1、Unit 2 BRIDGING CULTURESPart 3 Using languageLearning objectivesAfter this lesson, you will be able to 1.Understand the opinions of two parents about studying abroad and the reasons.2. Analyze the structure and language feature of an argumentative letter.3. Write your own argumentative article on st

2、udying abroad.4. Employ some connectors and sentence patterns to perfect your writing. Lead-in My niece Alice has been in a dilemma of whether to study abroad or enter a university at home. Could you give her some advice?Shall I study abroad or at home?(圖片來自網(wǎng)絡(luò))Lead-in Is it a good idea or a bad idea

3、 to study abroad?It is a fact that in the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad. Do you think its necessary to study abroad? Why or why not? AdvantagesDisadvantagesgain a good educationsee a bigger worldmake some foreign friendsimprove language

4、skillsHow about the parents opinions on studying abroad?come across “culture shock”suffer from homesicknesshave great economic pressure Results from a survey.Read the passage quickly and get the general idea of the passage.1.Whats the main idea of the passage on P20?A.The advantages of studying abro

5、ad.B.The disadvantages of studying abroad.C.The advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad.D.The disadvantages of studying abroad outweigh the advantages.語(yǔ) 篇 理 解精讀精練 萃取文本精華2.Read Wang Lis letter and match the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1A.Suffering from culture shock.Para.2 B.Thinking car

6、efully about studying abroad.Para.3 C.More disadvantages than advantages.Para.4 D.Great economic pressure.Para.5 E.Benefits of studying at home.3.Read Zhang Yis letter and match the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 A.To develop our country.Para.2 B.More cultural exchange.Para.3 C.Studying abroad i

7、s worthwhile.Para.4 D.Studying abroad has greater advantages.Para.5 E.Studying abroad is personal growth.Read the passage on P20 carefully and choose the best answer.1.According to Wang Li， in the number of people studying abroad.A.there is a big and sudden increaseB.there is a slight increaseC.ther

8、e will be a big and sudden increaseD.there is a big and sudden drop2.How many kinds of pressure are mentioned about studying abroad?A.3 B.4 C.5 D.63.As for the benefits of studying in China，which of the following is NOT mentioned by Wang Li?A.A greater future.B.More universities.C.More convenient an

9、d cheaper.D.More facilities and professors.4.How does studying abroad benefit peoples personal growth?A.They will get a stricter education.B.They will be more independent.C.They receive much help to deal with difficulties.D.They can do whatever they want by themselves.5.Why does studying abroad prod

10、uce an increased chance for cultural exchange?A.Chinese students are seen as diligent and intelligent.B.It will offer people more insight into their own culture.C.People from different cultures neednt learn from each other.D.People from diverse cultures view the world from the same angle.6.China nee

11、ds the following talented young people for its global outlook EXCEPT those who .A.with a global perspectiveB.with strong cultural awarenessC.are pessimistic about their futureD.are competent with languages and have leadership and organisational skills返 回A local newspaper has invited parents to share

12、 their opinions about studying abroad. Skim the passage and answer:What is the text type? What are the typical symbols of a letter?Read for text typeLetter.Read for text typeSalutation(稱呼)Main bodyComplimentary closeSignatureA local newspaper has invited parents to share their opinions about studyin

13、g abroad. Skim the passage and answer:1. What is the genre（體裁）of the two letters? 2. Who are the writers? 3. What topic are they talking about?Read for basic informationThe two letters are both _ letters.Letter 1 is written by _; Letter 2 is written by _.Both the two letters are talking about _.Wang

14、 Li (mother of twin girls)Zhang Yi (father of one boy)argumentativeRead for basic informationwhether it is good to study abroad Structure for an argumentationRead for structureOpinionSupporting reasonsConclusionRead the following two letters in 5 mins and try to find out the required information in

15、the following forms.ParagraphArgument chainLetter 1 (Body part)Letter 2 (Body part)1Introducing the topicIt starts with a _It starts with a _Opinion2Reason 1 3Reason 24Reason 3 5ConclusionRead for contentTip: Focus on the first sentence of each paragraph.ParagraphArgument chainLetter 1 (Body part)1I

