Grammar—theSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣IftheGod________________________(give)meanotherchance，I_____________(tell)thegirlthreewords:Iloveher!Ifourlove_________(haveto)besetatimelimit,Iwishit___________(be)10,000years!

should/weretogive/gavewouldtellhadtowouldbeHavefun如果上天能夠給我一個(gè)再來一次的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)對(duì)那個(gè)女孩子說三個(gè)字：我愛你。如果非要在這份愛上加上一個(gè)期限，我希望是--一萬年!

Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陳述語氣祈使語氣虛擬語氣一、

陳述語氣用來陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一個(gè)看法。有肯定，否定，疑問或感嘆等形式。Theydidn’twatchfireworksyesterdayevening.WhatcanIdoforyou?HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!二、祈使語氣

用來表示說話人的請(qǐng)求，命令或勸告等。動(dòng)詞要用原形，其否定式在動(dòng)詞前加donot.

Letmehaveatry.Don’tbelateagain.Don’tsayitinChinese.SayitinEnglish.Let’sgoandplaybasketball.三虛擬語氣

(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示說話人所說的話不是事實(shí),而是一種假設(shè),愿望,懷疑或推測(cè).虛擬語氣主要用于if條件狀語從句,也可用于名詞性從句等.if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句條件句表示主句的條件,分真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句

表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語氣。b.虛擬條件句表示條件是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語氣。2023/1/111.IfIhad

money,I

wouldbuildaschoolforthesepoorchildren.2.IfIwere

you,Iwouldforgive

him.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemade

thismistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,hewouldhavemadethingsworse.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn’tgo

shopping.6.Ithinkwecouldfinish

thework,ifweplanneditproperly.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.與未來事實(shí)相反

與現(xiàn)在相反與過去相反與將來相反If從句主句did（be用were)had+donedid（be用were)wereto+doshould+doWould＋do(should/could/might)Would+doshould/could/mightWould＋have+

done(should/could/might)Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.

IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.IfIwonthelottery

now,

Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去事實(shí)相反將來事實(shí)相反

Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.

A.wouldmeet

B.wouldhadmet

C.wouldhavemet

D.wouldhavemeet高手過招______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.

A.Was B.Hadbeen

C.Willbe D.Were

ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.

A.rainB.rains

C.hadrainedD.weretorain

a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it

________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________

(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldaska.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________

(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegoneTESTYOURSELF1.IfI______moretime,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.A.hadB.hadhadC.HavehadD.wouldhave

2.IfIhadknownthat,I_______so.wouldn’tdoB.wouldn’thavedoneC.Won’tdoD.havenotdoneBBIfI____you,Iwouldn’treturnthecall.beB.amC.wasD.were

Da.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________

(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________

(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________

(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbeIfit________tomorrow,whatwouldwedo?A.rainsB.WeretorainC.wouldrainD.rain2.Ifitshouldrain,I_______gotheretomorrow.A.willB.WouldnotC.won’tD.WouldnothaveTestBB用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.IfI＿

(be)you,Iwouldaskourteacherforadvice.2.Ifit＿(be)finetomorrow,weshouldgoforaswim.3.IfIwereyou,I＿

(accept)hisoffer.4.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthere＿(be)nolightduringthedays?5.IfMissGreen＿(come)latetomorrow,whowouldtakeherplace?Homeworkwerewerewouldacceptwerecame倒裝的If虛擬句虛擬語氣3、省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were,had

或should

時(shí)，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

Were

Itomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語氣在在條件從句中Hadyoucomeafew….二、省略if的條件從句IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…

Should

hefailintheexperiment…二、省略if的條件從句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.

HadIfollowedyouradvice,…2、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的,但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間,這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動(dòng)詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過去)。2.

IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。三without和butfor，otherwise構(gòu)成含蓄虛擬(butfor要不是)

without(沒有)butfor(要不是)otherwise

Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.We'llgoearlier,otherwisewemightnotgetaseat.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________allright.

A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen

1.Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there___nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow,we___earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。即假設(shè)條件從句謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動(dòng)詞不一致。主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)各自的時(shí)間而定。*近幾年各類考試中常見的試題類型：IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnow

insomepartsofthiscountry______soserious.A.wouldn’tbeB.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeenD.wouldhavenotbeenA

如果你采納了我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生，四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears’time.二、虛擬語氣特殊句型：

wish

+賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí)(did/were)過去完成時(shí)(haddone)would/could/might+V.shouldIwishIwereabird.(現(xiàn)在)IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(過去)Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(未來)1.IwishI______abirdAisBwereCwillbeDare2.HowIwishthatI___themoonsometimeinthefuture.AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit

三.一個(gè)堅(jiān)持兩個(gè)命令四個(gè)建議四個(gè)要求

注：以上動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用于同位語從句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞也是用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”

insist

order,commandadvise,suggest,propose，recommenddemand,require,request,urgesuggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist表示”堅(jiān)持說“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語氣。一個(gè)堅(jiān)持兩個(gè)命令四個(gè)建議四個(gè)要求

注：以上動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用于同位語從句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞也是用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”

insist

order,commandadvise,suggest,propose，recommenddemand,require,request,urge考題點(diǎn)擊Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantryIadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould3.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthathe___ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis4.Heinsistshe______right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is5Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished6.Thecommanderorderedthatwe_____work.A.mustfinishB.finishedC.shouldfinishD.couldfinish7.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.

A.notwent

B.won'tgo

C.notgo

D.nottogo

用于表語、同位語、主語從句在suggestion/proposal/order//advice/request/demand等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中

要用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略．2.Itissuggested/ordered/requested/proposed/demandedthat從句…從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should

可以省略Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting______.A.shouldbeputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoffD.istoputoffIwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.

A.hadhadB.havehad

C.hadD.wouldhavehad

Hesuggestedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.

A.shouldB.would

C.doD.had

五、虛擬語氣在其他從句中Itis(high/about)timethat…“到做----的時(shí)間了.”注意:should不能省略．過去時(shí)should+V原.我們?cè)撊ニX了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.15.Itishightimethechild______tothehospital.

A.issent

B.wouldbesent

C.mustbesent

D.weresent

2.Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句“要是．．．該有多好啊”IfonlyI_______(ask)thequestionnowIfonlyI__________(see)thefilmyesterday!askedhadseen

It’shightimethey____________thisroad.A.mend B.mended C.musthavemended D.willmend

IfonlyI________drivingbefore.A.hadlearnedB.learned C.learn D.wouldlearn

1.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去時(shí)Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.4.asif/though+

從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Helooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.高考沖刺3.Ifhe

myadvice,hewouldn‘thavelosthisjob.(2010,天津)

A.followed B.shouldfollow

C.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow

4.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010,重慶)

A.shouldtellB.tells

C.toldD.hadtold5.Ifwe___theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.

(2010,陜西)

A.takeB.hadtaken

C.tookD.havetaken

6.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy

.

(2010,浙江)

A.wouldhavebeensaved B.hadbeensaved

C.willbesaved D.wassavedWeareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting______.A.shouldbeputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoffD.istoputoff判斷是否虛擬2.判斷虛擬類型3.判斷虛擬時(shí)間Pass!虛擬語氣應(yīng)試對(duì)策1.Shesaysshe’dratherhe____tomorrowinsteadoftoday.A.hadB.shouldleaveC.leavesD.left2.It’salready5o’clocknow.