)歷促成了他的最新的一部小說的誕生。,10.in ones turn 輪到某人 Its in your turn to read the passge. He cooked the meal in his turn thi

7、s week. in turn 依次、輪流 Please enter the room in turn. by turns 輪流 We kept watch by turns . 我們輪流守望。,11.prevent sth. / sb. (from) doing sth. 制止(防止)某人(某物)做某事 Nothing can prevent this plan from being carried out.,阻止某人做某事 prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from) doing sth., keep sb from doing sth 注意：

8、keep sb. from doing sth.中from不可省略,但如在被動語態(tài)中,他們中的from都不可省。,12.puzzle n 迷，難題 v (使) 迷惑；（使）為難 Can you figure out this puzzle? 你能找到謎底嗎？ His behavior yesterday puzzled me . 他昨天的行為使我迷惑。,puzzled adj puzzling adj puzzlement n. in puzzlement,困惑的 迷惑的 令人困惑的 困惑 疑慮 疑惑地,He answered the_ question with a_ look_.,puzz

9、ling,puzzled,in puzzlement,13.pull n.(c)拉力;牽引力;扯引力 If we want to make a trip into space, we must escape the pull of gravity. 2)（對他人的）影響，影響力 She has a lot of pull in that company. 3) 吸引力（常用單數(shù)） The tides depend on the pull of the moon. 4) 拉，牽，扯（反義詞：push) Help me move this piano; you pull and Ill push.

10、,14.cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮 We cheered up at the news. cheer v. 加油，歡呼，喝彩 The people cheered the football team. cheerful adj. cheerfully adv cheerfulness,1. 既然你忙, 就讓我給你做吧。 Now that you are busy, let me do it for you. 2. 既然人都齊了, 咱們開始干吧。 Now that everyone is here lets start work,15.now that同since相似，語氣較弱，強調(diào)人

11、們已知的事實。,16.break out它與happen, take place, come out等詞的用法一樣，是不及物動詞，不能帶賓語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。,1) 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā) The American Civil War broke out in 1861. 美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1861年。 2)發(fā)生 爭吵 A quarrel broke out between them. 他們之間發(fā)生了爭吵。,3) (火災(zāi))發(fā)生 Afirebrokeoutinhishouselastnight. 昨晚他家里失火了。,考點 break out 通常指戰(zhàn)爭、疾病、災(zāi)害等的爆發(fā)。不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。,考

12、例 I was still sleeping when the fire _, and then it spread quickly. (廣東2006) A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out 點撥 put out 撲滅；come out出來, 出版；get out（使）出來。由it spread quickly（火迅速蔓延）可知選A。,與break相關(guān)的短語: break down （機器）出故障，損壞；分解，起化學(xué)變化；破壞；拆散 break in 破門而入; 打斷,break away from 脫離; 打破陳規(guī),break through 突圍; 突破; 沖垮; 克服 break up 打碎; 拆散; 分裂; 分解 break ones word/promise 食言; 說話不算數(shù),Now that,now that 既然，和since相當(dāng)，有時候that會省略。 Now that everyone is here, lets begin our class. Now that you have got such a chance, you might as well (不妨，最好)make good use of it.,17.watch out 注意，留神，小心 Watch out! There is a car