16、ntroducing the topicIt starts with a _: Opinion_, 2Reason 1 _,3Reason 2_ 4Reason 3 A final point to consider is that 5Conclusion_, Letter 1(Body part)factI thinkTo begin withAnother important factor to consider isTo sum up In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of

17、people studying abroad.the disadvantages are greater. great economic pressure. the tremendous pressure: unfamiliar environment or personal safety, etc. a great future for young people studying in China. studying abroad has its disadvantages.ParagraphArgument chainLetter 2 (Body part)1Introducing the

18、 topic It start with a_ : Opinion_,2Reason 1 _3Reason 2Another advantage is 4Reason 3 _, 5Conclusion_, Letter 2 (Body part)questionIn my opinionThe first advantage is thatFinallyAll in allIs studying abroad a good idea or not?the advantages are much greater it is personal growth. the incresed chance

19、 for cultural exchange. it provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. this life-changing experience is worthwhile, How to write an argumentative letter?Opinionreason 1reason 2reason 3ConclusionPara1 IntroductionPara2-4 BodyPara 5 Conclusiondetailsdetailsdetails2

20、3A question/factStart with a question or a factstate an opinionGive reasons and evidence to support an opinionDraw a conclusionconnectors 銜接詞Start with a fact or questionState your opinionState a conclusionGive supporting reasons and evidence Underline the connectors in the two letters.Read for lang

21、uage as a result besides for instance that is to say1 Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents budget. They should think about whether they can afford the costs of studying overseas.2 Studying abroad can put great pressure on young people. They may feel lonely and miss their fam

22、ilies.3 Studying abroad will give students a good education. It also helps them to gain a global perspective.4 Global development strategies help to make connections between China and the rest of the world. Young people with language kills and strong cultural awareness are needed.1. Students who wan

23、t to study abroad must consider their parents budget. That is to say, they should think about whether they can afford the costs of studying overseas.2. Studying abroad can put great pressure on young people. For instance, they may feel lonely and miss their families.3. Studying abroad will give stud

24、ents a good education. Besides, it also helps them to gain a global perspective.4. Global development strategies help to make connections betweenChina and the rest of the world. As a result, young people with language kills and strong cultural awareness are needed.What do you think are the effects o

25、f using connectors?Read the letters again and then use the connectors in the boxto rewrite the sentences below. Use connectorsWhen you write an argumentative piece, use connecting phrases to lead readers through your process of reasoning. Good logical connectors will help the readers understand your

26、 point of view.Expressing opinionConnectors Point of view(觀點(diǎn))in my opinion,I think, Summary(總結(jié))all in allRestating(重述)that is to sayExpressing reasons or evidenceConnectors Listing (列舉)to bigin with,Cause & effect (因果)becauseGiving examples (舉例)for exampleas far as I know, personally; as far as I am

27、 concernedto sum up; in short; in conclusion; in summary;in brief; to put it in a nutshellin other words; that meanswhats more; besides; moreover; in addition; furthermore; similarlyas; so; thus; owing to; due to; thanks to; hence; therefore; as a result for instance; such as, namely; in this caseCa

28、n you speak out more conncectors with different functions? FunctionsConnectors Comparison(比較)Contrast(對(duì)照)Concession(讓步)Emphasis(強(qiáng)調(diào))similarly; equally; in comparisonin contrast; on the other hand; however; nevertheless; on the contrary; whilealthough; though; after all; in spite of; provided; above a

29、ll; as a matter of fact; in particular; undoubtedly; absolutely; most importantlyFunctionsConnectors Comparison (比較)Contrast (對(duì)照)Concession (讓步)Emphasis (強(qiáng)調(diào))similarly; equally; in comparisonin contrast; on the other hand; however; nevertheless; on the contrary; whilealthough; though; after all; in s

30、pite of; provided thatabove all; as a matter of fact; in particular; undoubtedly; absolutely; most importantlyCan you speak out more conncectors with different functions? 1. Which parent would you probably side with? Why?I would probably side with Zhang Yi. Yes, there are possible disadvantages with

31、 studying abroad, but Chinese students are smart and strong enough to overcome these. Meanwhile, the rewards for studying abroad are much greater than any of the disadvantages.Post-readingI would probably side with Wang Li. In my pioint of view, studying abroad may bring about risks in personal secu

