1、,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verbs,1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考題） A. must B. can C. need D. may 2.It has been announced that candidates(候選人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考題） A. can B.will C. may D. shall 3.-I hear

2、d they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考題） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示推測,不表示推測,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,I darent ask her for

3、a rise. 我不敢請(qǐng)求她加薪. How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. I dont know how she dares to wear that dress. Do you need any help? I wonder whether he need send it immediately. I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous. The garden doesnt need watering at th

4、e moment. You neednt finish that work today.,可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (+動(dòng)詞原形),行為動(dòng)詞,.,need,dare,1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑問句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或與hardly, never, no one, nobody連用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出現(xiàn);,4.dare有其過去時(shí)dared.,多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do (sth.) need to be done (sth.) need do

5、ing,判斷正誤:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes need

6、be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully.,注意對(duì)need問句的回答: -Need I finish the work today? -Yes, _. No, _. No, _.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,neednt 對(duì)其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答: -Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. -Must we do it now? -No, you _.,

7、neednt (dont have to),neednt (dont have to),表示推測情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have slept through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be doin

8、g? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose.,表示推測情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.,肯定的推測 可能的推測 否定的推測 疑問的推測,must/should,對(duì)將來 對(duì)現(xiàn)在 對(duì)過去,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常見must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done

9、+ be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 這時(shí)，我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,

10、5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷. 6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (go) by bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲?公共汽車來上班的。,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,高考考題: 1

11、. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have

12、been,B,D,B,4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could,D,C,不同的“肯定”程度可按下列層

13、次排列： He is at home. (事實(shí)) He must be at home.（非?？隙ǖ耐茢啵?He could be at home.（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能） He may be at home.（僅僅可能而已） He might be at home.（或許, 非常不確定） He might not be at home.（也許不在家） He may not be at home. （比might可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家） He isnt

14、at home.（事實(shí)）,在不表示推測的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中, 我們要注意以下考點(diǎn):,1. 表示能力、許可的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 2. 表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 3. shall 和 will 的多種意義的區(qū)別。 4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語的使用。 5. 虛擬語氣中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用。,表示能力: can, could, be able to *be able to 能用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 can / could 只能表示現(xiàn)在或過去的能力。 *was / were able to : “設(shè)法做成某事” 相當(dāng)于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.。,1. 表示能力、許可的情態(tài)

15、動(dòng)詞的用法。,1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,A,D,3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. A. ca

16、n B. could C. may D. be able to 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to,D,A,表示許可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比較委婉, 一般多用于疑問句. * can, may 表達(dá)的語言比較隨便. * 在以could, might 表示征詢對(duì)方意見 或表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，回答應(yīng)相應(yīng)使用can, may.,5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of cour

17、se you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can,C,A,2. 表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法: 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn) 之一。,mustnt 不準(zhǔn), 禁止 neednt 沒必要 ( = dont have to ) cant 不能; 不可能 may not 不可以; 可能不 shouldnt 不應(yīng)該 ( = ought not to ),7. You _ return the book now

18、. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldnt,C,B,9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt

19、 B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont,B,C,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：shall, will 的多種意義:,shall / will+ 動(dòng)詞原形:,* shall 可表示必須、命令、 警告或征詢意見.,* will 可表示意愿、常出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作、在疑問句 中表示請(qǐng)求和建議.,* 均可表示將來。 過去時(shí)為 should, would.,3.,11. He _ be

20、 punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服從, 就要受到懲罰. 12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _ only let me speak. 只要你讓我說話, 我們根本就不會(huì)吵架. 13. -Sir, _ he go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could,shall,will,B,14. The door _ open. 這門經(jīng)常打不開. 15. Ronald _ stay in his small garden for a long time

21、 every day in the past. A. could B. might C. should D. would 16. You _ have the book after I read it. 我看完以后一定把這本書給你.,wont,D,shall,4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語的使用:,would like to do would rather do would rather + 從句 would prefer to do. had better do.,改錯(cuò): 1. Would you like having some tea? 2. Id prefer going to the lectu

22、re this evening. 3. Id rather you to go to the meeting. 4. He would rather to die than to give in. 5. Youd better to have your hair cut today.,Would you like to have some tea?,Id prefer to go to ., you went to .,He would rather die than give in.,Youd better have .,5. 用于虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:,should might could would neednt ought to,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考題:,1. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only