—usedasanadjectiveoradverbGrammarandusageedverb1.只有一種形式(規(guī)則+ed;不規(guī)則要記)3.有動詞和形容詞,副詞的性質2.表被動(vt.)或完成(vt.&vi.)過去分詞Features:PastParticiple4.stand/sit/lie+v-ed---表兩個動作同時發(fā)生.

Theystoodtalkingtoeachother.Fortunately,shejustlaytrappedunderthebuilding.1.作定語3.作表語2.作賓補過去分詞Usage:4.作狀語1.過去分詞作定語1.Mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartywerefamousscientists.=Mostofthepeoplewhowereinvitedtothepartywerefamousscientists.2.IfIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbaby.=IfIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveababywhoiscloned.過去分詞作定語時，它和被修飾的詞是邏輯上的被動關系，相當于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句。

Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.Ithinkthescientificadvancesmentioned

inyourarticleareinteresting.單個分詞作定語時，放在所修飾詞之前；分詞短語則放在之后。thehighlypraisedscientistthefallenleaves

thecompletedbuilding

=thescientistwhohasbeenhighlypraised=theleavesthathavefallen=thebuildingthathasbeencompleted多數(shù)情況下,及物動詞的過去分詞可以表示完成和被動含義；不及物的過去分詞則表示完成。在禮堂里做演講的教授在田間勞作的農民持續(xù)半個小時的會議朝街的大樓theprofessorgivingaspeechinthehallthefarmersworkinginthefieldthemeetinglastinghalfanhourthebuildingfacingthestreet現(xiàn)在分詞表主動,表正在進行2.過去分詞作表語1.Tomsoundsverymuch_____inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.A.interestedB.interesting2.Heseemsquitedelightedatthenews.3.Theglassisbroken.(系表結構)

表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。很多過去分詞已完全具備形容詞的特征。Adelighting令人高興的-delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的-encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的satisfying令人滿意的-satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的-surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔心的-worried感到擔心的tiring令人疲倦的-tired感到疲倦的boring令人厭煩的-bored感到厭煩的試比較:Inoticedan__________(amaze)difference.Iwas__________(amaze)atthegreatdifferences.但:1)Her__________(frighten)voicesuggestedshewas__________(frighten).2)Weknewfromhis___________(disappoint)lookthathedidn’tpassthetest.2.Canyoutellmewhythe______sunlooksmuchbiggerthanthe______sun?(rise)3.The___________newsmadeher_______.(upset)4.Theboywasmore__________(frighten)than________(hurt).amazingamazedfrightenedfrighteneddisappointedrisingrisenupsettingupsetfrightenedhurt3.過去分詞作賓補1.Hefelthisfacelostbeforehisfriends.MyfamilyheardmypoembroadcastbytheBBC.Iwantthisworkfinishedbytomorrow.Willyoupleasemakeyourselfknowntous,please?Youshouldkeeptheminformedofwhatisgoingonhere.Iwillnevergetallthisworkfinished.

Tips:過去分詞作賓補常用于以下情況：1.用在表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)詞語:feel,hear,see,notice,observe,watch等。2.使役動詞的詞語：leave,make,get,have,keep等。4.過去分詞作狀語1.Tiredafterthetrip,hesoonfellasleep.2.Givenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.3.Lostinthought,healmostranintoacar.4.Theteachercamein,followedbysomestudents.5.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeagarden.原因狀語原因狀語條件狀語時間狀語伴隨狀語1.Tiredafterthetrip,hesoonfellasleep.＝Becausehewastiredafterthetrip,hesoonfellasleep.2.Givenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.=IfIhadbeengivenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.3.Lostinthought,healmostranintoacar.4.Theteachercamein,followedbysomestudents.=Theteachercameinandhewasfollowedbysomestudents.5.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeagarden.=Whenthecityisseenfromthehill,itlookslikeagarden.=Becausehewaslostinthought,healmostranintoacar.Hewillnotcomeunlessinvited.

Thoughtoldtostop,hekeptonwalking.I’mdoingmyhomeworkasrequested.

過去分詞作狀語時，前面常有unless,when,if,while,though,asif等連詞，這樣就能使過去分詞短語所表示的意思更加明確。(作條件狀語)(作讓步狀語)(作方式狀語)Allofthesesubjectarethesameasthoseinthemainclause.Ifitisnotthesame,weshoulduse

“邏輯主語+過去分詞”構成的獨立結構Thehousedestroyed,they

had

tolive

intheshelter.Abook

in

hand,hewentintotheclassroom.=Hewentintotheclassroomwithabookinhishand.1.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.2.Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.3.Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,making

theairdirty.4.Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.5.Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.規(guī)律(一):分詞:現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動和進行；過去分詞表示被動和完成。▲分詞作狀語時,無論主動還是被動形式,分詞動作的邏輯主語和主句的主語應該保持一致規(guī)律(二):當v-ing形式作狀語時，要考慮時態(tài)與語態(tài)若它所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，需用havingdone,如果表被動則用havingbeendoneExerciseCanyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb-edform?(1)Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.(2)Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.(3)Thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen.Canyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb-edform?

(1)Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.

(2)Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.(3)Thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen.

Thekidnapperswereusingastolencar.

Thedark-hairedmanwentintotheroom.4.Themanwhowasdark-hairedwentintotheroom.(5)Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.Thenamementionedintheletter

wasknowntome.(6)Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.

Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.

(7)Frightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.Becauseshewasfrightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.(8)Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(9)Unlessinvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.UnlessIaminvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.鏈接高考1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.（2000全國）A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout

2.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.GivenB.TogiveC.

GivingD.Havinggiven3.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbymyboss.（04全國IV）

questioning B.havequestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned4.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You'vehadit____oftenenough.（05天津卷）explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.（02全國）

Ａ．BeginsＢ．havingbegunＣ．BeginningＤ．begun

6.________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice(05江蘇卷)HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing7.______inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（05湖南卷）DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed8.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents

.（04重慶）worried B.toworry C.worrying D.worry9.______intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.（05上海卷）PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput10.___withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.（04湖北）A．CompareB．Whencomparing

C．ComparingD．Whencompared11.___bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.（04遼寧）A．Attracting B．Attracted C．TobeattractedD．Havingattracted12.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（04全國II）A.introducing B.introduced C.IntroduceD.beingintroduced13.____andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.(2006全國)

A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.TobesurprisingConsolidation

I.Multiplechoice:---What’sthelanguage_______in

NewZealand?---English.speaking

B.spoken

C.bespoken

D.tospeak2.Thecar_______inGduced

B.producingC.toproduce

D.whichproduced3.---You’dbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_____.It’stoodirty.---Thanks.Iwill.towash

B.washed

C.washing

D.wash4.YesterdayIheardastory_______bymyfriend.told

B.telling

C.totell

D.tell5.Generallyspeaking,when_____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.taking B.takenC.totake D.tobetaken6.Thefirsttextbooks__forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.havingbeenwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwritten D.written7.Isthisthewatchyouwish_____?tohaverepaired