32、rity. In addition, it costs a lot more both in economy as well as in dealing with phychological stresses.1.狀語(yǔ)從句的省略Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock .在學(xué)習(xí)如何在新環(huán)境中舉止得體時(shí)，有些人可能會(huì)感到吃力，并承受文化沖擊的折磨。2.that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句To sum up，one cannot deny the fact .總之，出國(guó)留學(xué)有不利的一面，這個(gè)事實(shí)是不可否認(rèn)的when learning how to behav

33、ein new surroundingsthat studying abroad has itsdisadvantages經(jīng)典句式3.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ) also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence.出國(guó)留學(xué)也有助于你獲得全球視野，提高你的綜合能力。返 回Studying abroadThe advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad.這位顧問談到出國(guó)留學(xué)時(shí)要保持合理

34、的期望。1expectation n.期望；預(yù)期；期待meet/answer/come to/live up to ones expectations不負(fù)某人所望beyond (ones) expectations出乎(某人)意料地expect v.期待；期望；預(yù)計(jì)expect (sb. ) to do.期待(某人)做expect that.預(yù)料；預(yù)計(jì)expect sth. of/from sb. 期待得到某人的某物expected adj.預(yù)料的；預(yù)期的重點(diǎn)詞匯互 動(dòng) 探 究探究重點(diǎn) 互動(dòng)撞擊思維(1)He turned out to be very successful，which was

35、 beyond our expectations.結(jié)果他很成功，這超出了我們的期望。(2)According to the weather forecast，a heavy rain is (expect) tomorrow morning.根據(jù)天氣預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)計(jì)明天上午會(huì)有一場(chǎng)大雨。(3)The global population is expected (grow) to 9.6 billion by 2050.預(yù)計(jì)到2050年，全球人口將增長(zhǎng)到96億。expectedto growWho will be the successful applicant for the summer job

36、atthe law firm？誰(shuí)將是律師事務(wù)所暑期工作的成功申請(qǐng)者？2applicant n.申請(qǐng)人apply v.申請(qǐng)；運(yùn)用；適用于；涂；敷apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申請(qǐng)得到某物apply A to B把A應(yīng)用于/涂抹于Bapply to sb. /sth. 適用于某人/某物apply oneself to (doing) sth. 專注于(做)某事；集中精力于(做)某事application n.申請(qǐng)；申請(qǐng)表；申請(qǐng)書；運(yùn)用；使用fill in/out an application填寫申請(qǐng)表(1)You are lucky enough to be picked ou

37、t from so manyapplicants for the job.你很幸運(yùn)能從那么多的求職者中被選中做這份工作。(2)Mary was rejected by the company she (apply) to last year.去年，瑪麗被她申請(qǐng)的公司拒絕了。(3)Where does the woman advise the man to apply a job?這位女士建議那位男士在哪里找工作？(4)We must apply what we have learned our daily work.我們必須把所學(xué)的知識(shí)應(yīng)用到日常工作中去。(5)If you are inter

38、ested，please send an (apply) email at your earliest convenience.如果你感興趣，請(qǐng)盡早在你方便的時(shí)候發(fā)一封求職郵件。appliedfortoapplicationExposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.接觸另一種文化及其人民可以讓交換生更深刻地了解世界。3exposure n.接觸；體驗(yàn)；暴露；揭露expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接觸；使體驗(yàn)expose.to.使暴

39、露于；使體驗(yàn)be exposed to暴露于；接觸(1)Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of youngchildren.眾所周知，接觸鉛對(duì)幼兒的大腦有害。(2)For the sake of the babies safety，dont expose them strong sunlight.為了寶寶的安全，不要讓嬰兒受到強(qiáng)烈陽(yáng)光的照射。句式升級(jí)(3)Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.If every

40、day，young people may risk going deaf.(省略句) every day makes young people risk going deaf.(動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ))toexposed to very loud musicBeing exposed to very loud music名師點(diǎn)津及物動(dòng)詞expose后若無賓語(yǔ)，則常常使用它的被動(dòng)形式。(4)Being exposed to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.暴露在強(qiáng)光下會(huì)對(duì)你的皮膚有害。Tuition fees and living expenses ar

