1、Parallelism平行結(jié)構(gòu),I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi I have a dream. I have a dream today I have a dream that one day I have a dream today I have dream that one day -Dr.Martin L

2、uther King -I have a dream,General Function,make the speech effective and forceful makethespeechclearandlogical makethespeechmorerhythmical andemotional,Content of parallelism,Definition Usages Function contract,Definition,Aparallelismisafigureofspeech thatusessimilarstructuresin separatesentencesto

3、expressrelatedideasandwithwhichthesentenceisemphaticandforceful.Inparallel structureitisnecessarytobalance wordforword,phraseforphrase, clauseforclauseandsentencefor sentence.,平行結(jié)構(gòu)就是把結(jié)構(gòu)相同、意義并重、語氣一致的詞或詞組或句子排列成串，形成一個整體。其特點是：結(jié)構(gòu)上整齊勻稱，讀起來鏗鏘有力,Parallelism, by clarifying the relationship between a writers

4、ideas, or between parts of a single idea, has a rhetorical effect. It is the component of literary style, in which coordinate single ideas are arranged in phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that balance one element with another of equal importance and similar wording. -from book,In a parallel constr

5、uction it is necessary to balance word with word, phrase with phrase, clause with clause, sentences with sentences. That is to say, the general rhetorical principle of parallelism is: similar ideas are expressed by similar grammatical forms. -from book,usages,A series of words A group of phrases A r

6、ow of clauses A set of sentences,A series of words,They waited four hours at the airport, reading and sleeping. (action) The young actor was tall, dark, and handsome. Galileo studied, thought, and experimented. -from book AnEnglishmanthinksseated;aFrenchman, standing;anAmerican,pacing;anIrishman, af

7、terward.(OMalley)英國人坐著想，法國人站著想，美國人走著想，愛爾蘭人事后想。,A group of phrases,She traveled by land, by sea, and by air. To support his family and to put himself through college, he worked several hours a day. Buying a car and beginning her job were the next steps in her life. -from book Studiesservefordelight,f

8、orornament,andfor ability.(FrancisBacon:OfStudies)讀書足以怡情，足以博采，足以長才。,A row of clauses,A teacher who spends time with his students and who thoughtfully answers their questions will be respected and loved. If you write or if you telephone, wait for two weeks until I return from China. -from book,A set

9、of sentences,There is no reason for us to be enemies. Neither of us seeks the territory of the other; neither of us seeks domination over the other; neither of us seeks to stretch out our hands and rule the world. -from book Wewillneverparley.WewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgang.(W.S.Churchi

10、ll)我們決不談判，我們決不與希特勒或者他的任何幫兇協(xié)商。,function,Parallelism serves to be one of the means to achieve coherence in a sentences and often results in linguistic brevity, structural balance, and pleasant rhythm. If a writer developed the habit of frequently expressing himself in terms of parallel form, s/he would take a major step toward producing effective essays.,contract,Repetition: Its the profit now, not the product. Half the time, we cheat the foremen, the foremen cheat the management, the management cheats the customer. And the customer are we