1、7/9/2020,歡迎來到冬瓜老師課堂,Subjunctive Mood 虛擬語氣,用來表示說的話不是事實， 或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況， 而是一種愿望，建議，假設的 語氣叫虛擬語氣。,Part 1 在非真實條件狀語從句中 If , 。 1. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反： If + 主語 +_ , 主語+ _ _ . If I _ time now, I _ with you. (have, go),had,would go,did/were,would/should/could/,might do,2. 與過去事實相反： If +主語+_, 主語+ _ _ . If I _ hard, I _ in the

2、 exam. (not study, fail),had not studied,would have failed,had done,would/should/could,/might have done,3. 與將來事實相反： If 主語 + , 主語+ _ sth. 1.If I _ live long enough to have a job, I _ to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients. (choose) 2.If there _ another flood, he _ his mistake. (realize),did/were

3、 should do were to do,would /should/could/might do,were to/should,would choose,should be,might realize,用法歸納:,虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法,主從 句,構(gòu) 成,時態(tài),虛擬條件 從句(if ),主 句,與現(xiàn)在事實相反的 假設,與過去事實相反的 假設,If + 主語 + did (be用 were),主語 + would/ should/could/ might +do,If + 主語 + had done,主語 + would/ should/could/ might have done,

4、主從 句,構(gòu) 成,虛擬條件從句(if),主 句,與將來情況相反的 假設,If + 主語 + did If + 主語 +were to do If + 主語 + should do,主語 + would/ should/ could/ might do,時態(tài),Fill in the blanks with proper forms: 1. If I _ (have) more time,I_ (learn)another foreign language. 2. If he _ (be) here now , he_ (show) us how to perform the experiment

5、. 3. If I _ (receive) your e mail then, I _ it . (answer),had,would learn,were,would show,had received,would have answered,Practice,5. If I _ (tell) him tonight, he _ (be) greatly surprised. 6. I _ (ask) him to ring you up if I _ (see) him. 7. If you _ (get) back next week, we _ (go) camping togethe

6、r.,told/were to tell /should tell,would be,would ask,saw / should see / were to see,got/should get /were to tell,would go,1. 錯綜時間條件句,If you had listened to me, you wouldnt be in such trouble now. If the doctor had come in time, Amy would still be alive. If he had received six more votes, he would be

7、 our chairman now.,幾種特殊情況,2. If 可能被省略,從句要倒裝,Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you.,

8、3.不含條件從句, 但有條件假設意義,Without your help, I couldnt have achieved all this. ( If it hadnt been for your help) 2.But for his pension, he would starve. ( If it were not for his pension),1Without examinations，students today _ (live) a much happier life. 2.I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I _ (come) to he

9、lp you. 3.He_ (succeed), but he was too careless. Note : 有時不用條件狀語從句, 而用介詞短語, or, otherwise 或but 引導的并列句等來表示某種假設的情況, 叫做含蓄條件句。,would live,would have come,could have succeeded,1 If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week. A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought 2 If we were to

10、be 200 years old, we _ everything. A will change B can change C could change D changed 3 If you _ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A didnt see B havent seen C wouldnt seen D hadnt seen,4 You are late. If you _ a little minutes earlier, you _ him. A came, would meet B had come, w

11、ould have met 5 But for the storm, we _ a pleasant journey. A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 _ earlier, I could have done something. A Have I been informed B Had I been informed C I had been informed,7 _ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A If were I B I were C W

12、ere I D Was I 8 Without the computer, the problem _ in such a short time. A couldnt be solved B wouldnt have solved C couldnt have been solved 9 Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A will be B would be C is,Wish,In Subjunctive mood,Part2,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I we

13、re a butterfly.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.,1)as if / as though,as if / as though + past subjunctive,Part 3,He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.,在 command, order , require ,demand, request, insist, propose, suggest等動詞后面的賓語從句，要用虛擬語氣，其

14、謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting. We insisted that they (should) go with us.,記?。篿nsist / suggest 各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣 Insist 表示“堅決要求”時，用虛擬形式，即 should + do; Insist 表示“堅稱，堅持說”時，用陳述語氣，表示事實。 Suggest 表示“建議”時，用虛擬形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”時，用陳述語氣。,1.He suggested that we _ it at once.(do)

15、 2.His pale face suggested that he _ ill. (be) 3.We insisted that the meeting _ off.( put) 4.Mike insisted that he _ nothing.(steal),should do,was,should be put,stole,虛擬語氣用于表語從句，同位語從句中。 名詞advice, order, demand, proposal, command, requirement, insistence,suggestion, request等的表語從句和同位語從句要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞的構(gòu)成

16、是(should) +動詞原形 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for our summer vocation.,.在主語從句中，謂語動詞可以用虛擬語氣表示驚奇，不相信，惋惜，理應如此等主觀的情感,其謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。 1.It is important that we (should) clean the room every day. (necessary, natural, strange,etc. ) 2.It is a pity that you (should) be

17、 so careless. (a shame, no wonder, etc.) 3.It is suggested that Miss Liu (should) give a performance at the party.( decided, ordered, requested, proposed,etc),It is (high) time that did/should do （should不可省） It is time that we left school. would rather that did/had done I would rather Tom played wit

18、h me. -Can I smoke here? -Id rather you didnt.,I would rather he painted it blue. I would rather you had gone there.,. If only 意為：若是.那該多好啊; 真希望.; 只要, 只要.就好 If only I had arrived in time! If only she didnt drive so fast.,If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice,1.If it _(rain) tomorrow,we _ (not go out). 2._(be) I in good health, I _ (go) with you tomorrow.,rained/shoul