41、e much more expensivethan at home and could end up costing most families anarm and a leg.學(xué)費(fèi)和生活開銷比在家貴多了，多數(shù)家庭最終能會(huì)花費(fèi)一大筆錢。4end up結(jié)束，最終成為；最后處于end up doing最終會(huì)做某事；以做某事而告終end up in/with/as/adj.在中結(jié)束；最后處于；最終成為end with以結(jié)束(1)You will one day end up in prison if you continue stealing.如果你繼續(xù)偷竊的話，你總有一天會(huì)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。(2)At fi

42、rst they hated each other, but they ended up (get) married.起初，他們彼此憎恨對(duì)方，但最后卻結(jié)了婚。(3)If he carries on driving like that, hell end up (die). 如果他照這樣開車， 早晚得死于非命。(4)Without exception，the Spring Festival Gala ends the song Unforgettable Tonight.毫不例外，春晚以難忘今宵這首歌結(jié)束。gettingdeadwithSome may struggle and suffer f

43、rom culture shock whenlearning how to behave in new surroundings.有些人在學(xué)習(xí)如何面對(duì)新環(huán)境時(shí)可能要奮力抗?fàn)帲⒊惺芪幕瘺_擊的折磨。5behave vt.表現(xiàn) vi.& vt.表現(xiàn)得體；有禮貌behave oneself/well守規(guī)矩/舉止得體well-behaved adj.表現(xiàn)好的badly-behaved adj.表現(xiàn)差的behaviour n.(behavior)行為；舉止；習(xí)性(1)My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.我的相機(jī)自從維修后一直工作正

44、常。(2)The shop assistants behave very (good) towards/to customers.這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員對(duì)待顧客的態(tài)度非常好。(3)What do you think of the hosts (behave) on the stage that day?你怎樣評(píng)價(jià)主持人那天在舞臺(tái)上的行為？(4)My mother is always telling me to behave (me) when I attend feasts.我媽媽總是告訴我在參加宴會(huì)時(shí)要舉止得體。wellbehavio(u)rmyselfsurroundings n.環(huán)境；周圍的事

45、物surrounding adj.周圍的；附近的surround v.環(huán)繞；包圍surround.with/by.以包圍be surrounded by/with.被包圍(5)Some insects take on the colours of their surroundings to protect themselves.有些昆蟲為了自我保護(hù)會(huì)隨著周圍環(huán)境改變自身顏色。(6)They surrounded the sick girl every comfort.他們盡力使那個(gè)生病的女孩感到舒適。with/by(7)The (surround) small towns have beena

46、bsorbed into the city.四周的小城鎮(zhèn)已并入這座城市。(8)Jill was sitting on the floor (surround) by boxes.吉爾坐在地板上，周圍擺滿了箱子。語(yǔ)境串記Once upon a time，a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.從前，在一個(gè)綠樹環(huán)繞、環(huán)境優(yōu)美的城堡里住著一位國(guó)王，他對(duì)鄰邦十分友好。surrounding

47、surroundedThey have great facilities and outstanding professors，helping to educate young people who will contribute to theeconomy and further strengthen our country.他們有很好的設(shè)施和優(yōu)秀的教授，有助于培養(yǎng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有貢獻(xiàn)的年輕人，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)大我們的國(guó)家。6strengthen vi.& vt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固strength n.力量；力氣；強(qiáng)度；優(yōu)勢(shì)strong adj.強(qiáng)壯的；強(qiáng)大的(1)This activity helps st

48、rengthen memory and build trust.這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)有助于增強(qiáng)記憶和建立信任。(2)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own (strong).快樂和成功往往青睞那些善于認(rèn)識(shí)自己長(zhǎng)處的人。聯(lián)想對(duì)比記憶以下詞匯：strong(adj.)strength(n.)strengthen(v.)long(adj.)length(n.)lengthen(v.)deep(adj.)depth(n.)deepen(v.)wide(adj.)width(n.)widen(v.

49、)strengthsTo sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has itsdisadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，youshould consider these many factors.總之，出國(guó)留學(xué)有不利的一面，這個(gè)事實(shí)是不可否認(rèn)的，所以在考慮出國(guó)留學(xué)時(shí)，你應(yīng)該考慮這些因素。7deny vt.否認(rèn)；否定；拒絕deny (doing) sth. /that.否定；否認(rèn)(做過)某事deny sb. sth. deny sth. to sb. 拒絕給予Th

50、ere is no denying that.不可否認(rèn)(1)The prisoner denied to the police that he had taken part in the robbery.該犯人向警方否認(rèn)他參與了這起搶劫案。(2)There is no (deny) that it is a serious problem；the government should take strong measures to deal with it.無可否認(rèn)，這是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題，政府應(yīng)該采取有力措施來解決它。(3)He was so stubborn that he .他很固執(zhí)，拒絕給學(xué)

51、生說話的機(jī)會(huì)。denyingdenied the student a chance to speak句式升級(jí)(4)He denied that he broke into the room and took away the drawing.(用doing改寫句子)He denied .他否認(rèn)闖入房間偷走了畫。breaking into the room and taking away the drawingAs I always tell my son，there are no great difficulties fora person who is brave，optimistic，an

52、d willing to workhard！正如我一直告訴兒子的那樣，一個(gè)勇敢、樂觀、愿意努力工作的人沒有什么大困難！8optimistic adj.樂觀的be optimistic about對(duì)樂觀optimist n.樂觀主義者pessimistic adj.悲觀的pessimist n.悲觀主義者(1)Keep an optimistic attitude towards life and you will enjoy the pleasure life has brought to you.保持樂觀的生活態(tài)度，你將享受生活帶給你的快樂。(2)He seems to be optimis

53、tic his future and thinks he will get the position he wants.他似乎對(duì)自己的未來很樂觀，認(rèn)為自己會(huì)得到自己想要的職位。(3)According to the passage，not getting enough sleep can make you become (pessimist).根據(jù)文章，睡眠不足會(huì)使你變得悲觀。aboutpessimisticSome may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surrounding

54、s.在學(xué)習(xí)如何在新環(huán)境中舉止得體時(shí)，有些人可能會(huì)感到吃力，并承受文化沖擊的折磨。1畫線部分是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。狀語(yǔ)從句的省略條件是：when，while，before，after，unless，as if等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)為it，且謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞，則省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞或it和be動(dòng)詞。省略句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則使用現(xiàn)在分詞；若構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則使用過去分詞；若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則使用不定式。經(jīng)典句式(1)When surfing the Internet，I found the news.在網(wǎng)上沖浪時(shí)，我發(fā)

55、現(xiàn)了這條消息。(2)When (ask) about the secret of his success，he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.當(dāng)被問及成功的秘訣時(shí)，他說他的成功和幸福很大部分歸功于妻子和孩子。(3)He opened his mouth as if (say) something.他張開嘴好像要說什么。askedto sayStudying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and imp

56、rove your general competence.出國(guó)留學(xué)也有助于你獲得全球視野，提高你的綜合能力。2動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常置于句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果有邏輯主語(yǔ)，則在其前面加上形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格形式。(1)Missing the bus means waiting for another hour.錯(cuò)過公共汽車意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。(2)Writing English novels for him (be) really fun.對(duì)他來說寫英文小說真的很有趣。(3) made her teacher angry

57、.瑪麗上課遲到使她的老師很生氣。返 回isMarys being late for class.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.His parents expect him (get) home early to cook dinner for them.2.An unhappy home environment can affect a childs (behave).3.However，I will do whatever I can to live up to their _(expect).4.You could end up (run) this company if you have the be

58、tter ideas.5.I would be very grateful if you could kindly consider my _(apply).達(dá) 標(biāo) 檢 測(cè)當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練to getbehaviourexpectationsrunningapplication6.Though aware of the harm of the smog，they were stillexposed it casually.7.Exercise (strength) the heart and increases the lungs ability to take in oxygen.8.

59、Im enthusiastic and optimistic life，which makes me get on well with my classmates.9.When he was a child，he lived in a small village (surround) with huge mountains.10.Theres no denying only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will we achieve our dreams.tostreng

60、thensaboutsurroundedthat.完成句子11. a routine for me.看電視和讀書已經(jīng)成為我日常生活的一部分。12.We are all aware that online games can be a poor influence in the wrong hands.我們都知道，如果網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲落入壞人之手，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生不良影響。13.He worked very hard at his study and _ .他學(xué)習(xí)很努力，對(duì)考試的結(jié)果很樂觀。Watching TV and reading books has becomeif leftwas optimistic